Papers by Kehinde O L A Y E M I Affinnih
Bioremediation of Asa River Sediment Using Agricultural By-Products
Tropical agricultural research, Sep 30, 2023
Fallowed uplands dominated by Chromolaena odorata, Hyptis suaveolens, Tithonia diversifolia, Impe... more Fallowed uplands dominated by Chromolaena odorata, Hyptis suaveolens, Tithonia diversifolia, Imperata cylindrica and other grasses were selected and their effects on the emergence of associated weed species, the nutrient status of the soil and subsequent maize yield were examined. A survey was conducted to estimate the floristic composition in each field in 2017 and 2018. Five fallowed fields and one arable field were used during the 2018 and 2019 seasons. The trial was laid on each field in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replicates. Zero tillage was adopted for the fallow land while the arable field was ploughed, harrowed, and ridged. Weed, soil, and grain yield data were collected and subjected to analysis of variance at P=0.05. The results showed that weed composition and emergence pattern differed marginally among the five fallowed fields. Tridax procumbens, Brachiaria lata and Cyperus rotundus were the most associated weed species. Soils under T. diversifolia and C. odorata were rich in organic carbon and total porosity and low in bulk density with an average return biomass to the soil amounting to 23.18 -27.18g/m 2 . The continuously managed arable field showed maize grain yield of 2.72 t/ha compared with fallowed fields dominated by T. diversifolia (2.64 t/ha) and C. odorata (2.38 t/ha). Tithonia diversifolia and C. odorata contributed positively to reducing weed emergence and improving soil nutrients. Small-holder farmers can re-incorporate the tested weed species into the cropping system to reduce herbicide usage and improve maize grain yield in the Nigerian southern Guinea savannah.
Poljoprivreda, 2017
Management options proffered with respect to the chemical properties along a toposequence are a k... more Management options proffered with respect to the chemical properties along a toposequence are a key to sustainable crop and soil productivity since nutrient status and soil properties are related to topography of the land area. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of slope and depth on selected soil chemical properties at the University of Ilorin Teaching and Research Farm in 2013. Three points: upper, middle and bottom slope, along a toposequence with an average distance of 200 m apart were delineated and sampled for soil analysis at depths of 0-30 cm, 30-60 cm and 60-90 cm using core sampler and auger. Soil chemical properties which included pH in water, pH in KCl, electrical conductivity, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable bases (Ca, Mg, K, Na), exchangeable acidity, effective cation exchange capacity, base saturation, exchangeable sodium percentage and sodium adsorption ratio were determined in the laboratory/ computed afterwards. Data from the analysis were subjected to ANOVA using 2x3 factorial combinations of factors slope and depth-in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five replicates. Results on the effects of slope and soil depth on soil chemical properties showed that soil depth affected all the measured soil chemical properties except exchangeable sodium. The pH (both in water and KCl), electrical conductivity, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium were not affected by slope. Also, pH, exchangeable magnesium and sodium were not affected by the interaction between the effect of slope and soil depth.
Agricultural Sciences
Response of potassium (K) correlated with extracted K using five laboratory methods: neutral N NH... more Response of potassium (K) correlated with extracted K using five laboratory methods: neutral N NH4OAc pH 7.0; NH4OAc pH 4.8, 0.01M CaCl2, 1N Hot HNO3 and 0.5N NaHCO3 pH 7.0 by sorghum were determined in four selected soils from twenty locations in Kwara State, Nigeria in the green house to ascertain the ideal procedure for routine analysis. Regression equations were derived for each soil between K uptake by sorghum and level of K applied and, by extrapolation, the A-value, which represented the amount of soil K available as applied K, was determined. The data from the five laboratory methods were correlated with A-value, the zero-level K uptake, and with one another. The results showed that 0.01M CaCl2 only, extracted more K than the A-value, which was greater than the K extracted by the other methods. The data of all methods were, however, significantly correlated (p<0.05) with A-value while zero-level K uptake had a highly significant correlation with data of 0.01M CaCl2 (0.99)...
Correlation of soil properties with weed occurrence in sugarcane fields
Management options proffered with respect to the physical properties along a toposequence is a ke... more Management options proffered with respect to the physical properties along a toposequence is a key to sustainable crop and soil productivity since inadequate information on the influence of landscape on soil properties is a major factor limiting agricultural productivity in Nigeria. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of slope and depth on selected soil physical properties at the University of Ilorin Teaching and Research Farm in 2013. Three points: upper, middle and bottom slope, along a toposequence with an average distance of 200m apart were delineated and samples for soil analysis collected at depths of 0 – 30cm, 30 – 60 cm and 60 – 90 cm using core sampler and auger. Soil physical properties which included sand, silt, clay, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), bulk density, total porosity, field capacity, permanent wilting point and available water were determined in the laboratory / computed afterwards. Data from the analysis were subjected to ANOVA using 2 x 3 fa...
An investigation of the effect of biochar application rates on CO2 emissions in soils under upland rice production in southern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria
Heliyon, 2020
Biochar is a chemically recalcitrant carbon-rich solid material used in soil for its potential to... more Biochar is a chemically recalcitrant carbon-rich solid material used in soil for its potential to improve soil quality and sequester carbon. While the rate of application has implications for soil carbon dioxide (CO2) emission and the overall benefits of biochar, its effects are yet to be fully understood. To evaluate the effect of application rates of rice husk biochar on CO2 emissions, 91-day field experiments were conducted on three soil types (Anthraquic Ustorthent, Grossarenic Kandiustalf, and Ustic Quartzipsamment) in the southern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria, using three biochar application rates of 5, 15 and 25 t h−1, and control. A two-way ANOVA showed that cumulative CO2 emissions were significantly (p < 0.01) different between soil types and treatments, and soil type/treatment interactions were also significant at p = 0.05. The highest cumulative CO2–C emission of 2.77g/m2 was recorded in the Grossarenic Kandiustalf, while the least value of 2.11g/m2 was recorded in the Ustic Quartzipsamment. CO2 emission increased with increasing biochar application rates, with the highest (3.06 CO2–C g/m2) value recorded at 25 t/ha compared to 2.78 g/m2 and 1.52 g/m2 values recorded for 5 t/ha and control treatments respectively. While CO2 emissions increased with biochar application rate however, the percentage of biochar-C mineralized was higher at lower biochar rates, and differences were significant at p = 0.01. While 0.63 % of biochar C was mineralized under 5 t/ha biochar treatment, 0.15 % was recorded for 25 t/ha treatment. Factors that had significant correlation with CO2–C emission in the soils were biochar addition rate, soil pH, N, P, Ca, Mg and K. At day 91, there were no significant differences in CO2 emissions between amended treatments and control, and only a small percentage (<1) of biochar C had been mineralized.
Albanian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2018
The objective of this research was to study the relationships between soil characteristics and la... more The objective of this research was to study the relationships between soil characteristics and land use on resulting weed vegetation in order to find the most effective factors in the separation of weed species and morphological types in Southern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria. The assumption that ‘soils’ and ‘vegetation’ are closely associated was tested by describing soils along the University of Ilorin Teaching and Research Farm catena, Ilorin (located approx. on latitude 8 29’N, longitude 4 35’E on an elevation of 310m above sea level, and with an average annual rainfall of 1000 1240mm). There were 3 plots representing soil types on which soil profiles pits were dug for physical and chemical analysis of the soils and classification of the pedon. Two land use types (cropped and noncropped) represented the fields which were identified within each plot from which vegetative sampling was done. The ‘Soils’ were considered at two levels: soil type classification [15] and soil properties (...
Agrosearch, 2016
The effects of industrial, agriculture and domestic discharges on the quality of water for irriga... more The effects of industrial, agriculture and domestic discharges on the quality of water for irrigation along Asa River located in Ilorin were assessed. In this study, Asa river in which effluent from different industries is discharged was studied for heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd) to ascertain its water quality for irrigation and sediment. Water and sediment samples were collected at four points used for dry season irrigation along the river.
Poljoprivreda, Dec 23, 2017
Management options proffered with respect to the chemical properties along a toposequence are a k... more Management options proffered with respect to the chemical properties along a toposequence are a key to sustainable crop and soil productivity since nutrient status and soil properties are related to topography of the land area. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of slope and depth on selected soil chemical properties at the University of Ilorin Teaching and Research Farm in 2013. Three points: upper, middle and bottom slope, along a toposequence with an average distance of 200 m apart were delineated and sampled for soil analysis at depths of 0-30 cm, 30-60 cm and 60-90 cm using core sampler and auger. Soil chemical properties which included pH in water, pH in KCl, electrical conductivity, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable bases (Ca, Mg, K, Na), exchangeable acidity, effective cation exchange capacity, base saturation, exchangeable sodium percentage and sodium adsorption ratio were determined in the laboratory/ computed afterwards. Data from the analysis were subjected to ANOVA using 2x3 factorial combinations of factors slope and depth-in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five replicates. Results on the effects of slope and soil depth on soil chemical properties showed that soil depth affected all the measured soil chemical properties except exchangeable sodium. The pH (both in water and KCl), electrical conductivity, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium were not affected by slope. Also, pH, exchangeable magnesium and sodium were not affected by the interaction between the effect of slope and soil depth.
An investigation of the effect of biochar application rates on CO2 emissions in soils under upland rice production in southern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria
Heliyon
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Papers by Kehinde O L A Y E M I Affinnih