Beatrix Nutz
Studies: English, History and Archaeology (Pre- and Protohistory and Archaeology of the Middle Ages and the Modern Period) at the University of Innsbruck, Tyrol.
Staff member with following projects at the University of Innsbruck:
• SFB HiMAT (The history of mining in Tyrol) in project part 05 (Prehistoric flint and rock crystal mining in the Alps)
• Wissenschaftliche Aufarbeitung der Heilerin von Tarrenz
• Forschungspuls Schloss Tirol
• The Textiles of the Modern Age Gold-Mines of Carinthia
• Glacial Archaeology in the Austrian Alps
• Study Group: Apparel and Textile Techniques
Project leader at the University of Innsbruck:
• Medieval Textiles from Lengberg Castle, East Tyrol
• Textile Production, Clothing and Status in the 15th Century at Lengberg Castle, East Tyrol
Independent work:
• The Textiles from the Modern Age Copper Mine “Blindis” in East Tyrol
• The 17th to 20th Century Textiles from the Stams Cache.
2018-2019 employed at the municipal archive of Schwaz, Tyrol.
2020 – employed at ARDIS Archaeology, Innsbruck and working as freelance textile archaeologist
Staff member with following projects at the University of Innsbruck:
• SFB HiMAT (The history of mining in Tyrol) in project part 05 (Prehistoric flint and rock crystal mining in the Alps)
• Wissenschaftliche Aufarbeitung der Heilerin von Tarrenz
• Forschungspuls Schloss Tirol
• The Textiles of the Modern Age Gold-Mines of Carinthia
• Glacial Archaeology in the Austrian Alps
• Study Group: Apparel and Textile Techniques
Project leader at the University of Innsbruck:
• Medieval Textiles from Lengberg Castle, East Tyrol
• Textile Production, Clothing and Status in the 15th Century at Lengberg Castle, East Tyrol
Independent work:
• The Textiles from the Modern Age Copper Mine “Blindis” in East Tyrol
• The 17th to 20th Century Textiles from the Stams Cache.
2018-2019 employed at the municipal archive of Schwaz, Tyrol.
2020 – employed at ARDIS Archaeology, Innsbruck and working as freelance textile archaeologist
less
InterestsView All (32)
Uploads
Books by Beatrix Nutz
SOMMAIRE
8 Avant-propos (L. François)
11 S’adapter (L. Tremblay Cormier)
19 Série Panta Rhei, Jürgen Nefzger, 2006 (C. Deltreil)
23 Les glaciers nous parlent ! (L. Moreau)
37 Les arbres subfossiles et l’évolution des glaciers depuis la dernière glaciation (M. Le Roy)
45 L’archéologie des cols englacés en France : Naissance d’une nouvelle discipline dans la vallée d’Avérole (Bessans, Savoie) (É. Thirault)
56 Un javelot du Haut Moyen Âge (L. Tremblay Cormier)
58 Sculpture votive gallo-romaine du Colerin, Bessans (Savoie) (C. Vernou)
60 Découvertes archéologiques sur l’ancien col de la Galise (Val d’Isère, Savoie) (P.-J. Rey)
63 L’archéologie glaciaire en Autriche. Les mines d’or de Carinthie (B. Nutz)
75 Les mines de l’Oisans au Moyen Âge et la découverte de la mine du Milieu (M.-C. Bailly-Maître)
83 L’archéologie glaciaire dans les Alpes suisses (P.-Y. Nicod et P. Curdy)
91 Schnidi, le chasseur du Néolithique (P.-Y. Nicod et P. Curdy)
93 Le « Mercenaire » du Théodule (P.-Y. Nicod et P. Curdy)
94 Les bois de la Forcle (P.-Y. Nicod et P. Curdy)
103 Diableries, offrandes ou divinités ? (L. Tremblay Cormier)
109 L’énigmatique objet anthropomorphe du Col Collon (P.-Y. Nicod et P. Curdy)
113 Une dépouille féminine des environs de 1690 dans les Grisons (T. Reitmeier et al.)
123 Glossaire
124 Les gestes qui sauvent
125 Liste des auteurs et autrices
126 Liste des prêteurs
https://fr.silvanaeditoriale.it/libro/9788836651337
Papers by Beatrix Nutz
Archaeological Highlights from Wels, 2022–2024
This article briefly presents five excavations and their highlights of Roman and medieval finds and features. Hypocausts, a kiln, a floor mosaic, wells, a Roman cellar, and the late medieval pit contents, which contained some completely preserved vessels. Among the Roman finds, two lateres with graffiti stand out, as does a single-handled jug from the 2nd/3rd century with a glossy clay coating and figurative barbotine decoration depicting a venatio with a lion killing a wild horse and men with sticks setting the animals against each other.
The so-called lucets or knitting forks, bone implements, with two prongs or tines, mainly dated to the 10th to 12th century, are said to have been used to knit long cords (much like with modern knitting dolls). Based on a find from Lund (Skåne County, Sweden) on which a runic inscription is engraved on one side, these UFOs are addressed as "tinblbein" in Scandinavia. English speakers refer to them as Viking lucets. BUT – a closer look at find spots reveal that these bone tools can be found in areas where Vikings never ventured too (e.g. Switzerland and South Tyrol – some dated as early as the 5th century). In the Netherlands and Belgium, similar bone artefacts with three and four prongs have been found. The most common are the three-pronged implements called "drietand" (trident). The three- and four-pronged objects are also considered UFOs and there is speculation as to whether they were used as bridges of stringed instruments, tools for decorating ceramics, for piercing rows of holes in leather etc.
To find out whether these devices are at all suitable for knitting cords, some replicas were made and knitting experiments conducted. It turned out that knitting with these tools works quite well, despite their small size. Nevertheless, the question still stands: Were these UFOs used as knitting forks/lucets or not?
This paper gives an overview of the “lucet” finds in Europe, presents the results of the knitting experiments, and discuss the likeliness of other possible uses of these implements.
Für die Erbauung des Innkraftwerks der TIWAG in Kirchbichl in den Jahren 1938 bis 1941 wurde ein eigenes Barackenlager – das sogenannte „Polenlager“ – errichtet, das am südwestlichen Ortsrand von Kirchbichl zwischen Bauhofstraße und der Bahnlinie Innsbruck–Kufstein lag. Vor einem geplanten Bauvorhaben wurde vom Bundesdenkmalamt zunächst im Jahr 2014 eine geophysikalische Prospektion der Lagerfläche beauftragt, die von der Firma PZP durchgeführt wurde. Anschließend erfolgte im Spätherbst 2016 die Ausgrabung auf einer Untersuchungsfläche von rund 2500 m2 durch die Firma ARDIS GmbH. Im Zuge der Ausgrabung war es möglich Teile des Zwangsarbeiterlagers freizulegen. Dazu gehörten die Reste der Pfostenbauten zweier Baracken sowie die Fundamentreste eines weiteren Gebäudes. Diese wurden wohl als Wohn- und Funktionsbauten verwendet. Ebenso war es möglich den Hof des Lagers freizulegen.
The "Polenlager" in Kirchbichl - archaeological findings
For the construction of the TIWAG Inn power plant in Kirchbichl between 1938 and 1941, barracks of a forced labour camp - the so-called "Polenlager" - were built on the south-western outskirts of Kirchbichl between Bauhofstraße and the Innsbruck-Kufstein railway line. Prior to a planned construction project, the Federal Office for the Protection of Monuments first commissioned a geophysical prospection of the camp area in 2014, which was carried out by the company PZP. This was followed in late autumn 2016 by the excavation of an area of around 2500 sqm by the company ARDIS GmbH. In the course of the excavation, it was possible to uncover parts of the forced labour camp. These included the remains of two barracks and the foundation remains of another building. These were probably used as living quarters and functional buildings. It was also possible to uncover the courtyard of the camp.
Most published tablet-woven bands are made from precious materials, often with complex patterning or brocading. The technique also lends itself to making simple and very sturdy bands that can still be decorative as well. The Blindis find with the looped pile is among the rare examples of these more mundane tablet-woven items, which were probably much more common than the number of archaeological finds suggests. The two narrow bands are included as well, as examples of simple, mundane bands for practical use.
Archaeology in the Old Town of Innsbruck
The construction supervision of the infrastructure measures 2020-2021
In the course of the comprehensive infrastructure measures of the IKB (Innsbrucker Kommunalbetriebe AG) in the old town of Innsbruck, the Federal Office for the Protection of Monuments ordered comprehensive accompanying archaeological measures to protect the monuments located below the modern layers. Construction work and ground interventions irreparably destroy the original layers and find contexts. The work was carried out in close cooperation with the construction company working on site and the archaeological company Ardis GmbH, which provided the scientific excavation team depending on the findings. All pipe trenches opened during the construction project, which affected almost every street, alley and square in Innsbruck's old town, received archaeological monitoring. In addition, the investigation extended to several larger individual areas, first and foremost around the Cathedral of St. Jacob and in the west of the Ottoburg. The excavations concentrated on the sections affected by the construction work, so that for many structures and features it was only possible to record them in profile or in a partial section. At the beginning of the work, it was unclear to what extent or state of preservation findings were to be expected and how far back they would date. Innsbruck turned out to be a stroke of luck, because large parts of the old sewage system, the so-called "Ritschen", had been preserved below the modern layers. The same was true for the area of Domplatz (Cathedral Square), where more than 400 medieval graves were discovered and evaluated. As far as the time frame is concerned, the findings and finds range from the 13th to the 20th century.
yielded various cords, braids and bands with dates ranging from medieval times to the 17th century. Some were preserved due to dry conditions and others in the permafrost at high altitudes in the Austrian Alps.
For several decades now our Earth has been warming up due to man-made climate change and, as a direct consequence of this now accelerated process, the ice of glaciers and at the poles is melting. During this process unique evidence from the past surfaces, which has led to the founding of a comparatively young special field of archaeology: glacial archaeology (also: ice patch or snow patch archaeology). This field deals in general with archaeological sites or finds in the ice (from the cryosphere), whereby the temporal and thematic framework ranges from the Stone Age to the 20th century, and the spatial scope covers all areas where glaciers and ice surfaces or permafrost soils exist.
It was assumed up to the 1980s that high alpine areas were hardly visited by humans, but by now it has been established that these areas were frequented seasonally since the end of the Würm glacial stage some 12,000 years ago. Reasons for people of prehistoric periods to visit high altitudes were the crossing of passes, hunting, the search for raw materials such as flint, rock crystal, ores, etc., as well as the cultivation of high pasture. Archaeological research up to the 1990s, with few exceptions, was mainly concerned with exploring the valleys and low mountain ranges. In 1991 this changed suddenly with the discovery of the mummified “Ötzi” and his equipment at the Tisenjoch in the South Tyrolean part of the Ötztaler Alps. This find was the starting signal for a broader archaeological exploration of the glacial regions and already ice-free high alpine areas in Austria.
In high-altitude mining regions over 2,500 meters above sea level in the High Tauern in the Austrian federal states of Carinthia and Salzburg, objects of organic materials such as wood, leather and textiles were preserved for centuries under ice and snow patches and in the frozen ground. In the project “Modern Age Textiles from Gold Mining Areas in Carinthia,” which is run in cooperation with the project “Glacial Archaeology in the Austrian Alps”, miner´s apparel is studied together with all other fabrics used in mining.
Die Ruine wurde von der einfachen Landbevölkerung als Unterstand genutzt und geriet langsam, aber sicher in völlige Vergessenheit, bis sie 2017 im Zuge einer archäologischen Ausgrabung neu entdeckt wurde.
(Dies ist die verkürzte, ins Deutsche übersetzte Version des Aufsatzes "Nets – Knots – Lace: Early 16th century headdresses from East Tyrol")
In an excavation carried out in 1968 four headdresses dating from the early to first half of the 16th century were discovered in a crypt in the parish church of Lienz in East Tyrol (Austria). All four headdresses are remarkably well preserved, and two of them reveal techniques that are surprising considering the early date. A hairnet with macrame knots and a coif adorned with bobbin lace most likely date before 1509 making them the earliest extant examples of macrame and bobbin lace to date.
Mining preserved in ice
In high-altitude mining regions over 2,500 meters above sea level in the High Tauern, objects of organic materials such as wood, leather and textiles were preserved for centuries under ice and snow patches and in the frozen ground. Among the fabrics also many remnants of clothing can be found. In the project “Modern Age Textiles from Gold Mining Areas in Carinthia,” which is run in cooperation with the project “Glacial Archaeology in the Austrian Alps,” pitmen´s apparel is studied together with all other fabrics used in mining.
Since the original function of this textile could not be determined with certainty by merely investigating the extant garment, a reconstruction was attempted in order to produce a copy with which wearer trials could be conducted. Thanks to a grant from the Janet Arnold Foundation, new light can now be shed on this mysterious textile, and how it was worn. After frustrating failed attempts, a surprising solution was determined: the textile is headwear.