GTK 编程

 1 #include 
      
       
2
       
3 int main(int argc, char**argv)
       
4 {
       
5 GtkWidget *window;
       
6 gtk_init(&argc, &argv);
       
7 window=gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
       
8 gtk_widget_show(window);
       
9 gtk_main();
       
10 return 0;
       
11 }
       

      

 1 #include 
      
       
2
       
3 int main(int argc, char**argv)
       
4 {
       
5 GtkWidget *window;
       

        6 GtkWidget *label;
       
7 gtk_init(&argc, &argv);
       
8 window=gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
       

        9 g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window), "delete_event",
10    gtk_main_quit, NULL);
11 label=gtk_label_new("Hello world!");
12 gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window), label);
13 gtk_widget_show_all(window);
       
14 gtk_main();
       
15 return 0;
       
16 }
       

      

void on_clicked()
{
g_print("Hello world!/n");
}

....

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button), "clicked",
   G_CALLBACK(on_click), NULL);

gboolean on_exposed(GtkWidget *widget)
{
// do drawings here
....
return TRUE;
}

 1 #include 
      
       
2
       
3 void on_clicked(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer 
       data)
       
4 {
       
5 g_print("User has clicked button %s./n", (gchar *)
       data);
       
6 }
       
7
       
8 int main(int argc, char **argv)
       
9 {
       
10 GtkWidget *window;
       
11 GtkWidget *button;
       
12
       
13 gtk_init(&argc, &argv);
       
14 window=gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
       
15 g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window), "delete_event",
       
16    G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit), NULL);
       
17 button=gtk_button_new_with_label("Click Me");
       
18 g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button), "clicked",
       
19    G_CALLBACK(on_clicked), 
       "[Click Me]");
       
20 gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window), button);
       
21 gtk_widget_show_all(window);
       
22 gtk_main();
       
23 return 0;
       
24 }
       

      

GtkWidget *box1;
GtkWidget *box2;

box1=gtk_hbox_new(FALSE, 4); /* 不等寬, 間隔 4px */
box2=gtk_vbox_new(TRUE, 0); /* 等高, 無間隔 (0px) */

GtkWidget *box1;
GtkWidget *button1;
GtkWidget *button2;
GtkWidget *button3;

... 建立 button 跟事件處理 ...

box1=gtk_hbox_new(TRUE, 2); /* 等寬, 間隔 2px */
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1), button1, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1), button2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1), button3, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show_all(box1);

struct block
{
gint       count;  /* 周圍有多少地雷 */
gboolean   mine;   /* 是否藏有地雷 */
gboolean   marked; /* 是否被標記過 */
gboolean   opened; /* 是否已被掀開 */
GtkWidget *button;
};

static struct block *map; /* 地雷區資料 */
static gint width=10;     /* 地雷區寬度 */
static gint height=10;    /* 地雷區高度 */
static gint mines=20;     /* 地雷數量 */ 

/* 分配記憶體給 map 並初始化 */
map=(struct block *)g_malloc0(sizeof(struct block)*
        width*height);

/* 以亂數安置地雷 */
gint size=width*height;
gint i=0;
while(i

static GtkWidget *mine_label; /* 顯示剩餘地雷數 */
static GtkWidget *time_label; /* 顯示遊戲時間 */
static gint button_size=16;   /* button 大小 */ 

 1 GtkWidget *vbox;
2 GtkWidget *hbox;
3 GtkWidget *label;
4 gint i, j index;
5
6 vbox=gtk_vbox_new(FALSE, 0);
7
8 /* 存放 label 的第一個 hbox */
9 hbox=gtk_hbox_new(FALSE, 0);
10 label=gtk_label_new("Mines:");
11 gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox), label,
12     FALSE, FALSE, 4);
13 mine_label=gtk_label_new("0");
14 gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox), mine_label,
15     FALSE, FALSE, 2);
16 label=gtk_label_new("Time:");
17 gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox), label,
18     FALSE, FALSE, 4);
19 time_label=gtk_label_new("0");
20 gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox), time_label,
21     FALSE, FALSE, 2);
22 gtk_widget_show_all(hbox);
23 gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox), hbox,
24     FALSE, FALSE, 0);
25
26 /* width x height 個 button 的區塊 */
27 for(i=0, index=0; i

static gint opened_count;  /* 已經掀開多少格子 */
static gint marked_count;  /* 已經標記多少格子 */
static gboolean game_over; /* 遊戲是否已結束 */ 

 1 gboolean on_mouse_click(GtkWidget *widget,
2   GdkEventButton *event,
3   gpointer data)
4 {
5 gint index;
6 gint row, col;
7 gchar buf[4];
8
9 if(game_over==TRUE) return TRUE; /* 遊戲已結束 */
10
11 index=(gint)data;
12
13 switch(event->button){
14 case 1: /* 滑鼠左鍵 */
15  /* 從 index 算出發生事件格子的行列 */
16  row=index/width;
17  col=index%width;
18  /* 掀開格子 */
19  open_block(col, row);
20  break;
21 case 2: /* 滑鼠中鍵 */
22  break;
23 case 3: /* 滑鼠右鍵 */
24  /* 已掀開的格子不做記號 */
25  if(map[index].opened==TRUE)
26   break;
27  /* 原來有記號則消掉, 沒有則畫上記號 */
28  if(map[index].marked!=TRUE){
29   map[index].marked=TRUE;
30   gtk_button_set_label(
31    GTK_BUTTON(widget), "@");
32   marked_count++;
33  }else{
34   map[index].marked=FALSE;
35   gtk_button_set_label(
36    GTK_BUTTON(widget), "");
37   marked_count--;
38  }
39  /* 顯示新的地雷數 */
40  g_snprintf(buf, 4, "%d",
41      MAX(0, mines-marked_count));
42  gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(mine_label), buf);
43 }
44
45 return TRUE;
46 }

 1 void open_block(gint x, gint y)
2 {
3 gint index;
4 GtkWidget *button;
5
6 index=x+y*width;
7
8 if(game_over==TRUE || map[index].marked==TRUE)
9  return; /* 遊戲已結束或防止玩家誤翻有記號的格子 */
10
11 button=map[index].button;
12 gtk_toggle_button_set_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(button),
13   TRUE); /* 改變 button 狀態為按下 */
14
15 if(map[index].opened==TRUE) /* 掀開的格子保持按下狀態即可 */
16  return;
17
18 map[index].opened=TRUE; /* 格子狀態為掀開 */
19
20 if(map[index].mine==TRUE){ /* 若藏有地雷 */
21  gtk_button_set_label(GTK_BUTTON(button), "*");
22  gameover(FALSE); /* 踩到地雷遊戲結束 */
23  return;
24 }
25
26 if(map[index].count>0){ /* 若周圍有地雷 */
27  gchar buf[2];
28  g_snprintf(buf, 2, "%d", map[index].count);
29  gtk_button_set_label(GTK_BUTTON(button), buf);
30 }
31
32 opened_count++; /* 已掀開的格子又多了一個 */
33
34 if(opened_count+mines==width*height){
35  gameover(TRUE); /* 所有空地都被翻完時遊戲結束 */
36  return;
37 }
38
39 if(map[index].count==0){ /* 若周圍沒有地雷 */
40  /* 掀開周圍格子 */
41  if(y>0){
42   if(x>0) open_block(x-1, y-1);
43   open_block(x, y-1);
44   if(x

static GtkWidget *window; /* 主視窗 */
static gint game_time; /* 遊戲開始後的計秒 */ 

 1 void gameover(gboolean won)
2 {
3 GtkWidget *dialog;
4 gchar msg[100];
5
6 if(game_over==TRUE) return;
7
8 game_over=TRUE;
9
10 if(won==TRUE){ /* 準備掃雷成功的訊息 */
11  g_snprintf(msg, 100, "You won! You have cleared"
12   " the game in %3d seconds.", game_time);
13 }else{ /* 準備踩到地雷的訊息 */
14  g_snprintf(msg, 100, "Bad luck. Game over.");
15 }
16
17 /* 用 GtkMessageDialog 顯示訊息 */
18 dialog=gtk_message_dialog_new(GTK_WINDOW(window), 0,
19   GTK_MESSAGE_INFO, GTK_BUTTONS_OK, msg);
20 gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog));
21 gtk_widget_destroy(dialog);
22 }

 1 gboolean tick(gpointer data){
2 gchar buf[8];
3
4 if(game_over==TRUE) /* 遊戲結束則傳回 FALSE 停止計時 */
5  return FALSE;
6
7 game_time++; /* 增加遊戲時間並更新顯示 */
8 g_snprintf(buf, 8, "%d", game_time);
9 gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(time_label), buf);
10 return TRUE; /* 傳回 TRUE 繼續計時 */
11 }

/* 啟動計時 */
g_timeout_add(1000, (GSourceFunc)tick, NULL);