cobbler部署

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#apache #服务器 #linux

于 2022-08-11 22:32:29 首次发布

cobbler部署(CentOS 7~8)

文章目录


1. cobbler简介

Cobbler是一个Linux服务器安装的服务，可以通过网络启动(PXE)的方式来快速安装、重装物理服务器和虚拟机，同时还可以管理DHCP，DNS等。

Cobbler可以使用命令行方式管理，也提供了基于Web的界面管理工具(cobbler-web)，还提供了API接口，可以方便二次开发使用。

Cobbler是较早前的kickstart的升级版，优点是比较容易配置，还自带web界面比较易于管理。

Cobbler内置了一个轻量级配置管理系统，但它也支持和其它配置管理系统集成，如Puppet，暂时不支持SaltStack

Cobbler官网手册：cobbler.readthedocs.io


cobbler集成的服务

  • PXE服务支持
  • DHCP服务管理
  • DNS服务管理(可选bind,dnsmasq)
  • 电源管理
  • Kickstart服务支持
  • YUM仓库管理
  • TFTP(PXE启动时需要)
  • Apache(提供kickstart的安装源，并提供定制化的kickstart配置)

cobbler命令详解

命令说明
cobbler check核对当前设置是否有问题
cobbler list列出所有的cobbler元素
cobbler report列出元素的详细信息
cobbler sync同步配置到数据目录,更改配置最好都要执行下
cobbler reposync同步yum仓库
cobbler distro查看导入的发行版系统信息
cobbler system查看添加的系统信息
cobbler profile查看配置信息

cobbler配置文件详解
cobbler配置文件目录在/etc/cobbler

配置文件作用
/etc/cobbler/settingscobbler 主配置文件
/etc/cobbler/iso/iso模板配置文件
/etc/cobbler/pxepxe模板配置文件
/etc/cobbler/power电源配置文件
/etc/cobbler/user.confweb服务授权配置文件
/etc/cobbler/users.digestweb访问的用户名密码配置文件
/etc/cobbler/dhcp.templatedhcp服务器的的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/dnsmasq.templatedns服务器的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/tftpd.templatetftp服务的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/modules.conf模块的配置文件

cobbler数据目录

目录作用
/var/lib/cobbler/config/用于存放distros，system，profiles等信息配置文件
/var/lib/cobbler/triggers/用于存放用户定义的cobbler命令
/var/lib/cobbler/kickstart/默认存放kickstart文件
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/存放各种引导程序以及镜像目录
/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/导入的发行版系统的所有数据
/var/www/cobbler/images/导入发行版的kernel和initrd镜像用于远程网络启动
/var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror/yum仓库存储目录

cobbler日志文件

日志文件路径说明
/var/log/cobbler/installing客户端安装日志
/var/log/cobbler/cobbler.logcobbler日志

2. cobbler服务端部署

2.1 CentOS7系统部署

主机IP已配置系统
192.168.10.104yum源、epel源Centos7

关闭防火墙和selinux

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

安装cobbler以及相关的软件

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd dhcp tftp python-ctypes cobbler  xinetd cobbler-web pykickstart

# 启动服务并设置开机自启
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now cobblerd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now rsyncd

修改server、tftp的ip地址为本机ip，开启dhcp，密码加密

# 生成加密密码
[root@localhost ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt "$RANDOM" '123456'
$1$21705$jh1Vn8HkBBwjg0KihvWEl.

# 将新生成的密码加入配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings 
...
server: 192.168.10.104			#修改为本机IP
...
next_server: 192.168.10.104
...
manage_dhcp: 1					#开动dhcp
...
default_password_crypted: "$1$21705$jh1Vn8HkBBwjg0KihvWEl."		#密码加密
...

配置dhcp的网络模板设置

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template 
subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {		#本机网段
     option routers             192.168.10.104;   #本机IP地址或网关
     option domain-name-servers 192.168.10.2;	#dns
     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;	#子网掩码
     range dynamic-bootp        192.168.10.150 192.168.1.155;	#IP动态分配范围
     default-lease-time         21600;			#默认租期
     max-lease-time             43200;			#最大默认租期
     next-server                $next_server;

配置tftp

vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
service tftp
{
        socket_type             = dgram
        protocol                = udp
        wait                    = yes
        user                    = root
        server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
        server_args             = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
        disable                 = no		#默认disable状态，改成no不是这个状态，就是开启
        per_source              = 11
        cps                     = 100 2
        flags                   = IPv4
}

通过cobbler check 核对当前设置是否有问题

# 安装代理包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install fence-agents

# 重启服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd

# cobbler语法检测
# 这两个是关于debian系统的错误，可以忽略
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

1 : Some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders.  If you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely.  Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot.
2 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories

Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.

配置完，必须同步sync配置

[root@localhost ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2022-08-12_024208_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Fri Aug 12 02:42:08 2022)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
copying distros to tftpboot
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

检查dhcp是否正常

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install net-tools
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anulp|grep dhcp
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:67              0.0.0.0:*                   11690/dhcpd

导入centos7镜像

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=centos7 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2022-08-12_024636_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Fri Aug 12 02:46:36 2022)
Found a candidate signature: breed=suse, version=opensuse15.0
Found a candidate signature: breed=suse, version=opensuse15.1
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64:
creating new distro: centos7-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/centos7-x86_64
creating new profile: centos7-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64 for centos7-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

//说明：
    --path      //镜像路径
    --name      //为安装源定义一个名字
    --arch      //指定安装源平台


# 查看导入镜像目录（ks_mirror）的内容
[root@localhost ~]# ls /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/
CentOS_BuildTag  EULA  images    LiveOS    repodata              RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
EFI              GPL   isolinux  Packages  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  TRANS.TBL

# 查看cobbler镜像列表
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler list
distros:
   centos7-x86_64

profiles:
   centos7-x86_64

systems:

repos:

images:

mgmtclasses:

packages:

files:

创建kickstarts自动安装脚本

脚本是根据anaconda-ks.cfg文件写的

[root@localhost ~]# cat anaconda-ks.cfg 
#version=DEVEL	
# System authorization information
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512   #身份验证和算法，算法采用sha512格式
# Use CDROM installation media
cdrom									#使用光盘安装的
# Use graphical install
graphical								#安装方式，图形化
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --enable
ignoredisk --only-use=sda				#有多个磁盘的话，忽略，只安装sda
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'	#键盘格式
# System language
lang en_US.UTF-8						#系统语言

# Network information					#网络类型和主机名
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens33 --ipv6=auto --activate
network  --hostname=localhost.localdomain

# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted						#本机加密过后的密码 $6$dT2ovTS5e9ns3Kkb$dWVA9m.jeR6W8acad1P3NGhKK6H/5PKq8heRHykC1JsGOT4hISlAZ.TzuNTwdKNbM2QfkDKxxhn3uSDiw1orl0
# System services
services --disabled="chronyd"
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp	#系统时区
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --append=" crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
autopart --type=lvm
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --none --initlabel			#清空所有分区

%packages
@^minimal
@core
kexec-tools

%end

%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'

%end

%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end

[root@localhost ~]# vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7-x86_64.ks
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
bootloader --location=mbr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=500
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4096
part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=15000
text
firewall --disabled
firstboot --disable
keyboard us
lang en_US
url --url=http://192.168.10.104/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64
$yum_repo_stanza
reboot

rootpw --iscrypted $6$dT2ovTS5e9ns3Kkb$dWVA9m.jeR6W8acad1P3NGhKK6H/5PKq8heRHykC1JsGOT4hISlAZ.TzuNTwdKNbM2QfkDKxxhn3uSDiw1orl0

selinux --disabled
skipx
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp
install
zerombr

%packages
@^minimal
@core
kexec-tools

%end

%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'

%end

%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end

检查ks文件语法是否有误

[root@localhost ~]# cobbler validateks
task started: 2022-08-12_042351_validateks
task started (id=Kickstart Validation, time=Fri Aug 12 04:23:51 2022)
----------------------------
osversion: rhel7
checking url: http://192.168.10.104/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/centos7-x86_64
running: /usr/bin/ksvalidator -v "rhel7" "http://192.168.10.104/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/centos7-x86_64"
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
*** all kickstarts seem to be ok ***
*** TASK COMPLETE ***


# 查看当前cobbler有哪些配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile list
   centos7-x86_64

修改profile，将我们新建的ks文件设为默认的kickstarts安装文件

配置网卡名称为传统网卡名称eth0

[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile edit --name centos7-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7-x86_64.ks
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile edit --name centos7-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'

检查当前系统cobbler配置文件信息

[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile report
Name                           : centos7-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files                : {}
Comment                        : 
DHCP Tag                       : default
Distribution                   : centos7-x86_64
Enable gPXE?                   : 0
Enable PXE Menu?               : 1
Fetchable Files                : {}
Kernel Options                 : {'biosdevname': '0', 'net.ifnames': '0'}
Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {}
Kickstart                      : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7-x86_64.ks
Kickstart Metadata             : {}
Management Classes             : []
Management Parameters          : <<inherit>>
Name Servers                   : []
Name Servers Search Path       : []
Owners                         : ['admin']
Parent Profile                 : 
Internal proxy                 : 
Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server      : <<inherit>>
Repos                          : []
Server Override                : <<inherit>>
Template Files                 : {}
Virt Auto Boot                 : 1
Virt Bridge                    : xenbr0
Virt CPUs                      : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type          : raw
Virt File Size(GB)             : 5
Virt Path                      : 
Virt RAM (MB)                  : 512
Virt Type                      : kvm

同步cobbler

[root@localhost ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2022-08-12_043207_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Fri Aug 12 04:32:07 2022)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/centos7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
copying distros to tftpboot
copying files for distro: centos7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos7-x86_64/initrd.img
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
copying files for distro: centos7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/centos7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/centos7-x86_64/initrd.img
Writing template files for centos7-x86_64
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
processing boot_files for distro: centos7-x86_64
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

服务端服务重启

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart xinetd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q           Local Address:Port                          Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      5                    127.0.0.1:25151                                    *:*                  
LISTEN     0      5                            *:873                                      *:*                  
LISTEN     0      128                          *:22                                       *:*                  
LISTEN     0      100                  127.0.0.1:25                                       *:*                  
LISTEN     0      5                           :::873                                     :::*                  
LISTEN     0      128                         :::80                                      :::*                  
LISTEN     0      128                         :::22                                      :::*                  
LISTEN     0      100                        ::1:25                                      :::*                  
LISTEN     0      128                         :::443                                     :::*

2.1.1 客户端安装

新建一个名字为test的虚拟机，内存2G，使用物理驱动，网路nat模式

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选择centos7-x86_64进行自动安装

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2.2 CentOS8系统部署

主机IP系统
192.168.10.105CentOS8

关闭防火墙和selinux 
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

使用系统自带的yum源安装相关软件包

[root@CentOS_8 ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Stream-AppStream.repo  CentOS-Stream-Extras.repo            CentOS-Stream-PowerTools.repo
CentOS-Stream-BaseOS.repo     CentOS-Stream-HighAvailability.repo  CentOS-Stream-RealTime.repo
CentOS-Stream-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Stream-Media.repo

# 安装epel源
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# dnf -y install epel-release

# 开启cobbler模块
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# dnf module list | grep cobbler
cobbler     	  3     	 default [d]            Versatile Linux deployment server                                                                                  
cobbler           3.3        default                Versatile Linux deployment server   
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# dnf -y module enable cobbler:3
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# dnf -y install httpd dhcp* tftp tftp-server cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart rsync-daemon yum-utils syslinux syslinux-extlinux syslinux-tftpboot

# 开启服务并设置开机自启
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd cobblerd rsyncd dhcpd tftp

修改server、tftp的ip地址为本机ip，开启dhcp，密码加密

[root@CentOS_8 ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt "$RANDOM" '123456'
$1$12291$mMbbgyuR2u13fVli3rrCF/

# 将新生成的密码加入配置文件
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings.yaml
...
server: 192.168.10.105			#修改为本机IP
...
next_server: 192.168.10.105
...
manage_dhcp: true				#开动dhcp
...
default_password_crypted: "$1$28304$TkeLqaZJ6KciT2p79UFxC/"		#加密过后的密码

配置dhcp的网络模板设置

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template 
subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {		#本机网段
     option routers             192.168.10.105;   #本机IP地址或网关
     option domain-name-servers 192.168.10.2;	#dns
     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;	#子网掩码
     range dynamic-bootp        192.168.10.155 192.168.1.160;	#IP动态分配范围
     default-lease-time         21600;			#默认租期
     max-lease-time             43200;			#最大默认租期
     next-server                $next_server;

# 重启服务
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# systemctl restart httpd cobblerd

复制配置文件到/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/目录内，并执行脚本

[root@CentOS_8 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# /usr/share/cobbler/bin/mkgrub.sh 
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# ls /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/
grub  ldlinux.c32  menu.c32  pxelinux.0

同步sync配置

[root@CentOS_8 ~]# cobbler sync
......（省略）
running python trigger cobbler.modules.managers.genders
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
shell triggers finished successfully
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

挂载镜像并导入

[root@CentOS_8 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
mount: /mnt: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# ls /mnt/
AppStream  BaseOS  EFI  images  isolinux  LICENSE  media.repo  TRANS.TBL
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# cobbler import --name=centos8 --arch=X86_64 --path=/mnt
......（省略）
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/centos8-x86_64/BaseOS
looking for /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/centos8-x86_64/BaseOS/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/centos8-x86_64/BaseOS/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

列出镜像

[root@CentOS_8 ~]# cobbler list
distros:
   centos8-x86_64

profiles:
   centos8-x86_64

systems:

repos:

images:

mgmtclasses:

packages:

files:

[root@CentOS_8 ~]# cobbler distro report
Name                           : centos8-x86_64
Architecture                   : x86_64
Automatic Installation Template Metadata : {'tree': 'http://@@http_server@@/cblr/links/centos8-x86_64'}
TFTP Boot Files                : {}
Boot loader                    : grub
Breed                          : redhat
Comment                        : 
Fetchable Files                : {}
Initrd                         : /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/centos8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img
Kernel                         : /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/centos8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz
Kernel Options                 : {}
Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {}
Management Classes             : []
OS Version                     : rhel8
Owners                         : ['admin']
Redhat Management Key          : 
Remote Boot Initrd             : ~
Remote Boot Kernel             : ~
Template Files                 : {}

自动生成ks文件内容

[root@CentOS_8 ~]# cobbler profile get-autoinstall --name centos8-x86_64
# Sample kickstart file for current EL, Fedora based distributions.

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
# System authorization information
auth  --useshadow  --enablemd5
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Use text mode install
text
# Firewall configuration
firewall --enabled
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --disable
# System keyboard
keyboard us
# System language
lang en_US
# Use network installation
url --url=http://192.168.10.105/cblr/links/centos8-x86_64
# If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in the kickstart profile, include them here.
repo --name=source-1 --baseurl=http://192.168.10.105/cobbler/distro_mirror/centos8-x86_64/AppStream
repo --name=source-2 --baseurl=http://192.168.10.105/cobbler/distro_mirror/centos8-x86_64/BaseOS

# Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on  

# Reboot after installation
reboot

#Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$28304$TkeLqaZJ6KciT2p79UFxC/
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Do not configure the X Window System
skipx
# System timezone
timezone  America/New_York
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Allow anaconda to partition the system as needed
autopart

%pre
set -x -v
exec 1>/tmp/ks-pre.log 2>&1

# Once root's homedir is there, copy over the log.
while : ; do
    sleep 10
    if [ -d /mnt/sysimage/root ]; then
        cp /tmp/ks-pre.log /mnt/sysimage/root/
        logger "Copied %pre section log to system"
        break
    fi
done &



# Enable installation monitoring

%end

%packages
%end

%post --nochroot
set -x -v
exec 1>/mnt/sysimage/root/ks-post-nochroot.log 2>&1

%end

%post
set -x -v
exec 1>/root/ks-post.log 2>&1

# Start yum configuration
curl "http://192.168.10.105/cblr/svc/op/yum/profile/centos8-x86_64" --output /etc/yum.repos.d/cobbler-config.repo

# End yum configuration



# Start post_install_network_config generated code
# End post_install_network_config generated code

# Start download cobbler managed config files (if applicable)
# End download cobbler managed config files (if applicable)

# Start koan environment setup
echo "export COBBLER_SERVER=192.168.10.105" > /etc/profile.d/cobbler.sh
echo "setenv COBBLER_SERVER 192.168.10.105" > /etc/profile.d/cobbler.csh
# End koan environment setup

$SNIPPET('redhat_register')
# Begin cobbler registration
# cobbler registration is disabled in /etc/cobbler/settings.yaml
# End cobbler registration

# Enable post-install boot notification

# Start final steps

curl "http://192.168.10.105/cblr/svc/op/autoinstall/profile/centos8-x86_64" -o /root/cobbler.ks
# End final steps
%end

将生成的ks文件内容写入/var/lib/cobbler/templates/目录下

[root@CentOS_8 ~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/templates/
[root@CentOS_8 templates]# vim centos8.ks 
auth  --useshadow  --enablemd5
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Use text mode install
text
......（省略）

# 自动安装
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# cobbler validate-autoinstalls
task started: 2022-08-13_182323_validate_autoinstall_files
task started (id=Automated installation files validation, time=Sat Aug 13 18:23:23 2022)
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/validate_autoinstall_files/pre/*
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/validate_autoinstall_files/pre/*
shell triggers finished successfully
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

修改profile，配置网卡名称为传统网卡名称

[root@CentOS_8 ~]# cobbler profile edit --name centos8-x86_64 --autoinstall centos8.ks
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# cobbler profile edit --name centos8-x86_64 --kernel-options 'net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# cobbler profile report --name centos8-x86_64
Name                           : centos8-x86_64
Automatic Installation Template : centos8.ks
Automatic Installation Metadata : {}
TFTP Boot Files                : {}
Comment                        : 
DHCP Tag                       : default
Distribution                   : centos8-x86_64
Enable gPXE?                   : False
Enable PXE Menu?               : True
Fetchable Files                : {}
DHCP Filename Override         : <<inherit>>
Kernel Options                 : {'net.ifnames': '0', 'biosdevname': '0'}
Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {}
Management Classes             : []
Management Parameters          : <<inherit>>
Name Servers                   : []
Name Servers Search Path       : []
Next Server Override           : <<inherit>>
Owners                         : ['admin']
Parent Profile                 : 
Proxy                          : 
Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>>
Repos                          : []
Server Override                : <<inherit>>
Template Files                 : {}
Virt Auto Boot                 : True
Virt Bridge                    : xenbr0
Virt CPUs                      : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type          : raw
Virt File Size(GB)             : 5
Virt Path                      : 
Virt RAM (MB)                  : 512
Virt Type                      : kvm

同步并重启服务

[root@CentOS_8 ~]# cobbler sync
[root@CentOS_8 ~]# systemctl restart httpd cobblerd dhcpd

2.2.1 客户端安装

新建一个名字为test_8的虚拟机，内存2G，硬盘30G，使用物理驱动，网路nat模式

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3. 定制安装

定制安装步骤：

  • 统计服务器mac地址
  • 配置cobbler
  • 安装

在 cobbler 的web界面上配置

用户名和密码都是cobbler

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添加新系统

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