This study investigates the gender portrayal of Kim Yo-jong, the sister of North Korean leader Ki... more This study investigates the gender portrayal of Kim Yo-jong, the sister of North Korean leader Kim Jong-un, across North Korean, Chinese, and American media sources. This paper aims to explore how gender affects her portrayal in these media houses and how these portrayals tenets different political systems. It draws upon a cursory examination of keywords, bigrams, and the thematic framing of the given subjects in the media outlets of these countries. The findings on the following aspects show a gendered difference in coverage, and Kim Yo-jong's coverage, in particular, has many inconsistencies. In North Korean news, however, she is not depicted as a woman but as a subject supporting the regime. However, Chinese media presents her as a Strategic Diplomat, not as a woman, and this is due to China's gender-neutral policy on leadership. American media works with her gender representation as a 'sex symbol power' but a deadly one all the same, which is a big issue of having a women leader in men's world. As for the research subject, this work discusses gender stereotyping regarding women in media, especially about authoritarianism and politics. South Asian and Western media and different political systems put gendered construction of political leaders and how the news media portrays female leadership differently. Thus, based on the analysed texts, the North Korean and Chinese texts de-emphasise gender. In contrast, the American texts over-emphasise the gender issue, though differently, thus identifying gender, political roles, and ideological framing as essential aspects of current global media discourses.
This study investigates the influence of gamified learning on second language acquisition, focusi... more This study investigates the influence of gamified learning on second language acquisition, focusing on how game-based elements affect learner motivation, engagement, and language skill development. Gamified learning refers to the integration of game-like features such as points, levels, badges, and leaderboards into educational environments to make learning more interactive and enjoyable. The research specifically examines the impact of these features on core language competencies: reading, writing, listening, and speaking. Data for the study were gathered through an online survey employing the snowball sampling method, involving 24 participants who are currently engaged in learning a second language. The majority of respondents reported using popular language-learning applications such as Duolingo and Memrise, both of which are known for incorporating gamified techniques. The findings reveal that gamified learning tools significantly enhance learners' motivation and reduce performance anxiety. Participants noted that the game-like format helped them remain focused, increased their willingness to practice regularly, and made the overall experience more enjoyable. Additionally, consistent users of gamified platforms expressed greater enthusiasm for language learning and reported noticeable improvements in their language skills. While the study offers promising insights, it is limited by its small sample size and reliance on self-reported perceptions, which may not fully capture objective learning outcomes. Nevertheless, the research underscores the potential of gamified learning as an effective strategy for encouraging sustained, autonomous, and enjoyable language learning. Future studies with larger and more diverse samples are recommended to validate and expand upon these findings.
In a world of growing technologically accessibility, limitless options and unprecedented digital ... more In a world of growing technologically accessibility, limitless options and unprecedented digital convenience, staggering paradigm shifts in consumerism can be observed in comparison to prior generations. Consumerism, the core objective, driving online markets, businesses and conglomerates target an emerging cohort, i.e: Generation Z and the aforementioned demographic as revealed by the study is currently experiencing the impact of consumerism, specifically on their short-term and long-term happiness. The study follows a quantitative approach by employing an online survey to examine the relationship between consumerism and happiness among Gen Z and underlying nuances. The study presents a critical analysis of 27 Gen Z respondents, between the 18-25 years of age, show-casing that buying consumer goods brings short-term gratification to Gen Z. However, it also posits an underlying consumer guilt among Gen Z for spending, underscoring a level of awareness to consumption habits. The study also further explores the willingness of the Gen Z demographic to recalibrate their spending routines and how despite such radial awareness; there exists a discrepancy in Gen Z belief and behavior when it comes to consumerism and capitalistic trends.
SPIRAL OF SILENCE AND WORKPLACE HARASSMENT IN A PAKISTANI PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANIZATION , 2025
Modern organizations are structured to engage individuals in exchange for their skills and labor,... more Modern organizations are structured to engage individuals in exchange for their skills and labor, with the ultimate aim of achieving defined institutional goals. However, beneath this formal arrangement lie complex and often troubling internal dynamics, including workplace harassment and exploitation. This qualitative study investigates the lived experiences of employees within a Pakistani public sector organization, focusing on the psychological and social impact of workplace harassment. Drawing on in-depth interviews with seven employees (five females and two males), the study reveals a consistent pattern of fear among victims-particularly the fear of social rejection, professional isolation, and retaliation from perpetrators. These fears contribute to a culture of silence, where individuals choose to endure mistreatment rather than risk the consequences of speaking out. The findings underscore the urgent need for effective organizational mechanisms to address harassment, protect victims, and promote a safer, more inclusive work environment.
The AI Revolution in Media, Redefining Journalism Education and Professional Practice from Classroom to Newsroom in Pakistan, 2025
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed almost every field including journalism reshaping bo... more Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed almost every field including journalism reshaping both journalism education and its professional practices. Classroom and Newsroom both is undergoing through the revolutionary phase transforming from classical practices to the modern approaches driven by artificial intelligence. AI has redefined journalistic practices and academic culture in various aspects across the globe. This study’s Population is precisely focused on mass communication, journalism, media students and practitioners. Six research questions and five research hypotheses directed the study. Technological Determinism Theory of Marshall MacLuhan is utilized in this deductive study which argues that technology is the key driver of societal change including media practices and education. To undertake this, Quantitative and descriptive survey research design is applied. The quota sampling technique is utilized to select a sample of 100 respondents including 50 media practitioners and 50 media students in Islamabad. Likert type rating scale questionnaire is utilized to assemble data from the students and practationers. Descriptive statistics of male and female counts and percentage is employed to scrutinize the demographic statistics and are presented in bar graphs. Findings of this study revealed that AI is beneficial for journalism students in preparing their assignments, notes, presentations, and quizzes. AI is also beneficial for journalism practitioners while taking its assistance for news script writing, researching for talkshows, morning shows, attention grabbing and attractive visuals, precisely in pre-production, production, and post-production.
Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works, 2025
The purpose of this research is to survey the influence of AI and Digital Media trends, algorithm... more The purpose of this research is to survey the influence of AI and Digital Media trends, algorithms and bigdata on media studies students in Islamabad Universities including NUST, NUML, AIOU, FAUST, FJWU and Bahria University while analysing shift in Agenda Setting and narrative building. Two research questions and three research hypotheses led the study. Uses and gratification theory is used in this deductive research. To accomplish this, Quantitative and the descriptive survey research design is employed. The study focused on undergraduate, masters and doctoral students of Media studies, Mass Communication and Journalism in Islamabad Universities. The stratified sampling technique is utilized to select a sample of 200 students. Likert Type Rating Scale Questionnaire is employed to assemble data from the students. Descriptive statistics of male and female counts and percentage is utilized to scrutinize the demographic statistics. The study's conclusions shed light on how new technologies particularly artificial intelligence (AI), digital media trends, algorithms, and big data are changing the theoretical and practical frameworks that media students in Islamabad use to set agendas and create stories. The study's local focus offers contextually pertinent insights into how Pakistani media students understand and assimilate worldwide digital trends. Research findings revealed that Pakistan's distinct cultural, political, and economic characteristics such as differences in internet access, laws governing the media, and sociopolitical sensitivities modify the impact of artificial intelligence and digital trends in subtle ways. Through their narrative practices, students actively negotiate, adapt, and occasionally oppose the forces of digital influence rather than being passive recipients of it.
Physical Education, Health and Social Sciences, 2025
Violence and strife are realistically shown in online games. This study delves at the ways radica... more Violence and strife are realistically shown in online games. This study delves at the ways radicals impact gamers through various forms of media. One possible source of fuel for media warfare is the normalization of violence in video games through their narratives and interactions. Addiction to online gaming is on the rise in Pakistan, especially among adults who use it as a way to escape from every day stressors. To further understand the phenomenon and how it affects family functioning and self-control, this study will take a quantitative approach, conduct a survey with adults who are currently battling an addiction to internet gaming. The results of the study will shed light on the origin, effects, and potential remedies of adult's addiction to online gaming in Pakistan. It is intended that the findings of this study would aid in the creation of efficient therapies to address the problem and enhance family functioning and the capacity for self-control in addicts. A self-administered questionnaire was utilized to gather information from 400 adult's gamers, ages 18 to 40, using a cross-sectional survey design. The findings show that the addiction to online games was strongly correlated with dysfunctional families and poor self-control. Participants who had a poor family function and had a trouble controlling their impulses were more likely to develop an addiction to online games.
International Research Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, 2025
Quantum entanglement is one of the phenomena in quantum mechanics that plays a crucial role in se... more Quantum entanglement is one of the phenomena in quantum mechanics that plays a crucial role in securing communication systems and preserving cultural heritage. This research explores the groundbreaking capacity of quantum entanglement in revolutionizing both conversation protection and cultural history preservation. Quantum entanglement, a core phenomenon of quantum mechanics, offers exceptional possibilities for relaxed conversation thru Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), presenting near-unbreakable encryption to protect sensitive data from eavesdropping and cyber threats. Concurrently, emerging quantum imaging strategies, together with quantum holography, offer modern answers for the protection of cultural historical past with the aid of allowing especially accurate 3-d representations of artifacts, hence safeguarding historical treasures for destiny generations. by way of studying each the theoretical and practical applications of quantum technology, this looks at aims to bridge the distance and gap between the cutting-edge science and real-world solutions for media verbal exchange and cultural conservation. Through a
JOURNAL OF APPLIED LINGUISTICS AND TESOL (JALT), 2025
Privacy on social networking platforms is a crucial topic, especially privacy management on a pop... more Privacy on social networking platforms is a crucial topic, especially privacy management on a popular social media platform such as Facebook, which needs critical consideration. In this regard, this study investigated "Demographic Differences on Facebook Privacy Management." It employed a purposive sampling technique and surveyed 200 respondents. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS, including both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results indicated that the respondents revealed significant differences based on their demographics, including age and gender, in their Facebook privacy management. Therefore, everyone should be aware of privacy management. Facebook users should be made safe by the Facebook administration and their users. It is recommended that users carefully share their information on Facebook so that they do not face any infringement of their privacy rights. Finally, recommendations and limitations are discussed.
Special effects are a defining feature of modern filmmaking, transforming imaginative ideas into ... more Special effects are a defining feature of modern filmmaking, transforming imaginative ideas into visually stunning and believable cinematic experiences. At the core of these effects lies the science of physics, which provides the tools and principles necessary to simulate motion, light, sound, and complex natural phenomena. Physics enables filmmakers to depict events and environments that would otherwise be impossible to capture, such as intergalactic travel, massive explosions, or fluid-like motions of water and fire. One of the most prominent applications of physics in filmmaking is the use of Newton's laws of motion to create realistic movement. Whether animating characters in films like The Incredible or choreographing car chases in the Fast & Furious franchise, these laws ensure that objects behave naturally under forces like gravity, friction, and inertia. Similarly, the manipulation of light through techniques like ray tracing allows filmmakers to mimic the way light interacts with surfaces, creating realistic shadows, reflections, and highlights. The integration of electromagnetism is another fascinating aspect of special effects, particularly in superhero films like Iron Man and X-Men. Visual effects teams use principles such as Maxwell's equations to simulate energy beams, shields, and other phenomena, enhancing the believability of superpowers. Similarly, large-scale destruction scenes in disaster movies like San Andreas depend on structural mechanics and fluid dynamics to model the behavior of buildings and landscapes under extreme forces. Advances in computational physics have further expanded the possibilities for special effects, enabling filmmakers to simulate increasingly complex systems with unparalleled precision. From the movement of interstellar objects to the fine details of an erupting volcano, these technologies allow for breathtaking visuals that captivate audiences worldwide. The application of physics in filmmaking is essential for creating realistic and immersive special effects. By blending scientific principles with artistic creativity, filmmakers can push the boundaries of visual storytelling, bringing extraordinary ideas to life on screen. As technology and scientific understanding continue to evolve, the role of physics in special effects will undoubtedly grow, driving innovation and enriching the cinematic experience.
The Critical Review of Social Sciences Studies, 2025
This qualitative study explores the relation between constellations and culture. Constellations s... more This qualitative study explores the relation between constellations and culture. Constellations served not only as celestial markers for navigation but also as integral components of cultural identity across civilizations. Through in-depth interviews with individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds, this research explores how constellations have influenced cultural values, traditions, and beliefs.
Instagram has a very high number of monthly-active users that is more than 400 million, the numbe... more Instagram has a very high number of monthly-active users that is more than 400 million, the number of shared faces is around 80 million and nearly about 3.5 likes daily. A high percentage of people post their lives on Instagram so that they can be viewed, seen and admired. This causes people to judge, comment and at times try to copy what they see on Instagram. Thus this comparing causes "mental health issues, anxiety, depression, lowered self-esteem and socialcomparison". As social media, Instagram, has become most important part of every individual especially among youth. It is important to study and analyze the impact that it brings among youth and culture it imparts. Instagram have grown rapidly in past few years. Its effects are yet unclear whether it is creating a sense of social-comparison among people and leading to mental health issues. The main idea of carrying out this study is to look for the effect of Instagram usage among individual, social depression/anxiety and comparing themselves with others. We have used the basics of social-comparison theory and Five-system model. We carried out a onlinesurvey for this study (N=404). The whole set of data was transferred to SPSS software of Instagram users. The recent studies affirms and proves that the high usage of social platforms has major consequences as it leads to anxiety, stress and various health related issues. To lower the bad effects the research shows the role that self-esteem and social-comparison can play. The people with high self-esteem and tends to be less effected by social media usage. Thus proposes that to higher self-esteem could be used improve the social-comparison developed among youth. The research is aimed to find whether Instagram usage is leading youth towards social comparisons and to identify the correlation between factors, i.e. mental health and social comparison caused by Instagram usage. Also, it has been observed that social-comparison can cause mental health issues and colorism. As per studies nearly 88% of youth are engaged in social comparisons caused by Instagram and most of these are suffering with upwardcomparison. Moreover, this research study suggests that there is a strong relation between Instagram usage and social comparison, causing mental health issues i.e social anxiety and depression. Instagram usage appeared to influence the psychological health of individual, the individuals with more usage faced higher mental issues and with high self-esteem the social comparison effect showed a change. The relationship between Instagram usage and socialcomparison was studied and it regulated to extent as it created the direct relation among the users.
Suicidal hanging in Pakistan: an exploratory two-year content analysis study
International Review of Psychiatry, Nov 22, 2023
Suicidal hanging is common in Pakistan and is considered a serious challenge globally. We conduct... more Suicidal hanging is common in Pakistan and is considered a serious challenge globally. We conducted a content analysis of reports about suicidal hangings published in six English-language newspapers in Pakistan between 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2022, employing a web-searching technique. 124 news reports were yielded; suicidal authors were males (68.5%), Muslims (69.4%), and unmarried (31.4%), aged 16- 30 years old. Ligatures employed in hanging suicides were ropes (28.2%), fabrics (20.9%), and electric wires (20.1%). The most frequent leverage-points selected in suicides were ceiling fans (37%) followed by trees (11.2%). Familial discords (19.2%) and poverty (9.6%) were the leading risk factors for hanging suicide. Most of the suicides (58%) occurred equally in the spring (29%) and autumn (29%) months. These evidences suggest that psychological interventions on families are crucial. Also, dealing with poverty and other social consequences in Pakistan as in the rest of the world may probably reduce the rate of yearly suicides.
The rise of streaming platforms like Netflix has revolutionized the way youth consume media. With... more The rise of streaming platforms like Netflix has revolutionized the way youth consume media. With thousands of movies and TV shows at their fingertips, young viewers have unprecedented access to programming that contains explicit violence. The potential impact of this exposure is a growing concern for parents, educators, and researchers alike. This research paper aims to explore the relationship between violence in media, specifically in Netflix programming, and its effect on youth. Drawing on existing literature and primary data collected through surveys and interviews, the paper investigates the potential effects of violent media on young viewers. The literature review examines various theories and empirical studies that have explored the impact of media violence on youth, including desensitization, aggressive behavior, and desensitization to real-life violence. The primary data collected includes surveys and interviews with young people who are regular viewers of Netflix programming that contains violence. The findings of the study suggest a correlation between exposure to violent media and negative outcomes for youth, including increased aggression, desensitization to violence, and a reduced ability to empathize with victims of violence. However, the study also finds that not all youth are affected equally by exposure to violent media and that individual differences and contextual factors can moderate the effects of violent media. The implications of these findings are discussed, including the importance of responsible media consumption, parental monitoring, and potential regulatory measures. The paper concludes by suggesting avenues for future research in this area and highlights the importance of ongoing dialogue and collaboration between researchers, policymakers, and media producers to promote healthier media consumption habits for young people.
Man-made intelligence is the course of human insight executed by machines. Artificial intelligenc... more Man-made intelligence is the course of human insight executed by machines. Artificial intelligence advances the maintainable and robust utilization of assets. Information-driven organizations can upgrade choices and empower more exact expectations (Anastasi et al., 2021). In particular, a further developed computerized change procedure creates information from enormous datasets. In this way, executing artificial intelligence cycles will further develop bank representatives' efficiency. This paper includes monetary and non-monetary data to acquire a dependable image of organizations' presentations, and the yearly report is one of the principal hotspots for the dynamic course of financial backers in the monetary market. Hence, this exploration depends on the examination of 130 yearly reports for each of the 15 Jordanian-recorded banks from the timeframe of 2014-2022. Results suggested that AI has revolutionized algorithmic trading in financial markets. Algorithmic trading is the practice of using automated, computer-based systems to execute high-frequency and complex trading strategies. AI-driven trading algorithms can analyze massive volumes of historical and real-time data, identify patterns, and make split-second trading decisions. Results also suggest a clear upward trend in the increase in AI opportunities over the years, with values generally increasing from left to right. In 2014, the rise in AI opportunities was relatively low, at around 5.4.
Fake Beauty Standards: Snapchat Usage among Pakistani Women
Forman Journal of Humanities , 2023
Technology has become a very significant part of our lives. This research examines the photo base... more Technology has become a very significant part of our lives. This research examines the photo based activity of snapchat lenses and its negative impacts on Pakistani women as its adaptation has been remarkably growing for the past few years. Through Uses and Gratification theory, which discusses how people use media to satisfy their needs, this study analyzes and pinpoints how Snapchat Lenses are being used by people to satisfy the need for beauty. Based on quantitative online survey, we gather 435 responses from active snapchat users through snowball sampling technique. The majority of snapchat active users was this study concluded that that the women are using lenses to gratify their needs Personal identity, Quick Beautification, Instant communication through sharing Snaps and Effortless instant beauty Lenses. It is also found that this app causing a self-dissatisfactory effect in them too. 88.51% respondents lies between the age more than 18 years but less than 25 years, 70.57% respondents were from undergraduate level, 4.37% users use snapchat for video calling purpose specifically, 41.61% are using Snapchat from more than 3 years but less 4 years, 31.49% snapchat users tends to seem prettier than the other social media platform users and 87.39% strongly agreed with the fact that yes these beautification filters are causing such negativity in women towards themselves.
This study examines the COVID-19 related lockdown episodes. All that inspired negative self-relev... more This study examines the COVID-19 related lockdown episodes. All that inspired negative self-relevant feelings, as people were fearful, uncertain, stressed and anxious to know more and more about this newly introduced epidemic. At that time, mass media came forward with the responsibility of informing, educating and making aware the people. Mass media have broadly covered COVID-19, giving data on the conceivable spread, malady indications, safeguards, and essential measures to contaminate the illness. Media at each level and each sort contributed to the mindfulness campaign against COVID-19. Nevertheless, people's responses were diverse within the lockdown days to contain the illness and after the lockdown towards the media substance and its messages. The overview strategy has been utilized to evaluate the focus on the public's reaction within the chosen populace, and a suitable factual strategy has been utilized to create comes about and conclusions. This study uses 417 survey responses, from which 75% of males and 25% of females were analyzed. Our study shows that during pre-lockdown time, media coverage was more focused on COVID-19 news, their precautions, SOPs' follow-up instructions, and current worldwide updates about covid-19 situation. In Pakistan, we observed that pre-lockdown time strictness is much different than post-lockdown.
Suicidal hanging in Pakistan: an exploratory two-year content analysis study
Suicidal hanging is common in Pakistan and is considered a serious challenge globally. We conduct... more Suicidal hanging is common in Pakistan and is considered a serious challenge globally. We conducted a content analysis of reports about suicidal hangings published in six English-language newspapers in Pakistan between 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2022, employing a web-searching technique.
124 news reports were yielded; suicidal authors were males (68.5%), Muslims (69.4%), and unmarried (31.4%), aged 16- 30 years old. Ligatures employed in hanging suicides were ropes (28.2%), fabrics (20.9%), and electric wires (20.1%). The most frequent leverage-points selected in suicides were ceiling fans (37%) followed by trees (11.2%). Familial discords (19.2%) and poverty (9.6%) were the leading risk factors for hanging suicide. Most of the suicides (58%) occurred equally in the spring (29%) and autumn (29%) months. These evidences suggest that psychological interventions on families are crucial. Also, dealing with poverty and other social consequences in Pakistan as in the rest of the world may probably reduce the rate of yearly suicides.
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124 news reports were yielded; suicidal authors were males (68.5%), Muslims (69.4%), and unmarried (31.4%), aged 16- 30 years old. Ligatures employed in hanging suicides were ropes (28.2%), fabrics (20.9%), and electric wires (20.1%). The most frequent leverage-points selected in suicides were ceiling fans (37%) followed by trees (11.2%). Familial discords (19.2%) and poverty (9.6%) were the leading risk factors for hanging suicide. Most of the suicides (58%) occurred equally in the spring (29%) and autumn (29%) months. These evidences suggest that psychological interventions on families are crucial. Also, dealing with poverty and other social consequences in Pakistan as in the rest of the world may probably reduce the rate of yearly suicides.