没有core文件时定位segfault at 0 ip 的问题（一）

C/C++编写的程序，崩溃后有时不能生成core文件（即使设置了ulimited)，所以往往不知道发生了什么事情，生产环境根本不允许研发小朋友去调试，日志有时候看不出问题了。（如果生成了core文件，或通过日志能定位到问题所以，则可略过此文章）。

本文章专门针对于没有生成core文件、不能通过日志分析问题的情况

第一步：写一段测试代码吧，main.cpp:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <memory.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <ucontext.h>
#include <dlfcn.h>
#include <execinfo.h>
#include <thread>
#include <chrono>
#include <vector>
#include <functional>
#include <iomanip>
#include <mutex>
#include <random>

using namespace std;

void sigsegv_handler(int signum)
{
    std::cout<<"catch signal:"<<signum<<endl;
    void *buffer[1024*1024*10];
    char **strings;
    int j,nptrs;
    nptrs=backtrace(buffer,1024*1024*10);
    cout<<"backtrace returned address:"<<nptrs<<endl;
    strings=backtrace_symbols(buffer,nptrs);
    if (strings!=NULL)
    {
        for(j=0;j<nptrs;++j)
        {
            cout<<strings[j]<<endl;
        }
    }
    free(strings);
}

static void  catch_sigsegv()
{
   struct sigaction action;
   memset(&action, 0, sizeof(action));
   action.sa_handler=sigsegv_handler;
   action.sa_flags=SA_NODEFER|SA_RESETHAND;

    if (sigaction(SIGSEGV, &action, NULL) != 0) { cout<<"sig_action error"<<endl; }
    if (sigaction(SIGFPE,  &action, NULL) != 0) { cout<<"sig_action error"<<endl; }
    if (sigaction(SIGINT,  &action, NULL) != 0) { cout<<"sig_action error"<<endl; }
    if (sigaction(SIGILL,  &action, NULL) != 0) { cout<<"sig_action error"<<endl; }
    if (sigaction(SIGTERM, &action, NULL) != 0) { cout<<"sig_action error"<<endl; }
    if (sigaction(SIGABRT, &action, NULL) != 0) { cout<<"sig_action error"<<endl; }
    if (sigaction(SIGSEGV, &action, NULL) != 0) { cout<<"sig_action error"<<endl; }
}

std::mutex m_mutex;
void *thread_entry(int thread_index)
{
    unsigned long index=0;
    std::default_random_engine e;
    e.seed(thread_index);

    while(true){
       auto random_value=e();
       if(random_value%123==0){
            int *p=nullptr;
            *p=10;
        }
        {
            auto t=std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(std::chrono::system_clock::now());
            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
            std::cout<<"thread_index["<<thread_index<<"]:id["<<std::this_thread::get_id()<<"]:["<<std::put_time(std::localtime(&t), "%Y-%m-%d %X")<<"]:"<<++index<<":random_value="<<random_value<<std::endl;
        }
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
    }
    return nullptr;
}

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
    //catch_sigsegv();

    std::vector<std::thread> thread_vector;
    for(int i=0;i<10;++i){
        thread_vector.push_back(std::move(std::thread(std::bind(thread_e