SpringCloud入门(十七) ------使用DiscoveryClient实现轮询策略负载均衡

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-24 22:07:34 发布

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本文详细介绍了如何使用Maven搭建项目并管理依赖，包括Spring Boot、MyBatis等框架的集成。同时，深入探讨了服务治理策略，如轮询负载均衡的实现及与Eureka客户端的整合。

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创建maven项目，导入依赖：

父Pom 管理的jar包版本:

   <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
        <durid.version>1.1.11</durid.version>
        <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.1.1</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
    </properties>

    <!-- 子模块继承后，提供作用：锁定版本+子模块不用写groupId 和 version -->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>${durid.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.3</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <finalName>jym-springCloud-parent</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <fork>true</fork>
                    <addResources>true</addResources>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

pom：

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

在启动类所扫描的包内，创建实现轮询的接口以及实现类(否则扫描不到):

在这里插入图片描述

LoadBalancer接口: 通过DiscoveryClient类得到的list，来返回一个应该调用的服务uri

public interface LoadBalancer {
    ServiceInstance instance(List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstanceList);
}

实现类:

@Component
public class MyLb implements LoadBalancer{

    private AtomicInteger atomicInteger = new AtomicInteger(0);

    public final int getAndIncrement () {
        int current;
        int next;
        do {
            current = this.atomicInteger.get();
            next = current > Integer.MAX_VALUE ? 0 : current + 1;
        } while (!this.atomicInteger.compareAndSet(current,next));
        System.out.println("*********************"+next);
        return next;
    }

    @Override
    public ServiceInstance instance(List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstanceList) {
        int index = getAndIncrement() % serviceInstanceList.size();
        return serviceInstanceList.get(index);
    }
}

配置类: 将RestTemplate 装配进IOC容器

@Configuration
public class JymConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

controller层：通过 DiscoveryClient获取所有可用的服务列表，然后通过轮询策略得到应该调用的服务的uri，最后通过 RestTemplate 调用

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Resource
    private LoadBalancer loadBalancer;

    @Resource
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/lb")
    public String getPaymentLb () {
        List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("JYM-PROVIDER-PAYMENT");
        if (instances == null || instances.size() <=0) {
            return null;
        }
        ServiceInstance instance = loadBalancer.instance(instances);
        URI uri = instance.getUri();
        return restTemplate.getForObject(uri+"/payment/lb",String.class);
    }
    
}