Neo4j官方示例练习、学习

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-04 16:28:55 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-06-04 16:28:55 发布

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分类专栏： Neo4j 文章标签： neo4j

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42105629/article/details/107131706

这篇博客主要介绍了Neo4j图数据库的基础知识，包括如何通过Docker部署，Cypher语言的使用，以及样本数据的测试。内容涵盖图数据库的基本概念如Nodes、Relationships和Labels，以及创建、查询、解决问题的示例。此外，还涉及到数据加载和删除的操作。

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写在前面

主要包括以下几个个方面的学习，基于 docker服务部署

Docker 部署如下命令

下载镜像：docker pull neo4j:3.5.0
运行容器：docker run -d -p 7474:7474 -p 7687:7687 --name neo4j-3.5.0 neo4j:3.5.0
停止容器：docker stop neo4j-3.5.0
启动容器：docker start neo4j-3.5.0
浏览器 http://192.168.1.74:7474/ 访问 neo4j 管理后台，初始账号/密码 neo4j/neo4j

两个基本问题

怎么用？
什么时候用？

一、基本介绍

Neo4j、TigerGraph、Amazon Neptune、JanusGraph、ArangoDB，是市场上最为知名的五大图数据库。

Neo4j是世界领先的图形数据库。它的体系结构旨在优化管理，存储和遍历节点和关系。该数据库采用一种属性图方法，这对于遍历性能和操作运行时都非常有利。 Neo4j提供专用的内存管理以及高效的内存操作。

它具有可伸缩性，可以部署为独立服务器，也可以在容错群集中的多台计算机上横向扩展以用于生产环境。生产应用程序的其他功能包括热备份和广泛的监视。

目前只提供了官方的驱动和 Java 客户端

服务端版本包括社区版和商业版

二、Get start

几个概念
Nodes - graph data records
Relationships - connect nodes
Properties - named data values
Label - Nodes can be grouped together by applying a Label to each member

2.1、Cypher 基础

相当于sql 管理数据库

create

CREATE (ee:Person {
   
    name: "Emil", from: "Sweden", klout: 99 })

注释
CREATE clause to create data
() parenthesis to indicate a node
ee:Person a variable 'ee' and label 'Person' for the new node
{
   
   } brackets to add properties to the node

MATCH


MATCH (ee:Person) WHERE ee.name = "Emil" RETURN ee;

注释
MATCH clause to specify a pattern of nodes and relationships
(ee:Person) a single node pattern with label 'Person' which will assign matches to the variable 'ee'
WHERE clause to constrain the results
ee.name = "Emil" compares name property to the value "Emil"
RETURN clause used to request particular results

关系

MATCH (ee:Person) WHERE ee.name = "Emil"
CREATE (js:Person {
   
    name: "Johan", from: "Sweden", learn: "surfing" }),
(ir:Person {
   
    name: "Ian", from: "England", title: "author" }),
(rvb:Person {
   
    name: "Rik", from: "Belgium", pet: "Orval" }),
(ally:Person {
   
    name: "Allison", from: "California", hobby: "surfing" }),
(ee)-[:KNOWS {
   
   since: 2001}]->(js),(ee)-[:KNOWS {
   
   rating: 5}]->(ir),
(js)-[:KNOWS]->(ir),(js)-[:KNOWS]->(rvb),
(ir)-[:KNOWS]->(js),(ir)-[:KNOWS]->(ally),
(rvb)-[:KNOWS]->(ally)

MATCH (ee:Person)-[:KNOWS]-(friends)
WHERE ee.name = "Emil" RETURN ee, friends

注释
MATCHclause to describe the pattern from known Nodes to found Nodes
(ee)starts the pattern with a Person (qualified by WHERE)
-[:KNOWS]-matches "KNOWS" relationships (in either direction)
(friends)will be bound to Emil's friends

在这里插入图片描述

explain/PROFILE 执行计划

PROFILE MATCH (js:Person)-[:KNOWS]-()-[:KNOWS]-(surfer)
WHERE js.name = "Johan" AND surfer.hobby = "surfing"
RETURN DISTINCT surfer

三、样本数据测试

3.1 、准备数据

CREATE (TheMatrix:Movie {
   
   title:'The Matrix', released:1999, tagline:'Welcome to the Real World'})
CREATE (Keanu:Person {
   
   name:'Keanu Reeves', born:1964})
CREATE (Carrie:Person {
   
   name:'Carrie-Anne Moss', born:1967})
CREATE (Laurence:Person {
   
   name:'Laurence Fishburne', born:1961})
CREATE (Hugo:Person {
   
   name:'Hugo Weaving', born:1960})
CREATE (LillyW:Person {
   
   name:'Lilly Wachowski', born:1967})
CREATE (LanaW:Person {
   
   name:'Lana Wachowski', born:1965})
CREATE (JoelS:Person {
   
   name:'Joel Silver', born:1952})
CREATE
  (Keanu)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Neo']}]->(TheMatrix),
  (Carrie)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Trinity']}]->(TheMatrix),
  (Laurence)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Morpheus']}]->(TheMatrix),
  (Hugo)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Agent Smith']}]->(TheMatrix),
  (LillyW)-[:DIRECTED]->(TheMatrix),
  (LanaW)-[:DIRECTED]->(TheMatrix),
  (JoelS)-[:PRODUCED]->(TheMatrix)

CREATE (Emil:Person {
   
   name:"Emil Eifrem", born:1978})
CREATE (Emil)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:["Emil"]}]->(TheMatrix)

CREATE (TheMatrixReloaded:Movie {
   
   title:'The Matrix Reloaded', released:2003, tagline:'Free your mind'})
CREATE
  (Keanu)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Neo']}]->(TheMatrixReloaded),
  (Carrie)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Trinity']}]->(TheMatrixReloaded),
  (Laurence)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Morpheus']}]->(TheMatrixReloaded),
  (Hugo)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Agent Smith']}]->(TheMatrixReloaded),
  (LillyW)-[:DIRECTED]->(TheMatrixReloaded),
  (LanaW)-[:DIRECTED]->(TheMatrixReloaded),
  (JoelS)-[:PRODUCED]->(TheMatrixReloaded)

CREATE (TheMatrixRevolutions:Movie {
   
   title:'The Matrix Revolutions', released:2003, tagline:'Everything that has a beginning has an end'})
CREATE
  (Keanu)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Neo']}]->(TheMatrixRevolutions),
  (Carrie)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Trinity']}]->(TheMatrixRevolutions),
  (Laurence)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Morpheus']}]->(TheMatrixRevolutions),
  (Hugo)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Agent Smith']}]->(TheMatrixRevolutions),
  (LillyW)-[:DIRECTED]->(TheMatrixRevolutions),
  (LanaW)-[:DIRECTED]->(TheMatrixRevolutions),
  (JoelS)-[:PRODUCED]->(TheMatrixRevolutions)

CREATE (TheDevilsAdvocate:Movie {
   
   title:"The Devil's Advocate", released:1997, tagline:'Evil has its winning ways'})
CREATE (Charlize:Person {
   
   name:'Charlize Theron', born:1975})
CREATE (Al:Person {
   
   name:'Al Pacino', born:1940})
CREATE (Taylor:Person {
   
   name:'Taylor Hackford', born:1944})
CREATE
  (Keanu)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Kevin Lomax']}]->(TheDevilsAdvocate),
  (Charlize)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Mary Ann Lomax']}]->(TheDevilsAdvocate),
  (Al)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['John Milton']}]->(TheDevilsAdvocate),
  (Taylor)-[:DIRECTED]->(TheDevilsAdvocate)

CREATE (AFewGoodMen:Movie {
   
   title:"A Few Good Men", released:1992, tagline:"In the heart of the nation's capital, in a courthouse of the U.S. government, one man will stop at nothing to keep his honor, and one will stop at nothing to find the truth."})
CREATE (TomC:Person {
   
   name:'Tom Cruise', born:1962})
CREATE (JackN:Person {
   
   name:'Jack Nicholson', born:1937})
CREATE (DemiM:Person {
   
   name:'Demi Moore', born:1962})
CREATE (KevinB:Person {
   
   name:'Kevin Bacon', born:1958})
CREATE (KieferS:Person {
   
   name:'Kiefer Sutherland', born:1966})
CREATE (NoahW:Person {
   
   name:'Noah Wyle', born:1971})
CREATE (CubaG:Person {
   
   name:'Cuba Gooding Jr.', born:1968})
CREATE (KevinP:Person {
   
   name:'Kevin Pollak', born:1957})
CREATE (JTW:Person {
   
   name:'J.T. Walsh', born:1943})
CREATE (JamesM:Person {
   
   name:'James Marshall', born:1967})
CREATE (ChristopherG:Person {
   
   name:'Christopher Guest', born:1948})
CREATE (RobR:Person {
   
   name:'Rob Reiner', born:1947})
CREATE (AaronS:Person {
   
   name:'Aaron Sorkin', born:1961})
CREATE
  (TomC)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Lt. Daniel Kaffee']}]->(AFewGoodMen),
  (JackN)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Col. Nathan R. Jessup']}]->(AFewGoodMen),
  (DemiM)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Lt. Cdr. JoAnne Galloway']}]->(AFewGoodMen),
  (KevinB)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Capt. Jack Ross']}]->(AFewGoodMen),
  (KieferS)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Lt. Jonathan Kendrick']}]->(AFewGoodMen),
  (NoahW)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Cpl. Jeffrey Barnes']}]->(AFewGoodMen),
  (CubaG)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Cpl. Carl Hammaker']}]->(AFewGoodMen),
  (KevinP)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Lt. Sam Weinberg']}]->(AFewGoodMen),
  (JTW)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Lt. Col. Matthew Andrew Markinson']}]->(AFewGoodMen),
  (JamesM)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Pfc. Louden Downey']}]->(AFewGoodMen),
  (ChristopherG)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Dr. Stone']}]->(AFewGoodMen),
  (AaronS)-[:ACTED_IN {
   
   roles:['Man in Bar']}]->(AFewGoodMen),
  (RobR)-[:DIRECTED]->(AFewGoodMen),
  (AaronS)-[:WROTE]->(AFewGoodMen)

CREATE (TopGun:Movie {
   
   title:"Top Gun", released:1986, tagline:'I feel the need, the need for speed.'})
CREATE (KellyM:Person {
   
   name:'Kelly McGillis', born:1957})
CREATE (ValK:Person {
   
   name:'Val Kilmer', born:1959})
CREATE (AnthonyE:Person {
   
   name:'Anthony Edwards', born:1962})
CREATE (TomS:Person {
   
   name:'Tom Skerritt', born:1933}