About: Sukkal

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Sukkal (conventionally translated from Sumerian as "vizier") was a term which could denote both a type of official and a class of deities in ancient Mesopotamia. The historical sukkals were responsible for overseeing the execution of various commands of the kings and acted as diplomatic envoys and translators for foreign dignitaties. The deities referred to as sukkals fulfilled a similar role in mythology, acting as servants, advisors and envoys of the main gods of the Mesopotamian pantheon, such as Enlil or Inanna. The best known sukkal is the goddess Ninshubur. In art, they were depicted carrying staffs, most likely understood as their attribute. They could function as intercessory deities, believed to mediate between worshipers and the major gods.

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  • سوكالو أو سوكال أو سَكَل أو وصيف أو أمين سر المرء أو خليل أو معاون أو وزير أو موظف البلاط أو مستشار أو الوكيل القضائي (بالإنجليزية: Sukkal)‏ هو مُصطلح يرجع إلى الفترة البابلية القديمة يُطلق ويُراد به: الموظف الحكومي المدني أو المفوَّض أو الرسول. وأيضًا، يُطلق على فئة من المسؤولين الرسميين القائمين بأعمال الملوك وعلى فئة من الآلهة التي تعمل كنظير إلهي للمسؤول البشري. (ar)
  • Sukkal (conventionally translated from Sumerian as "vizier") was a term which could denote both a type of official and a class of deities in ancient Mesopotamia. The historical sukkals were responsible for overseeing the execution of various commands of the kings and acted as diplomatic envoys and translators for foreign dignitaties. The deities referred to as sukkals fulfilled a similar role in mythology, acting as servants, advisors and envoys of the main gods of the Mesopotamian pantheon, such as Enlil or Inanna. The best known sukkal is the goddess Ninshubur. In art, they were depicted carrying staffs, most likely understood as their attribute. They could function as intercessory deities, believed to mediate between worshipers and the major gods. The office sukkal is also known from various areas to the west and east of Mesopotamia, including the Hurrian kingdom Arrapha, Syrian Alalakh and Mari and Elam under the rule of the Sukkalmah Dynasty, while the concept of divine sukkals was incorporated into Hurrian religion, in which major gods such as Kumarbi or Hebat commonly appear in company of their sukkals, similar to their Mesopotamian counterparts. (en)
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  • سوكالو أو سوكال أو سَكَل أو وصيف أو أمين سر المرء أو خليل أو معاون أو وزير أو موظف البلاط أو مستشار أو الوكيل القضائي (بالإنجليزية: Sukkal)‏ هو مُصطلح يرجع إلى الفترة البابلية القديمة يُطلق ويُراد به: الموظف الحكومي المدني أو المفوَّض أو الرسول. وأيضًا، يُطلق على فئة من المسؤولين الرسميين القائمين بأعمال الملوك وعلى فئة من الآلهة التي تعمل كنظير إلهي للمسؤول البشري. (ar)
  • Sukkal (conventionally translated from Sumerian as "vizier") was a term which could denote both a type of official and a class of deities in ancient Mesopotamia. The historical sukkals were responsible for overseeing the execution of various commands of the kings and acted as diplomatic envoys and translators for foreign dignitaties. The deities referred to as sukkals fulfilled a similar role in mythology, acting as servants, advisors and envoys of the main gods of the Mesopotamian pantheon, such as Enlil or Inanna. The best known sukkal is the goddess Ninshubur. In art, they were depicted carrying staffs, most likely understood as their attribute. They could function as intercessory deities, believed to mediate between worshipers and the major gods. (en)
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  • سوكالو (ar)
  • Sukkal (en)
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