多传感器融合理论与实践 自动驾驶

# Ubuntu Setup Guide 如何在外接SSD/NVME上安装Ubuntu系统 --- ## Contents * [基础准备工作](https://www.shenlanxueyuan.com/my/course/303) * [重新启动并配置BIOS](https://www.shenlanxueyuan.com/my/course/303) * [安装Ubuntu, Part 1](https://www.shenlanxueyuan.com/my/course/303) * [安装Ubuntu, 配置分区表](https://www.shenlanxueyuan.com/my/course/303) * [安装Ubuntu, Part 2](https://www.shenlanxueyuan.com/my/course/303) * [配置阿里云源](https://www.shenlanxueyuan.com/my/course/303) --- ## 基础准备工作 首先, 准备两个硬盘: * 一个为**小容量USB Disk**, 用于制作Ubuntu Startup Disk, 作为**Ubuntu Installer**, 记录设备名称, 此处为**SanDisk USB** <img src="images/00-cleanup-a-installer-disk.jpg" alt="Ubuntu Installer Disk" width="100%"> * 一个为**大容量SSD/NVMe Disk**, 用于Ubuntu Workspace Disk, 作为**Ubuntu Workspace**, 此处为**SAMSUNG SSD T3** <img src="images/00-cleanup-b-ubuntu-disk.jpg" alt="Ubuntu Workspace Disk" width="100%"> 接着, 将两个硬盘, 全部**格式化**. 格式化时目标文件系统为**Linux EXT4**. 此处以Ubuntu平台为示例, Windows与Mac用户请自行百度, 两系统均存在类似工具. <img src="images/00-cleanup-format-disks.png" alt="Format Disks" width="100%"> 最后, 使用工具, 在**小容量USB Disk**上制作**Ubuntu Installer**. 此处以Ubuntu平台为示例, Windows与Mac用户请自行百度, 两系统均存在类似工具. # **WARNING** 请务必仔细检查**设备名称**!!!确保选择了**正确的目标设备**!!!否则有可能**抹去现有系统盘上的数据** * 启动Creator: <img src="images/01-startup-disk-create--existing-ubuntu.png" alt="Launch Installer Creator" width="100%"> * 选择设备: <img src="images/01-startup-disk-create--select-device.png" alt="Select Device for Installer" width="100%"> * 确认制作: <img src="images/01-startup-disk-create--confirm.png" alt="Select Device for Installer" width="100%"> --- ## 重新启动, 配置BIOS 在Ubuntu Installer制作完成后, 将上述两USB Disk全部连接PC, 然后重新启动PC. 在系统上电时, 进入BIOS. **进入BIOS的方式和使用设备高度相关, 此处仅作示意** 此处目标设备为ThinkPad P73. 在出现OEM Logo时, 按下提示键, 进入BIOS: <img src="images/02-BIOS-enter.jpg" alt="Enter BIOS" width="100%"> <img src="images/02-BIOS-setup.jpg" alt="Enter BIOS" width="100%"> 选择**Boot Config**: <img src="images/02-BIOS-boot-config.jpg" alt="Select Boot Config" width="100%"> 将启动优先级调整为**USB Device First**. 调整结束后: <img src="images/02-BIOS-boot-sequence.jpg" alt="Set Boot Sequence" width="100%"> * 首选的启动媒介为外接USB * USB设备名称有2个: * 其中一个为**Ubuntu Installer, SanDisk USB**, 它有Bootloader, 能够引导PC进入Ubuntu系统 * 另一个为**Ubuntu Workspace, SAMSUNG SSD T3**, 它没有Bootloader, 不会引导PC进入Ubuntu系统 * 保存BIOS设置, 重新启动设备, 若配置成功, 应当能看到如下的GRUB界面: <img src="images/02-BIOS-start-installation.jpg" alt="Start Installation" width="100%"> --- ## 安装Ubuntu 接下来进入Ubuntu安装 选择语言: <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-a-keyboard.png" alt="Language Config" width="100%"> 选择键盘Layout: <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-a-keyboard.png" alt="Keyboard Config" width="100%"> 选择**No Network Connnection** <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-c-network.png" alt="No Network Connection" width="100%"> 安装类型选择**Normal Installation & Device Drivers** <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-d-option.png" alt="Installation Type" width="100%"> 硬盘分区选择**Something Else**, 自定义分区类型. <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-e-type.png" alt="Custom Partition" width="100%"> --- ## 创建分区表 接下来进入最重要的环节, 创建**Partiton Table** # **WARNING** 请务必仔细检查**设备名称**!!!确保选择了**正确的目标设备**!!!否则有可能**抹去现有系统盘上的数据** 首先, 选择正确的目标设备, 此处为**Ubuntu Workspace Disk, SAMSUNG SSD T3**, 点击**New Partition Table** <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-f-create-new-partition.png" alt="Select Workspace Device" width="100%"> # **WARNING** 请务必仔细检查**设备名称**!!!确保选择了**正确的目标设备**!!!否则有可能**抹去现有系统盘上的数据** 确认: <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-f-create-new-partition-confirm.png" alt="Select Workspace Device" width="100%"> 执行完成后, **Ubuntu Workspace Disk**会全部变成Freespace <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-f-create-new-partition-result.png" alt="Format Workspace Device" width="100%"> 接下来**创建分区**. 个人习惯如下, 分区按照**创建先后顺序排列**: * swap, **New Partition Type**为**Primary**, **Use As**为**swap**, 推荐大小**与PC物理内存相同**. <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-g-02-boot.png" alt="swap" width="100%"> * boot, **New Partition Type**为**Logical**, **Use As**为**EXT4 Filesystem**, 推荐大小**128/256MB**. <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-g-02-boot.png" alt="boot" width="100%"> * root, **New Partition Type**为**Logical**, **Use As**为**EXT4 Filesystem**, 推荐大小为**剩余的全部Free Space** <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-g-03-root.png" alt="root" width="100%"> 完成后目标设备上的分区表如下图所示, 点击**Install Now**, 启动安装: <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-g-result.png" alt="Workspace Device Partition Table" width="100%"> --- ## 安装Ubuntu 接下来, 完成剩余的配置, 等待安装成功: 选择区域: <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-i-region.png" alt="Region Config" width="100%"> 设置设备名, 账号/密码: <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-k-config.png" alt="Device Config" width="100%"> 等待安装结束: <img src="images/03-install-ubuntu-l-finish.png" alt="Finish" width="100%"> 按照提示重启PC, 完成安装. --- ## 配置阿里云源 在设备下电后, 断开**Ubuntu Installer**与PC的链接, 仅保留**Ubuntu Workspace**与PC的链接, 启动Ubuntu. 接下来还需要进行最后一步: **配置阿里云源, 更新系统软件**. 此处**至关重要**, 有些设备只有在获取最新驱动后, 才能够正常使用Ubuntu 首先, 打开**etc-apt-source.list** ```bash sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list ``` 删除系统默认配置, 将以下阿里云源配置写入, 保存: ```bash # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to # newer versions of the distribution. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted ## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the ## distribution. # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any ## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu ## security team. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse # deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as ## extensively as that contained in the main