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UNIX
®
AND LINUX
®
SYSTEM
ADMINISTRATION
HANDBOOK
FOURTH EDITION

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Evi Nemeth
Garth Snyder
Trent R. Hein
Ben Whaley
UNIX
®
AND LINUX
®
SYSTEM
ADMINISTRATION
HANDBOOK
FOURTH EDITION
with Terry Morreale, Ned McClain,
Ron Jachim, David Schweikert, and Tobi Oetiker

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Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks.
Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have
been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux and the Red Hat SHADOWMAN logo are registered trademarks of Red Hat Inc., and such
trademarks are used with permission.
Ubuntu is a registered trademark of Canonical Limited, and is used with permission.
SUSE and openSUSE are registered trademarks of Novell Inc. in the United States and other countries.
Oracle Solaris and OpenSolaris are registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
HP-UX is a registered trademark of Hewlett-Packard Company. (HP-UX®)
AIX is a trademark of IBM Corp., registered in the U.S. and other countries.
The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make no expressed or implied warranty of
any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential
damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
UNIX and Linux system administration handbook / Evi Nemeth ... [et al.].
—4th ed.
p. cm.
Rev. ed of: Unix system administration handbook, 3rd ed., 2001.
Includes index.
ISBN 978-0-13-148005-6 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. Operating systems (Computers) 2. UNIX (Computer file) 3. Linux.
I. Nemeth, Evi. II. Unix system administration handbook.
QA76.76.O63N45 2010
005.4'32—dc22
2010018773
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission
must be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding
permissions, write to:
Pearson Education, Inc.
Rights and Contracts Department
501 Boylston Street, Suite 900
Boston, MA 02116
Fax: (617) 671-3447
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-148005-6
ISBN-10: 0-13-148005-7
Text pr int ed i n the Un ited St ate s on re cycl ed p ap er at Edw ards B rot he rs i n An n A rb or, Mi chig an.
First printing, June 2010