Android学习实践：5.菜单与对话框，系统信息及结束进程

 打开res/values/strings.xml，加入显示菜单所需要的字符串：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <string name="app_name">Demo1</string>
    <string name="hello_world">Hello world!</string>
    <string name="action_settings">设置</string>
    <string name="action_about">关于</string>
    <string name="action_exit">退出</string>
    <string name="action_openactivity">打开另一个</string>
    <string name="action_phoneCall">打电话</string>
    <string name="action_sendSMS">发短信</string>
</resources>

打开res/menu/main.xml，加入菜单项：

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    tools:context="com.example.demo1.MainActivity" >

    <item
        android:id="@+id/action_settings"
        android:orderInCategory="100"
        android:title="@string/action_settings"
        app:showAsAction="never"/>
    <item
        android:id="@+id/action_about"
        android:orderInCategory="100"
        android:title="@string/action_about"
        app:showAsAction="never"/>
    <item
        android:id="@+id/action_exit"
        android:orderInCategory="100"
        android:title="@string/action_exit"
        app:showAsAction="never"/>            
</menu>

打开MainActivity.java，修改onOptionItemSelected方法：

	@Override
	public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)
	{
		// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
		// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
		// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
		int id = item.getItemId();
		if (id == R.id.action_settings)
		{
			return true;
		}
		switch(id)
		{
		case R.id.action_about:
			StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
			sb.append("手机型号：".concat(android.os.Build.MODEL).concat("\n"));
			sb.append("SDK版本：".concat(Integer.toString(android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT)).concat("\n"));
			sb.append("系统版本：".concat(android.os.Build.VERSION.RELEASE).concat("\n"));
			sb.append("源码控制版本：".concat(android.os.Build.VERSION.INCREMENTAL).concat("\n"));
			AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
			builder.setTitle(R.string.app_name);
			builder.setMessage(sb.toString());
			builder.setPositiveButton("确定",null);
			builder.create().show();
			break;
		case R.id.action_exit:
			android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
			break;
		}
		return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
	}

运行后按手机上的菜单键后如下图：

MainActivity.onOptionsItemSelected方法的参数就是当前选中的菜单项，通过item.getItemId()返回菜单项的Id，这个和menu/main.xml中定义的是相对应的。其中，action_exit会响应退出菜单将进程结束，调用了android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid())，而action_about则响应关于菜单调用对话框来显示系统的部分信息，对话框则使用了AlertDialog.Builder.