Glucose enters the heart via GLUT1 and GLUT4 glucose transporters. GLUT4-deficient mice
develop striking cardiac hypertrophy and die prematurely. Whether their cardiac changes …

Endotoxin, a lipopolysaccharide component of the outer membrane of gram-negative
bacteria, is involved in the pathogenesis of septic shock, but it is unclear whether endotoxin …

Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) modulate various physiological functions in many organ
systems. The TRα and TRβ isoforms are products of 2 distinct genes, and the β1 and β2 …

Background: There is suggestive evidence that neuropeptides participate in allergic
reactions. Substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are released by …

Objective: Established parameters, eg C-reactive protein (CRP), do not differentiate
specifically enough between patients developing an infection and those exhibiting an acute …

Background: The luminal surface of respiratory mucous membranes is lined with an
epithelial lining fluid (ELF) layer. Previous attempts to determine ELF volumes in airways …

Secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI) is a secreted glandular protein thought to regulate
elastase activity and, more recently, to inhibit both mast cell chymase activity and histamine …

Patients with resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) exhibit elevated thyroid hormone levels
and inappropriate thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone, or TSH) production. The …

Background: Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) induces rhinorrhea in a subset of patients with
asthma or chronic rhinosinusitis or both and nasal polyps. The underlying mechanism of the …

Defibrillation threshold (DFT) testing during implantation of the cardioverter defibrillator is
associated with hemodynamic deterioration and pump failure in many patients. We …