C，C++常用函数查询手册_c函数库手册中文版资源-CSDN下载

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在编程世界中，C 和 C++ 语言是基础且至关重要的。它们被广泛应用于系统级编程、游戏开发、嵌入式系统以及许多高性能计算领域。本手册主要关注这两个语言的常用函数，帮助开发者快速查询和理解相关知识。一、预处理命令预处理是编译过程的第一步，它处理源代码中的宏定义、条件编译指令和包含文件等。常见的预处理指令有 `#define` 用于常量定义，`#include` 用于引入头文件，`#ifdef`、`#ifndef`、`#else`、`#elif` 和 `#endif` 组成条件编译，以及 `#pragma` 提供编译器特定的指令。二、操作符优先级 C 和 C++ 中的操作符有各自的优先级和结合性，理解这些规则有助于编写更清晰、准确的代码。例如，括号具有最高优先级，算术运算符（如加、减、乘、除）次之，关系和逻辑运算符的优先级更低。记住这些规则可以避免因误用而产生的意外结果。三、转义字符转义字符是C/C++中用于表示特殊含义的字符，如 `\n` 表示换行，`\t` 代表制表符，`\r` 是回车，`\0` 表示字符串结束符。了解这些转义字符可以方便地在字符串中插入特殊符号。四、ASCII码表 ASCII码是计算机中字符编码的基础，包含了128个字符，包括大写和小写字母、数字、标点符号以及控制字符。掌握ASCII码对于处理字符和字符串操作非常重要。五、基本数据类型 C/C++提供了多种基本数据类型，包括整型（如 `int`、`short`、`long long`）、浮点型（`float`、`double`）、字符型（`char`）以及布尔型（`bool`）。每种类型都有其内存占用和取值范围，理解这些差异有助于优化程序和避免潜在错误。六、关键字关键字是语言保留的标识符，如 `if`、`for`、`while`、`switch`、`break`、`continue`、`return` 等，它们在程序中有着特殊的含义和作用。避免与关键字重名是编写有效代码的基本要求。七、标准C库标准C库提供了大量函数，用于输入/输出、内存管理、字符串处理、数学计算等。例如，`printf` 和 `scanf` 用于格式化输入输出，`malloc` 和 `free` 管理动态内存，`strlen` 计算字符串长度，`strcpy` 和 `strcat` 处理字符串复制和连接。八、C++标准模板库（STL） C++的STL是现代编程的重要组成部分，包括容器（如 `vector`、`list`、`map`）、迭代器、算法和内存管理工具。STL极大地提高了代码的复用性和效率，其中的容器提供了动态数组、链表、关联数组等数据结构，算法如排序、查找等提供了通用解决方案。通过深入学习并熟练掌握以上知识点，C/C++程序员可以编写出高效、可读性强的代码。本查询手册将作为开发者日常编程的实用参考，帮助解决各种实际问题。无论是初学者还是经验丰富的程序员，都可以从中受益。

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C++-API.rar （69个子文件）

C++-API

stdmem_details.html 16KB

cppio_details.html 17KB

cppstring.html 6KB

cppvector_details.html 14KB

ascii.html 11KB

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<html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312"> <meta name="GENERATOR" content="Microsoft FrontPage 6.0"> <meta name="ProgId" content="FrontPage.Editor.Document"> <title>Standard C String & Character</title> </head> <body> <div class="Section1" style="LAYOUT-GRID: 15.6pt none"> <table style="BACKGROUND: #eeeeff; WIDTH: 100%; mso-cellspacing: 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm" cellPadding="0" width="100%" bgColor="#eeeeff" border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/ZS/桌面/index.html">cppreference.com</a> -> <a href="file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/ZS/桌面/stdstring.html">Standard C String & Character</a> -> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">详解</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p> </span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h1>标准<span lang="EN-US">c字符和字符串</span></h1> <div class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"> <span lang="EN-US"> <hr align="center" width="100%" SIZE="2"> </span> </div> <h2><span lang="EN-US"><a name="atof">atof</a></span></h2> <p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">语法</span><span lang="EN-US">:</span></i></p> <table style="BACKGROUND: #ccccff; mso-cellspacing: 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm" cellPadding="0" bgColor="#ccccff" border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt"> <pre><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p> </o:p> </span></pre> <pre><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span>#include <stdlib.h></span></pre> <pre><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span>double atof( const char *str );</span></pre> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>功能<span lang="EN-US">:将字符串<i>str</i>转换成一个双精度数值并返回结果。参数<i>str</i> 必须以有效数字开头,但是允许以“E”或“e”除外的任意非数字字符结尾。例如：</span></p> <pre><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </span>x = atof( "42.0is_the_answer" );</span></pre> <p style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span lang="EN-US">x的值为42.0.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">相关主题</span><span lang="EN-US">:</span></i><span lang="EN-US"><br> <strong><a href="#atoi">atoi()</a> and <a href="#atol">atol()</a>.</strong></span></p> <div class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt" align="center"> <span lang="EN-US"> <hr align="center" width="100%" SIZE="2"> </span> </div> <h2 style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span lang="EN-US"> <a name="atoi">atoi</a></span></h2> <p class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">语法</span><span lang="EN-US">:</span></i></p> <table style="BACKGROUND: #ccccff; mso-cellspacing: 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm" cellPadding="0" bgColor="#ccccff" border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt"> <pre><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p> </o:p> </span></pre> <pre><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span>#include <stdlib.h></span></pre> <pre><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span>int atoi( const char *str );</span></pre> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt">功能：将字符串<i><span lang="EN-US">str</span></i>转换成一个整数并返回结果。参数<i><span lang="EN-US">str</span></i><span lang="EN-US"> 以数字开头，当函数从<i>str</i> 中读到非数字字符则结束转换并将结果返回。例如，</span></p> <pre><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </span>i = atoi( "512.035" );</span></pre> <p style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span lang="EN-US">i 的值为 512.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">相关主题</span><span lang="EN-US">:</span></i><span lang="EN-US"><br> <strong><a href="#atof">atof()</a> and <a href="#atol">atol()</a>.</strong></span></p> <div class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt" align="center"> <span lang="EN-US"> <hr align="center" width="100%" SIZE="2"> </span> </div> <h2 style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span lang="EN-US"> <a name="atol">atol</a></span></h2> <p class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">语法</span><span lang="EN-US">:</span></i></p> <table style="BACKGROUND: #ccccff; mso-cellspacing: 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm" cellPadding="0" bgColor="#ccccff" border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt"> <pre><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p> </o:p> </span></pre> <pre><span lang="EN-US"> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>#include <stdlib.h></span></pre> <pre><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span>long atol( const char *str );</span></pre> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt">功能：将字符串转换成长整型数并返回结果。函数会扫描参数<i><span lang="EN-US">str</span></i>字符串，跳过前面的空格字符，直到遇上数字或正负符号才开始做转换，而再遇到非数字或字符串结束时才结束转换，并将结果返回。例如，</p> <pre><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">    </span>x = atol( "1024.0001" );</span></pre> <p style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 1

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