django-rest-swagger显示接口备注内容

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最新推荐文章于 2025-06-21 20:28:50 发布

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分类专栏： Python Django

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41856814/article/details/108227295

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本文详细介绍如何在Django REST框架中集成Swagger，实现API文档的自动生成。通过安装django-rest-swagger包，配置settings.py，注释views.py中的方法，并设置urls.py，最终在浏览器中访问指定URL即可查看详细的API文档。

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Swagger是一個API開發者的工具框架，用於生成、描述、調用和可視化RESTful風格的Web服務。總體目標是使客戶端和文件系統服務器以同樣的速度來更新，方法，參數和模型緊密集成到服務器端的代碼中，允許API始終保持同步。

在使用 django-rest-framework 進行API開發，可以使用django-rest-swagger接入swagger自動生成接口文檔。

1. 安裝django-rest-swagger

pip install django-rest-swagger

2.配置settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...

    ‘rest_framework_swagger‘

    ...
]


REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework.authentication.TokenAuthentication',
    ),
    'DEFAULT_SCHEMA_CLASS':
        'rest_framework.schemas.AutoSchema',
    'DEFAULT_PARSER_CLASSES': [
    'rest_framework.parsers.FormParser',
    'rest_framework.parsers.MultiPartParser',
    'rest_framework.parsers.JSONParser',]
}

3. views.py

該博文的項目是django-rest-framework中文站點的例子：https://q1mi.github.io/Django-REST-framework-documentation

當需要對接口的各種方法進行註釋時，直接在該類下添加註釋，如下所示。需要註意是的：註釋的方法名稱（如 get、post）要對應該類所含的方法名稱

class SnippetList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    """
    get:
        Return all snippets.
    post:
        Create a new snippet instance.
    """

    queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
    serializer_class = SnippetSerializer
    permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly,)

    def perform_create(self, serializer):
        serializer.save(owner=self.request.user)


class SnippetDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    """
    get:
        Return a snippet instance.
    put:
        Update a snippet instance.
    patch:
        Update a snippet instance.
    delete:
        Delete a snippet instance.
    """
    queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
    serializer_class = SnippetSerializer
    permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly, IsOwnerOrReadOnly,)


class UserList(generics.ListAPIView):
    """
    get:
        Return all users
    """
    queryset = MyUser.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer


class UserDetail(generics.RetrieveAPIView):
    """
    get:
        Return a user instance
    """
    queryset = MyUser.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer


class SnippetHighlight(generics.GenericAPIView):
    """
    get:
        Return a highlight instance
    """
    queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
    renderer_classes = (renderers.StaticHTMLRenderer,)

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        snippet = self.get_object()
        return Response(snippet.highlighted)

在使用ModelViewSet时，用get/post/patch/会存在问题

所以需要看其django-restful源码，找到方法名：

class QR_result_table_ViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    retrieve: 
        Update a snippet instance.
    update:
        Update a snippet instance.
    partial_update:
        partial_update a snippet instance.
    destroy:
        Delete a snippet instance.
    """
    queryset = QR_result_table.objects.all()
    serializer_class = QR_result_table_Serializer
    pagination_class = ListPagination
    filter_backends = (filters.DjangoFilterBackend,)
    filter_class = QR_result_table_Filter

3.配置urls.py

from rest_framework.schemas import get_schema_view
from rest_framework_swagger.renderers import SwaggerUIRenderer, OpenAPICodec
schema_view = get_schema_view(title=‘API‘, renderer_classes=[SwaggerUIRenderer, OpenAPICodec])

urlpatterns = [
    
    ...

    url(r‘docs/‘, schema_view, name=‘docs‘)

    ...
]

運行manage.py後，瀏覽器訪問 http://127.0.0.1:8000/，可以看到以下內容：

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