Spring的scope范围

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-08 00:20:44 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-07-08 00:20:44 发布 · 1.2k 阅读

0 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#Java #Spring

Spring 专栏收录该内容

1 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文介绍了Spring框架中IOC容器管理Bean的两种主要作用域：singleton和prototype。通过示例代码展示了singleton作用域下Bean实例的唯一性，以及prototype作用域下每次请求创建新实例的特点。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

spring IOC中主要的scope有两种，分别是singleton(单例)和prototype(原型)

1.当scope设为singleton(默认即为singleton)时,取出的对象始终为一个。

测试代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="userDAO" class="com.jack.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl">
        <property name="daoid" value="1"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="userService" class="com.jack.service.UserService" scope="singleton">
        <property name="userDAO" ref="userDAO"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

package com.jack.service;

import com.jack.dao.UserDAO;
import com.jack.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl;
import com.jack.model.User;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;


public class UserServiceTest {
    @Test
    public void add() throws Exception {
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("ApplicationContext.xml");
        UserService userService = (UserService) ctx.getBean("userService");
        UserService userService1 = (UserService) ctx.getBean("userService");
        System.out.println(userService == userService1);
    }
}

2.当scope设为prototype时, 每次都会取出一个新的对象。当所取出的对象中含有一个全局变量的时候，而在第二次使用的时候希望使用初始的全局变量，这时候可以使用prototype。

测试代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="userDAO" class="com.jack.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl">
        <property name="daoid" value="1"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="userService" class="com.jack.service.UserService" scope="prototype">
        <property name="userDAO" ref="userDAO"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

package com.jack.service;

import com.jack.dao.UserDAO;
import com.jack.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl;
import com.jack.model.User;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;


public class UserServiceTest {
    @Test
    public void add() throws Exception {
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("ApplicationContext.xml");
        UserService userService = (UserService) ctx.getBean("userService");
        UserService userService1 = (UserService) ctx.getBean("userService");
        System.out.println(userService == userService1);
    }
}