C++中使用protobuf

C++中使用protobuf

环境：

protobuf: v27.3(2024-08-01)
abseil: 20240722.0

1. 下载源码

git clone https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf.git
cd protobuf
git submodule update --init --recursive

2. 编译源码

# configure shared lib
cmake -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=14 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=install -Dprotobuf_BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON -B build

# compile
cmake --build build --config Release

# install
cmake --install build --config Release

install目录结构

tree
.
+--- bin
|   +--- abseil_dll.dll
|   +--- libprotobuf-lite.dll
|   +--- libprotobuf.dll
|   +--- libprotoc.dll
|   +--- protoc-gen-upb.exe
|   +--- protoc-gen-upbdefs.exe
|   +--- protoc-gen-upb_minitable.exe
|   +--- protoc.exe
+--- cmake
+--- include
+--- lib

3. 编写通讯录addressbook.proto

syntax = "proto3";

package com.test;

message Person {
  string name = 1;
  int32 age = 2;
  string phone = 3;
}

message AddressBook{
    repeated Person people = 1;
}

4. 编译

protoc -I=. --cpp_out=. addressbook.proto

tree
.
+--- addressbook.pb.cc
+--- addressbook.pb.h
+--- addressbook.proto
+--- protoc.exe

5. C++中使用

main.cpp

#include <iostream>

#include "addressbook.pb.h"

using namespace com::test;

void printfAddressBook(const AddressBook& addressbook, const char* str = "") 
{
  for (int i = 0; i < addressbook.people_size(); ++i) 
  {
    const Person& person = addressbook.people(i);
    printf("%s - name: %s, age: %d, phone: %s\n", str, person.name().c_str(), person.age(), person.phone().c_str());
  }
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    AddressBook addressbook1;
    Person* person1 = addressbook1.add_people();
    person1->set_name("xiaoming");
    person1->set_age(30);
    person1->set_phone("13012345678");
    Person* person2 = addressbook1.add_people();
    person2->set_name("xiaohong");
    person2->set_age(31);
    person2->set_phone("13112345678");
    printfAddressBook(addressbook1, "AddressBook");

    // Serialize
    std::string serializeData = addressbook1.SerializeAsString();
    std::cout << "SerializeAsString - " << serializeData.c_str() << std::endl;

    // Parse
    AddressBook addressbook2;
    addressbook2.ParseFromString(serializeData);

    printfAddressBook(addressbook2, "ParseFromString");

    getchar();

    return 0;
}

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)

project(main)

include_directories(.) # addressbook.pb.h

# protobuf
add_definitions(-DPROTOBUF_USE_DLLS)
include_directories(include)
link_directories(lib)

add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} main.cpp addressbook.pb.cc)

target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} libprotobuf abseil_dll)

目录结构

tree
.
+--- include
+--- lib
+--- addressbook.pb.cc
+--- addressbook.pb.h
+--- addressBook.proto
+--- CMakeLists.txt
+--- main.cpp

6. 结果

AddressBook - name: xiaoming, age: 30, phone: 13012345678
AddressBook - name: xiaohong, age: 31, phone: 13112345678
SerializeAsString -

xiaoming13012345678

xiaohong13112345678
ParseFromString - name: xiaoming, age: 30, phone: 13012345678
ParseFromString - name: xiaohong, age: 31, phone: 13112345678