C++中protobuf 动态加载.proto文件

C++中protobuf 动态加载.proto文件

环境：

protobuf: v27.3(2024-08-01)
abseil: 20240722.0

前言

protobuf动态加载.proto文件，可以不生成cpp文件的情况下操作Message对象。
动态加载方式的性能会稍差一些。

1. 通讯录 addressbook.proto

addressbook.proto

syntax = "proto3";

option optimize_for = LITE_RUNTIME;  // MessageLite

package com.test;

message Person {
  string name = 1;
  int32 age = 2;
  string phone = 3;
}

message AddressBook {
  repeated Person people = 1;
}

2. C++中测试动态加载.proto文件并输出json

main.cpp

#include <iostream>

#include <google/protobuf/compiler/importer.h>
#include <google/protobuf/dynamic_message.h>

#include <google/protobuf/util/json_util.h> // MessageToJsonString JsonStringToMessage


int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    // 1. Setup Importer to dynamically load .proto files
    google::protobuf::compiler::DiskSourceTree sourceTree;
    sourceTree.MapPath("", ".");
    google::protobuf::compiler::MultiFileErrorCollector* errorCollector = nullptr;
    google::protobuf::compiler::Importer importer(&sourceTree, errorCollector);

    // 2. Import the .proto file
    const google::protobuf::FileDescriptor* addressBookFileDescriptor = importer.Import("addressbook.proto");
    if (!addressBookFileDescriptor) 
    {
    std::cerr << "Failed to import .proto file." << std::endl;
    return -1;
    }

    // 3. Find the message descriptor
    const google::protobuf::Descriptor* addressBookMessageDescriptor = addressBookFileDescriptor->FindMessageTypeByName("AddressBook");
    if (!addressBookMessageDescriptor) {
    std::cerr << "Message type 'AddressBook' not found in .proto file." << std::endl;
    return -1;
    }

    // 4. Create a dynamic message
    google::protobuf::DynamicMessageFactory factory;
    const google::protobuf::Message* prototype = factory.GetPrototype(addressBookMessageDescriptor);
    google::protobuf::Message* message = prototype->New();

    // 5. JSON to PB Message
    std::string jsonStr = R"({"people":[{"name":"xiaoming","age":30,"phone":"13012345678"}]})";
    google::protobuf::json::JsonStringToMessage(jsonStr, message);
    
    // 6. printf PB JSON
    std::string result;
    google::protobuf::json::MessageToJsonString(*message, &result);
    std::cout << "Dynamic Message From JSON - " << result << std::endl;

    // 7. clear
    delete message;

    getchar();
    return 0;
}

CMakeLists.txt

动态加载依赖libprotoc

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)

project(main)

# protobuf
add_definitions(-DPROTOBUF_USE_DLLS)
include_directories(include)
link_directories(lib)

add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} main.cpp)

target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} libprotoc libprotobuf abseil_dll)

目录结构

tree
.
+--- addressbook.proto
+--- CMakeLists.txt
+--- include
+--- lib
+--- main.cpp

3. 结果

Dynamic Message From JSON - {"people":[{"name":"xiaoming","age":30,"phone":"13012345678"}]}