Development of An Improved Hydraulic Bearing Pusher and Remover
Development of An Improved Hydraulic Bearing Pusher and Remover
Volume 9, Issue 2, February – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Development of an Improved Hydraulic Bearing
Pusher and Remover
Afofu O.S.1*, Mogaji P.B.2, Akande V.O.3
1
Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
2
Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
Abstract:- This paper presents the development of an manufactured to exact precise tolerances and very fine and
improved hydraulic bearing pusher and remover that perfect surface finishes. It is of utmost importance to
uses electric motor for its operation. The conventional preserve the geometrical precision and surface integrity of
approach to removing a bearing from its shaft requires ball and roller bearing raceways, as well as the rolling
hammering or using more force which is a challenging elements (Chen, Y.et al., 2016; Khurmi and Gupta, 2005).
one. This method damages the bearing surface, may
render the bearing unusable and uses more human force. The most commonly used method (hammering) in the
The use of hydraulic system in place of this eliminates installation and removal of a bearing from a shaft, engine,
the limitation of the conventional methods of bearing etc. is tasking and tedious as it involves human effort, which
removal. The development of an electronically powered increases the chances of damaging the bearings. Moreover,
lever-operated hydraulic bearing puller makes bearing this bearing removal method can be categorized as an
removal faster, safer, require lesser human force, and occupational hazard and is unsafe. Occupational hazards
prevents damages to the bearing surface. Mild steel was have long been a concern in the engineering industry
used for the fabrication because it satisfies design (Suryawanshi, et al, 2015; Johnson et al., 2016; Kumar et
requirements for strength, stiffness, and machinability. al., 2013).
The developed hydraulic bearing pulling machine
components includes; frame, cylinder mounting table, A hydraulically operated bearing puller is a device or
hydraulic cylinder, working table/bed, hydraulic tank, machine that facilitates effortless removal of bearings from
electric motor and hand lever. Several design equations shafts, requiring minimal human effort through the
were used in the design of the machine's component utilization of a puller arrangement and supporting device.
pieces. The FEA shows a maximum stress of the (Mohan, 2015; Throat, 2013) Suryawanshi et al., (2015)
structure to be 1.613MPa which is low when compared explained hydraulic bearing puller and pusher as a valuable
to the yield strength of the material for the frame (Mild tool which is designed for the sole purpose of removing and
Steel) and its maximum factor of safety to be 1.052 installing bearings onto shafts effortlessly
which shows that the structural beam is capable of
bearing the stress without failure. The average bearing Existing hydraulic bearing pushers and removers have
removing time for the developed bearing puller was their limitations, such as being difficult to use or not being
15min which makes the developed machine a more able to handle a wide range of bearing sizes. Different
efficient and faster means of bearing remover. The hydraulic bearing pushers and removers were developed to
primary goal of this project is to reduce the amount of address the challenges faced by previous bearing pullers and
human labor, time required and eliminate damages removers (Kumar et al., 2013). These tools use hydraulic
when removing and installing a bearing. pressure to push or pull the bearing out of its housing,
making the process more efficient and less damaging.
Keyword:- Hydraulic Bearing Puller; Electric Motor, Indicating the limitation of previous bearing puller and
Directional Control Valve, Lever, Bearing Removal, removers, (Mohanraj, 2015) noted that improved bearing
Hydraulic Machines, FEA, Hydraulic Cylinder. puller and removers should be designed to meet the
following specific requirements of the application; such as
I. INTRODUCTION being able to handle a wide range of bearing sizes and being
easy to use. It was furthermore said that the design should
A bearing is a machine element mostly seen in rotating also take into account the size and weight of the tool, as well
members of a machine system that reduces friction and as its safety features. Computer-aided design (CAD)
constrains the relative motion (to the desired motion) software can be used to create a 3D model of the hydraulic
between the moving parts. Bearing is used in the steering bearing pusher and remover, which can be used to create a
system, transmission systems, engines, and other parts of an prototype. The prototype should be tested to ensure that it
automobile where rotation is involved, which makes the meets the requirements of the application and that it is safe
automobile industry the most user of bearing among others to use as advised by (Choudhury et al., 2016).
such as the aircraft industry, service centers, and places
where precision is required. Bearings are designed and
IJISRT24FEB933 www.ijisrt.com 816
Volume 9, Issue 2, February – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
(Chen et al., 2016) developed a hydraulic bearing and
removal tool that used a hydraulic cylinder and a self-
centering system to remove bearings with minimal effort Vc = 𝜋(𝑟22 − 𝑟12 )ℎ
and maximum safety. (Kim et al., 2018) developed a (2)
hydraulic bearing extractor that used a hydraulic pump and a
hydraulic ram to apply force to the bearing and remove it Where h is the height of cylinder, r1 is the internal
from the shaft. radius, r2 is the outer radius.
II. METHODOLOGY Hydraulic Press Piston Weight
The weight of piston was determined from Equation
Taking into consideration recommendation by previous (3)
researchers, the improved hydraulic puller was modelled
and designed using SolidWorks CAD application. In 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙 (𝑚)
Density of metal (ρ) =𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑛 (𝑉)𝜌
developing the puller, mild steels were been used which are
locally sourced materials. Our material selections are due to (3)
various properties of mild steels which include strength,
rigidity and machinability which are also very much
available and cost efficient. But
A. Design of Various Puller Elements Volume of piston (Vp) = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ
Some elements of the hydraulic bearing puller are (4)
developed and analyzed includes: frame, Hydraulic cylinder,
Hydraulic tank, Electric motor, Hydraulic hose, Directional Mass of Piston Mp = ρm Vp
control valve, Lever and guide. (5)
The Frame And Weight of Piston (Wp) = mp g
The frame serves as the primary structural foundation (6)
upon which the various machine elements are constructed.
Its purpose is to accommodate the Cylinder/ram assembly, Where density of metal ρm = 7850 kg/m3
the pulling components, the control valve, and the work bed.
When designing the frame, the primary factor to consider is
the tension exerted on the pillars, while the remaining Determination of Volume of Hydraulic Tank
members of the frame are subjected to a straightforward The volume of hydraulic tank was calculated using the
bending stress. In this particular case, a 6𝑚𝑚 C channel volume of rectangle in equation (7);
material has been selected. Given the inherent V = lwh
characteristics of the undertaking, the material of choice for (7)
the H-frame was mild steel, specifically IS2062 or AISI
1020. The design consideration encompasses a pair of where l is the length of the tank in metres, w is the
vertical support beams, each measuring 3 × 5 (according to width of the tank in metres, h is the height of the tank in
the ANSI standard inch), in the form of C-channels. The metres.
horizontal components consist of three components, namely:
the fixed upper platen (which provides support for the Oil Flow Rate from the Hydraulic Tank to the Hydraulic
hydraulic bottle jack), the adjustable middle platen (which Pump
carries the workpiece), and the fixed lower platen. The Using Khurmi and Gupta, (2005) the Oil flow rate of
configuration is such that the hydraulic cylinder is the hydraulic pump was determined using Equation (10):
positioned on the top platen, where it has been securely
fastened. As the hydraulic cylinders ram extends, it Q = AV
encounters the movable platen and consequently the (8)
workpiece.
where Q is the flow rate in m3/s, A is the area of pipe
Hydraulic Cylinder Design in m2, V is the velocity of flow in m/s.
The weight of hydraulic press cylinder was determined
by applying Equation (3) according to Khurmi and Gupta, Hydraulic Power Calculation
(2005) Equation 11 was used to determine the hydraulic
power of the machine,
Weight of cylinder (Wc) = ρm Vc g
(1) Hydraulic Power (Ph) = Qρgh
(9)
where Vc is the volume of cylinder
IJISRT24FEB933 www.ijisrt.com 817
Volume 9, Issue 2, February – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
where ρ is the density of oil (kg/m3), g is the because of the ease of concentration of heat. Each
acceleration due to gravity (m/s2), h is the differential head component of the machine was made separately to ease
(m), Q is the flow rate (m3/s). assembling and disassembling of the machine. The base of
the frame has a length of 365.8 mm, breadth of 365.8 mm
and thickness of 6 mm. The vertical height of the frame was
609.6 mm, breadth of 609.6 mm and thickness of 6 mm
which are all welded together to make one piece. The guide
and work bed (an adjusted type) were fabricated separately
and coupled to the frame. The frame stand was welded to
the base of the frame to provide for stability of the machine
during operations. Also, a 25L rectangular oil tank of was
fabricated and attached to the frame using bolt and nut. This
tank serves as oil reservoir needed for the hydraulic
cylinder. A directional control valve with a hand operated
lever was connected to oil tank with the aid of a pivot. To
convey the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder, SAERI2
Pressure hose was fitted to the hydraulic oil tank. The
Fig 1: Isometric View hydraulic cylinder has a load capacity of 10 tons and was
fitted with a directional control valve which makes it a
double acting hydraulic cylinder and it mounted on the top
part of the frame. The machine parts were firmly secured
with bolts and nuts to ensure rigidity and support. The
welded joints were grinded and the fabricated machine was
painted with emulsion paint.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Mild steel was used for the fabrication of majority of
the developed hydraulic bearing pusher and remover. One
important feature of this developed machine is the
incorporation o; electric motor and directional control valve
into the operation process of the machine. Figure 3 shows
the developed machine. Figure 4 shows the hydraulic
Fig 2: Exploded View and machine Parts cylinder used, Figure 5 shows the fabricated frame while
Figure 6 shows the electric motor with the control valve and
Directional Control Valve lever mounted on the hydraulic tank. The machine frame,
The procured directional control valve was used to structural members, weld, and cylinder mechanism were
make the hydraulic cylinder a two-way cylinder. Some of inspected for any fault or leakages of hydraulic oil.
the design values obtained for hydraulic bearing remover
machine are presented in Table 1. The developed machine was used by three (3) different
people to pull three different bearing namely; piston
Table 1: Design values for hydraulic bearing remover connector, alternator end bearing and roller bearing three
machine times. These same people were also timed when pulling the
S/N Design Factor Design Values same bearing manually. The time taken to pull each bearing
1 Volume of Hydraulic tank 25L using the developed machine and when pulling manually
2 Weight of piston, W 3tons were recorded, compared and analyzed. The average bearing
3 Weight of Cylinder, W 10 tons pulling/removal time when using the developed bearing
4 Velocity of flow of fluid, V 4.22m/s removal machine was 15minutes while that of the manual
5 Oil flow rate, Q 0.0013 m3/s bearing pulling was 60minutes. The use of the developed
6 Power, P 1hp hydraulic bearing remover shows a 25% pulling time
7 Frame Thickness 6mm reduction which makes it much faster than the traditionally
method of bearing removal/ pulling. Moreso, the use of the
B. Detailed Drawings of the Machine electric motor and lever drastically reduce the use of human
The detailed Isometric view and exploded view of the labor needed as the only human labor needed was for
machine are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 respectively. operating the developed machine and setting of the bearing.
It also makes the operation much safer and more efficient.
C. Machine Fabrication Processes The FEA shows a maximum stress of the structure to be
The Measurement, marking out, Cutting, Drilling, 1.613MPa which is low when compared to the yield strength
Welding, Fastening, Grinding and Painting are various of the material for the frame (Mild Steel) and its maximum
processes used in the fabrication of the developed hydraulic factor of safety to be 1.052 which shows that the structural
press machine. Electric arc welding technique was used beam is capable of bearing the stress without failure.
IJISRT24FEB933 www.ijisrt.com 818
Volume 9, Issue 2, February – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Fig 3: Developed Hydraulic Bearing Puller/ Remover Fig 6: Electric motor with hydraulic tank and control valve
IV. CONCLUSION
The development of an improved hydraulic bearing
puller addresses the existing gaps in bearing removing
during repair or maintenance of various machinery. The
deployment or use of this developed machine offers
significant benefits to maintenance industries especially
automotive maintenance industries, particularly in pulling
bearing faster, safer and limiting human labor. The electric
motor incorporated into this machine make it an effective
and secure bearing removal machine. Its user-friendly
design, safety features, efficacy, and efficiency make it a
good option for both professional and do-it-yourself
Fig 4: Hydraulic cylinder used
applications. The assessment indicates that this hydraulic
bearing puller guide has good durability, use, and
functionality. For demanding applications, nevertheless, the
power and speed could be increased.
The Finite Element Analysis, the design of the
structural frame enables it to perform well if it is subjected
to loads due to the weight of the hydraulic cylinder and
work piece hanger. Also, the members located at left and
right ends provides more rigidity to the frame, while the
members at the base provide more stability to the structure.
REFERENCES
[1]. A Textbook of Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic
Machines – By, R. K Rajput and S. Chand & Co, Ram
Nagar, New Delhi.
[2]. Adesina, F., Mohammed, T.I. and Ojo, O.T. (2018)
Design and Fabrication of a Manually Operated
Fig 5: Developed frame Hydraulic Press. Open Access Library Journal, 5:
e4522.https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1104522
[3]. Chen, Y., Wu, C., Wu, C., & Huang, T. (2016). Design
and analysis of a hydraulic bearing removal tool.
Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 30(3),
1411-1418.
IJISRT24FEB933 www.ijisrt.com 819
Volume 9, Issue 2, February – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
[4]. Choudhury D, Pain A, Bhattacharyya SK (2016) The
seismic bearing capacity factor for surface strip
footings. Geotechn Spec Publ ASCE 269:197–206
[5]. http://pascalteam.hu/en_pascal_law.php
[6]. Jain, R.K. (2012) Production Technology. 17th
Edition, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 806-824.
[7]. Johnson, Ofonime Effiong and Bassey, Emem
Anietie.; Work Habits and Health Problems of
Automobile Technicians at Mechanic Village, Uyo,
Nigeria. 5, s.l.: Global Advanced Research Journal of
Medicine and Medical Sciences, 2016, Global
Advanced Research Journal of Medicine and Medical
Sciences, Vol. 5, pp. 136-142. ISSN: 2315-5159.
[8]. Khurmi, R. S., & Gupta, J. K. (2005). A Textbook of
Machine Design. Eurasia Publishing House.
[9]. Kim, J., Kim, D., Park, J., & Lee, J. (2018).
Development of hydraulic bearing extractor for safety
and efficiency improvement in bearing replacement
process. Journal of Mechanical Science and
Technology, 32(9), 4551-4559.
[10]. Kumar Pravin R, Rudra Murthy" Analysis of
Breakdown and Improvement Of Preventive
Maintenance On 1000 Ton Hydraulic Press” Ijetae
Issn:2250-2459:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 3,
Issue 8, August 2013, M. Tech Scholar, Assistant
professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri
Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Mysor,
Karnataka, India.
[11]. Liu, H., Yang, D., Wang, D., & Sun, W. (2019).
Design and development of a hydraulic bearing puller.
Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,
33(11), 5493-5501.
[12]. Mohanraj G. T. “Hydraulic operated bearing puller”.
International Journal for Innovative Research in
Science & Technology| Volume 2 | Issue 11 | April
2015 ISSN (online): 2349-6010...
[13]. OTC Tools. (n.d.). OTC 4579. Retrieved from
https://www.otctools.com/products/otc-4579-slide-
hammer-puller-set
[14]. Prof R.V. Chaudhary Design and Development of Pipe
Bending Machine. ISSN : 2249-5770
[15]. Sharma, P.C. (2005) A Textbook of Production
Engineering, 10th Edition, S. Chard and Company Ltd,
New Delhi, 69-146.
[16]. Suryawanshi, R.Y., Ramteke, P.S., Patil, N., Kumar,
D., & Vanalkar, A.V. (2015). Design and Fabrication
of Hydraulic Bearing Puller and Pusher. IJIRST -
International Journal for Innovative Research in
Science & Technology, 1(11), 152.
[17]. Throat, S. (2013). Design of a Hydraulic Operated
Bearing Puller. International Journal of Innovation in
Engineering and Technology, 2(2), April. ISSN: 2319-
1058
