【Linux】Shell脚本

特殊变量

$@与$*的区别：

• $@与$*都可以使用一个变量来来表示所有的参数内容，但这两个变量之间有一些不同之处。
• $@：将输入的参数作为一个列表对象
• $*：将输入的参数作为一个单词

参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuandshao/p/7193564.html

判断表达式

文件比较运算符

字符串比较运算符

算术比较运算符

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/tiantang_1986/article/details/78281432

获取http返回值

#/bin/bash
RESULT=`curl -X POST "http://localhost:8080/rest/test?name=123"`
echo $RESULT

截取字符串

#/bin/bash
RESULT=`curl -X POST "http://localhost:8080/rest/test?name=123"`
#RESULT=11-22
FIRST=`echo $RESULT | cut -d '-' -f 1`
SECOND=`echo $RESULT | cut -d '-' -f 2`
echo $FIRST
echo $SECOND

判断文件包含文本

#/bin/bash
cat /opt/test.out | while read line
do 
	var=${line}
	echo 'var---'$var
	if [[ "$var" =~ "aaa" ]]
	then
		echo "$var includ aaa"
	elif [[ "$var" =~ "bbb" ]]
	then
		echo "$var includ bbb"
	else
		echo "nothing includ"
	fi
done

解析json

#/bin/bash
RESULT=`curl -X POST "http://localhost:8080/test"`
STATUS=`echo $RESULT | jq '.status'`
if [ $STATUS -eq 200 ];then
        NAME=`echo $RESULT | jq '.meta' | jq '.name'`
        GENDER=`echo $RESULT | jq '.meta' | jq '.gender'`
        echo $NAME
        echo $GENDER
        echo $NAME > /opt/name.json
        echo '生成name文件'
else
        echo "status: $STATUS -- something wrong"
fi

替换文本

#/bin/bash
ORIGINAL=`openssl ec -in server-ecc.key -text -noout`
echo $ORIGINAL | sed 's/://g' | sed 's/00//g' | sed 's/04//g' > server-ecc.txt

替换引号和\n

sed -i "s/\"//g" /opt/test.txt
sed -i "s/\\\n/\n/g" /opt/test.txt

替换文件夹中所有文件文本

# 将data文件下所有文件中8080替换为8088
sed -i "s/8080/8088/g" `grep 8080 -rl /data`
sed -i "s/old/new/g" `grep old -rl /folder`

读取配置文件

#/bin/bash
# 配置文件内容： test.host=10.0.0.1
HOST=`cat $PDX_HOME/conf/node.conf | grep "test.host" | awk -F'=' '{ print $2 }' | sed s/[[:space:]]//g`
echo $HOST

停止项目

#/bin/bash
PROJECT_NAME="test"
PID_LIST=`ps -ef | grep $PROJECT_NAME | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'`
if [ "$PID_LIST" = "" ]
        then
        echo "--- no $PROJECT_NAME pid alive"
else
        echo "--- $PROJECT_NAME list :$PID_LIST"
        kill  $PID_LIST
        echo "--- $PROJECT_NAME stop success"
fi

重建数据库

#!/bin/bash

ACCOUNT=root
PASSWORD=root

# delete database
mysql -h127.0.0.1 -u$ACCOUNT -p$PASSWORD -e "drop database aaa;"

# create database
mysql -h127.0.0.1 -u$ACCOUNT -p$PASSWORD -e "create database aaa default character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_unicode_ci;"

免密登陆

#!/bin/bash

IP=$1
SSH_KEY_FOLDER=/root/.ssh

# generate ssh key
if [ ! -f ${SSH_KEY_FOLDER}/id_rsa.pub ]; then
	echo 'Start to generate ssh key ...'
	# no need to input password for ssh-key
	ssh-keygen -f ${SSH_KEY_FOLDER}/id_rsa -t rsa -N ''
	# input password for ssh-key
	#ssh-keygen -t rsa
fi

# copy ssh-public-key to target ip
echo "Start to copy pub-key to ${IP} ..."
ssh-copy-id -i ${SSH_KEY_FOLDER}/id_rsa.pub root@${IP}

多线程远程执行脚本

#!/bin/bash

echo "----------START----------"
for line in $(cat server_ip.txt); do
{
	echo "----------ip：$line start----------"
	scp say-hello.sh root@$line:/root
	eval "ssh root@$line 'sh /root/say-hello.sh'"
	echo "----------ip：$line end----------"
}&
done
echo "----------END----------"

备份文件

#!/bin/bash

FILE_NAME=aa.jar
FILE_PATH=/data/app/test
DATE=`date +%F`
BAK_NAME=${FILE_NAME}.bak.${DATE}
TEMP_NAME=$BAK_NAME

for((i=1;i<=10;i++));
do
	if [ -f "${FILE_PATH}/${BAK_NAME}" ];then
		BAK_NAME=${TEMP_NAME}.${i}
	else
		cp ${FILE_PATH}/${FILE_NAME} ${FILE_PATH}/${BAK_NAME}
		break
	fi
done

自动输入账户密码

#!/usr/bin/expect -f

set IP [lindex $argv 0]
set USER [lindex $argv 1]
set PASSWORD [lindex $argv 2]

set timeout 30
#spawn ssh ${USER}@${IP}
spawn ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@${IP}

# send commond
expect {
	"yes/no" { send "yes\r"}
}
expect {
	"password" { send "${PASSWORD}\r";exp_continue}
}

# stay on remote console
#interact

需要安装expect并对脚本授权：apt install except，vim except.sh，chmod u+x except.sh

如果直接安装expect失败，可以手动安装

1. 下载tcl：wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/tcl/files/Tcl/8.4.19/tcl8.4.19-src.tar.gz/download
2. 解压tcl并进入unix：tar -zxvf download, cd tcl/unix
3. 安装tcl：sudo ./configure，sudo make， sudo make install
4. 下载expect：wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/expect/files/Expect/5.45/expect5.45.tar.gz
5. 解压expect：tar -zxvf expect-
6. 安装expect：sudo ./configure --with-tclinclude=/usr/local/src/tcl8.4.19/generic/ --with-tclconfig=/usr/local/lib/，sudo make，sudo make install

参考： https://blog.csdn.net/shimadear/article/details/93972559

占用内存

#!/bin/bash  

# 1024M
data_size=$1

mkdir /tmp/memory  
mount -t tmpfs -o size=${data_size} tmpfs /tmp/memory  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/memory/block  
sleep 3600  
rm /tmp/memory/block  
umount /tmp/memory  
rmdir /tmp/memory  

参考: https://blog.csdn.net/cangencong/article/details/74328944