通过 QPainter 绘画实现,以本地图片985*740为例
实现原理
主要通过以下函数实现:
void QPainter::drawTiledPixmap ( int x, int y, int w int h const QPixmap & pixmap, int sx = 0, int sy = 0 );
//平铺显示pixmap
//x y w h :表示绘画区域
//sx sy :表示Qpixmap绘画起始位置
只要算出x y w h sx sy就能实现超出窗口不显示的效果
举个例子,如下图所示,居中显示1200*1200时:
当图片左偏移600时,也就是offset=-600时,则只能在窗口上显示一半的图片:
2020-11-25更新
由于本笔记是当时才学QT时写的,所以图片都是指定的某资源,而不是通过QFileDialog来打开文件,如下图所示:
本用来记笔记给自己看的,结果很多参考代码的人,直接复制代码,然后忘记改图片资源,效果展示不出来,以为是代码问题.
所以更新,界面如下所示,添加了两个button,还原100%显示大小、打开文件按钮:
代码实现(直接复制粘贴到widget界面类即可)
widget.h:
#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H
#include <QWidget>
#include <QtGui>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QComboBox>
#include <QApplication>
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QImage>
class Widget : public QWidget
{
Q_OBJECT
private :
QPixmap pix;
QPixmap crtPix;
int action; //动作(放大,缩小,移动...)
int pixW; //图片宽
int pixH; //图片高
QRect Paint; //绘画区域
QImage image; //打开的图片
float ratio; //缩放比例
QPoint offset; //一次的图片偏移值
QPoint Alloffset; //总偏移
QLabel label;
QPushButton BigButton;
QPushButton LittleButton;
QPushButton LiftButton;
QPushButton RightButton;
QPushButton UpButton;
QPushButton DownButton;
QPushButton ResetButton;
QPushButton OpenButton;
void AddComboItem(QComboBox* cmbo);
bool event(QEvent * event);
void wheelEvent(QWheelEvent* e); //鼠标滑轮事件
private slots:
void onUpClicked();
void onDownClicked();
void onResetClicked();
void OnLiftClicked();
void OnRightClicked();
void onLittleClicked();
void onBigClicked();
void onOpenClicked();
void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event);
public:
explicit Widget();
enum Type {
None = 0,
Amplification ,
Shrink,
Lift,
Right,
Up,
Down,
Move,
Reset
};
};
#endif // WIDGET_H
widget.cpp:
#include "widget.h"
Widget::Widget():
Paint(10,10,810,810),
BigButton("放大",this),
LittleButton("缩小",this),
LiftButton("向左",this),
RightButton("向右",this),
UpButton("向上",this),
DownButton("向下",this),
ResetButton("还原",this),
OpenButton("打开文件",this),
Alloffset(0,0),
label("100%",this)
{
ratio= 1.0; //初始化图片缩放比例
action = Widget::None;
BigButton.setGeometry(822,10,60,25);
connect(&BigButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(onBigClicked()));
LittleButton.setGeometry(822,40,60,25);
connect(&LittleButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(onLittleClicked()));
LiftButton.setGeometry(822,70,60,25);
connect(&LiftButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(OnLiftClicked()));
RightButton.setGeometry(822,100,60,25);
connect(&RightButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(OnRightClicked()));
UpButton.setGeometry(822,130,60,25);
connect(&UpButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(onUpClicked()));
DownButton.setGeometry(822,160,60,25);
connect(&DownButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(onDownClicked()));
ResetButton.setGeometry(822,190,60,25);
connect(&ResetButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(onResetClicked()));
OpenButton.setGeometry(822,220,60,25);
connect(&OpenButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(onOpenClicked()));
label.move(840,260);
resize(890,850);
this->setWindowTitle("图片浏览器(请打开文件)");
}
bool Widget::event(QEvent * event)
{
static bool press=false;
static QPoint PreDot;
if(event->type() == QEvent::MouseButtonPress )
{
QMouseEvent *mouse = dynamic_cast<QMouseEvent* >(event);
//判断鼠标是否是左键按下,且鼠标位置是否在绘画区域
if(mouse->button()==Qt::LeftButton &&Paint.contains(mouse->pos()))
{
press=true;
QApplication::setOverrideCursor(Qt::OpenHandCursor); //设置鼠标样式
PreDot = mouse->pos();
}
}
else if(event->type() == QEvent::MouseButtonRelease)
{
QMouseEvent *mouse = dynamic_cast<QMouseEvent* >(event);
//判断鼠标是否是左键释放,且之前是在绘画区域
if(mouse->button()==Qt::LeftButton && press )
{
QApplication::setOverrideCursor(Qt::ArrowCursor); //改回鼠标样式
press=false;
}
}
if(event->type() == QEvent::MouseMove) //移动图片
{
if(press)
{
QMouseEvent *mouse = dynamic_cast<QMouseEvent* >(event);
offset.setX(mouse->x() - PreDot.x());
offset.setY(mouse->y() - PreDot.y());
PreDot = mouse->pos();
action = Widget::Move;
this->update();
}
}
return QWidget::event(event);
}
void Widget::wheelEvent(QWheelEvent* event) //鼠标滑轮事件
{
if (event->delta()>0) { //上滑,缩小
action=Widget::Shrink;
this->update();
} else { //下滑,放大
action=Widget::Amplification;
this->update();
}
event->accept();
}
void Widget::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event)
{
QPainter painter(this);
painter.setRenderHints(QPainter::SmoothPixmapTransform|QPainter::Antialiasing|QPainter::TextAntialiasing);
painter.drawRect(Paint.x()-1,Paint.y()-1,Paint.width()+1,Paint.height()+1); //画框
if(image.isNull())
{
return;
}
int NowW = ratio *pixW;
int NowH = ratio *pixH;
if(action==Widget::Shrink) //缩小
{
ratio-=0.05*ratio;
if(ratio<0.018)
ratio = 0.01;
/*显示比例*/
QString str;
str.sprintf("%.0f%",ratio*100);
label.setText(str) ;
qDebug()<<"缩小:"<<ratio;
}
else if(action==Widget::Amplification) //放大
{
ratio+=0.05*ratio;
if(ratio>4.5)
ratio = 5.000;
/*显示比例*/
QString str;
str.sprintf("%.0f%",ratio*100);
label.setText(str);
qDebug()<<"放大:"<<ratio;
}
if(action==Widget::Amplification || action==Widget::Shrink || action==Widget::Reset) //更新图片
{
NowW = ratio *pixW;
NowH = ratio *pixH;
crtPix= pix.scaled(NowW, NowH,Qt::KeepAspectRatio,Qt::SmoothTransformation); //重新装载
action=Widget::None;
}
if(action==Widget::Move) //移动
{
int offsetx=Alloffset.x()+offset.x();
Alloffset.setX(offsetx);
int offsety=Alloffset.y()+offset.y();
Alloffset.setY(offsety);
action=Widget::None;
}
if(abs(Alloffset.x())>=(Paint.width()/2 + NowW/2 -10)) //限制X偏移值
{
if(Alloffset.x()>0)
Alloffset.setX(Paint.width()/2 + NowW/2 -10);
else
Alloffset.setX(-Paint.width()/2 + -NowW/2 +10);
}
if(abs(Alloffset.y())>=(Paint.height()/2 + NowH/2 -10)) //限制Y偏移值
{
if(Alloffset.y()>0)
Alloffset.setY(Paint.height()/2 + NowH/2 -10);
else
Alloffset.setY(-Paint.height()/2 + -NowH/2 +10);
}
int x = Paint.width()/2 + Alloffset.x() -NowW/2;
if(x<0)
x=0;
int y = Paint.height()/2 + Alloffset.y() -NowH/2;
if(y<0)
y=0;
int sx = NowW/2 - Paint.width()/2 - Alloffset.x();
if(sx<0)
sx=0;
int sy = NowH/2 - Paint.height()/2 - Alloffset.y();
if(sy<0)
sy=0;
int w =(NowW - sx)>Paint.width()? Paint.width() : (NowW - sx);
if(w>(Paint.width()-x))
w = Paint.width()-x;
int h =(NowH - sy)>Paint.height()? Paint.height() : (NowH - sy);
if(h>(Paint.height()-y))
h = Paint.height()-y;
painter.drawTiledPixmap(x+Paint.x(),y+Paint.y(),w,h,crtPix,sx,sy); //绘画图形
}
void Widget::onLittleClicked()
{
action=Widget::Amplification;
this->update();
}
void Widget::onOpenClicked()
{
QString str = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this,
"open",
"D:",
"img (*.png *.jpg)");
if(!str.isNull())
{
image.load(str);
pix = pix.fromImage(image);
crtPix = pix;
pixW = image.width(); //图片宽
pixH = image.height(); //图片高
qDebug()<<str<<pixW<<pixH;
this->setWindowTitle("图片浏览器("+str+")");
onResetClicked();
}
}
void Widget::onBigClicked()
{
action=Widget::Shrink;
this->update();
}
void Widget::onUpClicked()
{
action=Widget::Move;
offset.setX(0);
offset.setY(-20);
this->update();
}
void Widget::onDownClicked()
{
action=Widget::Move;
offset.setX(0);
offset.setY(20);
this->update();
}
void Widget::onResetClicked()
{
action=Widget::Reset;
Alloffset.setX(0);
Alloffset.setY(0);
ratio = 1.000;
label.setText("100%");
this->update();
}
void Widget::OnLiftClicked()
{
action=Widget::Move;
offset.setX(-20);
offset.setY(0);
this->update();
}
void Widget::OnRightClicked()
{
action=Widget::Move;
offset.setX(20) ;
offset.setY(0) ;
this->update();
}