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Launch Complex: SLC4E.
Vandenberg. Old Name: PALC2-4. Latitude: 34.6320 deg. Longitude: -120.6106 deg. Used by: Atlas, Titan. First Launch: 1964-08-14. Last Launch: 2005-10-19. Number Launches: 68. First designated PALC2-4 and used to launch Atlas Agena D with KH-7 spysats. Rebuilt after MOL cancellation in 1970 to handle Titan 3D with KH-9 and KH-11 spysats. Upgraded in 1989-1990 for Titan 4.

SLC4E Chronology

1964 August 14 - 22:00 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7101 / Agena D S01A 4808 KH 7-10 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 165 km (102 mi). Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). Inclination: 95.40 deg. Period: 89.10 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1964 September 23 - 20:06 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7102 KH 7-11 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 143 km (88 mi). Apogee: 303 km (188 mi). Inclination: 92.90 deg. Period: 88.90 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1964 October 8 - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7103 FAILURE: Failure. KH-7 12 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: U.S. Air Force. KH-7 type satellite.

1964 December 4 - 18:57 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7105 / Agena D 7105 KH 7-14 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 158 km (98 mi). Apogee: 357 km (221 mi). Inclination: 97.00 deg. Period: 89.70 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1965 April 3 - 21:24 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7401 Snapshot Mass: 440 kg (970 lb). Spacecraft: Snapshot. Agency: USAF/AEC. Perigee: 1,270 km (780 mi). Apogee: 1,314 km (816 mi). Inclination: 90.30 deg. Period: 111.40 min. Only nuclear reactor ever orbited by the United States. The SNAP-10A reactor provided electrical power for an 8.5 mN ion engine using cesium propellant. The engine was shut off after one hour of operation when high-voltage spikes created electromagnetic interference with the satellite's attitude control system sensors. The reactor continued in operation, generating 39 kWt and more than 500 watts of electrical power for 43 days before the spacecraft telemetry failed.

1965 April 28 - 20:17 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7107 / Agena D 7107 KH 7-17 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 180 km (110 mi). Apogee: 259 km (160 mi). Inclination: 95.60 deg. Period: 89.00 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1965 May 27 - 19:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7108 / Agena D 7108 KH 7-18 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 149 km (92 mi). Apogee: 267 km (165 mi). Inclination: 95.60 deg. Period: 88.70 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1965 June 25 - 19:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7109 / Agena D 7109 OPS 6749 Mass: 60 kg (132 lb). Spacecraft: SSF. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 496 km (308 mi). Apogee: 510 km (310 mi). Inclination: 107.60 deg. Period: 94.70 min. Radar monitoring.

1965 July 12 - 19:00 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7112 FAILURE: Failure. KH-7-20 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: U.S. Air Force. KH-7 type satellite.

1965 August 3 - 19:12 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7111 / Agena D 7111 KH 7-21 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 278 km (172 mi). Apogee: 352 km (218 mi). Inclination: 107.40 deg. Period: 90.80 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1965 September 30 - 19:20 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7110 / Agena D 7110 KH 7-22 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 237 km (147 mi). Apogee: 361 km (224 mi). Inclination: 95.60 deg. Period: 90.50 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1965 November 8 - 19:26 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7113 / Agena D 7113 KH 7-23 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 280 km (170 mi). Apogee: 352 km (218 mi). Inclination: 93.90 deg. Period: 90.80 min. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1966 January 19 - 20:10 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7114 / Agena D 7114 KH 7-24 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 138 km (85 mi). Apogee: 259 km (160 mi). Inclination: 93.80 deg. Period: 88.40 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1966 February 15 - 20:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7115 / Agena D 7115 KH 7-25 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 142 km (88 mi). Apogee: 290 km (180 mi). Inclination: 96.50 deg. Period: 88.90 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1966 March 18 - 20:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7116 / Agena D 7116 KH 7-26 Mass: 60 kg (132 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 162 km (100 mi). Apogee: 308 km (191 mi). Inclination: 101.00 deg. Period: 89.30 min. Not identified as a subsatellite ferret by McDowell.

1966 April 19 - 19:12 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7117 / Agena D 7117 KH 7-27 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 139 km (86 mi). Apogee: 375 km (233 mi). Inclination: 116.90 deg. Period: 89.60 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1966 May 14 - 18:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7118 / Agena D 7118 KH 7-28 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 130 km (80 mi). Apogee: 319 km (198 mi). Inclination: 110.50 deg. Period: 89.00 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1966 June 3 - 19:25 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7119 / Agena D 7119 KH 7-29 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 143 km (88 mi). Apogee: 288 km (178 mi). Inclination: 87.00 deg. Period: 88.90 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1966 July 12 - 17:57 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7120 / Agena D 7120 KH 7-30 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 150 km (90 mi). Apogee: 261 km (162 mi). Inclination: 95.50 deg. Period: 88.70 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1966 August 16 - 18:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7121 / Agena D 7121 KH 7-31 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 143 km (88 mi). Apogee: 330 km (200 mi). Inclination: 93.20 deg. Period: 89.20 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1966 September 16 - 17:59 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7123 / Agena D 7123 KH 7-32 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 146 km (90 mi). Apogee: 328 km (203 mi). Inclination: 93.90 deg. Period: 89.20 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1966 October 12 - 19:15 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7122 / Agena D 7122 KH 7-33 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 155 km (96 mi). Apogee: 287 km (178 mi). Inclination: 91.00 deg. Period: 89.00 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1966 November 2 - 20:23 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7124 / Agena D 7124 KH 7-34 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 159 km (98 mi). Apogee: 305 km (189 mi). Inclination: 91.00 deg. Period: 89.20 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1966 December 5 - 21:09 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7125 / Agena D 7125 KH 7-35 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 137 km (85 mi). Apogee: 341 km (211 mi). Inclination: 104.60 deg. Period: 89.20 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1967 February 2 - 20:00 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7126 / Agena D 7126 KH 7-36 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 136 km (84 mi). Apogee: 357 km (221 mi). Inclination: 103.00 deg. Period: 89.50 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1967 May 22 - 18:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7127 / Agena D 7127 KH 7-37 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 135 km (83 mi). Apogee: 293 km (182 mi). Inclination: 91.50 deg. Period: 88.80 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1967 June 4 - 18:10 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Atlas. SLV-3 Agena D 7128 / Agena D SS-01B 4837 KH 7-38 Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 149 km (92 mi). Apogee: 456 km (283 mi). Inclination: 104.90 deg. Period: 90.60 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1971 June 15 - 18:41 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-1 KH-9 no. 01 (Big Bird) Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 180 km (110 mi). Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). Inclination: 96.40 deg. Period: 89.30 min. KH-9 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1972 January 20 - 18:36 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-2 KH-9 no. 02 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 153 km (95 mi). Apogee: 330 km (200 mi). Inclination: 97.00 deg. Period: 89.30 min. KH-9 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1972 July 7 - 17:46 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-5 KH-9 no. 03 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 176 km (109 mi). Apogee: 254 km (157 mi). Inclination: 96.00 deg. Period: 88.70 min. KH-9 type satellite. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space.

1972 October 10 - 18:03 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-3 KH-9 no. 04 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 160 km (90 mi). Apogee: 281 km (174 mi). Inclination: 96.50 deg. Period: 88.90 min. KH-9 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1973 March 9 - 21:00 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-6 KH-9 no. 05 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 150 km (90 mi). Apogee: 262 km (162 mi). Inclination: 95.70 deg. Period: 88.70 min. KH-9 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1973 July 13 - 20:24 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-7 KH-9 no. 06 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 143 km (88 mi). Apogee: 291 km (180 mi). Inclination: 96.20 deg. Period: 88.80 min. KH-9 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1973 November 10 - 20:09 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-8 KH-9 no. 07 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 158 km (98 mi). Apogee: 275 km (170 mi). Inclination: 96.90 deg. Period: 88.80 min. KH-9 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1974 April 10 - 20:20 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-9 KH-9 no. 08 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 153 km (95 mi). Apogee: 285 km (177 mi). Inclination: 94.50 deg. Period: 88.90 min. KH-9 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1974 October 29 - 19:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-4 KH-9 no. 09 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 115 km (71 mi). Apogee: 272 km (169 mi). Inclination: 96.70 deg. Period: 88.40 min. KH-9 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1975 June 8 - 18:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-10 KH-9 no. 10 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 157 km (97 mi). Apogee: 272 km (169 mi). Inclination: 96.30 deg. Period: 88.70 min. KH-9 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1975 December 4 - 20:38 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-13 KH-9 no. 11 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 157 km (97 mi). Apogee: 234 km (145 mi). Inclination: 96.30 deg. Period: 88.40 min. KH-9 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1976 July 8 - 18:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-14 KH-9 no. 12 Mass: 13,000 kg (28,000 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 159 km (98 mi). Apogee: 242 km (150 mi). Inclination: 97.00 deg. Period: 88.50 min. KH-9 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1976 December 19 - 18:19 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-15 KH-11 no. 1 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-11. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 246 km (152 mi). Apogee: 531 km (329 mi). Inclination: 96.90 deg. Period: 92.30 min. KH-11 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1977 June 27 - 18:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-17 KH-9 no. 13 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 155 km (96 mi). Apogee: 239 km (148 mi). Inclination: 97.00 deg. Period: 88.50 min. KH-9 type satellite. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C).

1978 March 16 - 18:43 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-20 KH-9 no. 14 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 160 km (90 mi). Apogee: 240 km (140 mi). Inclination: 96.40 deg. Period: 88.50 min. KH-9 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1978 June 14 - 18:28 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-18 KH-11 no. 2 Mass: 13,000 kg (28,000 lb). Spacecraft: KH-11. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 223 km (138 mi). Apogee: 509 km (316 mi). Inclination: 97.00 deg. Period: 91.90 min. KH-11 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1979 March 16 - 18:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-21 KH-9 no. 15 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 170 km (100 mi). Apogee: 258 km (160 mi). Inclination: 96.40 deg. Period: 88.80 min. KH-9 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1980 February 7 - 21:10 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-19 KH-11 no. 3 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-11. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 220 km (130 mi). Apogee: 498 km (309 mi). Inclination: 97.00 deg. Period: 91.70 min. KH-11 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1980 June 18 - 18:29 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-16 KH-9 no. 16 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 164 km (101 mi). Apogee: 262 km (162 mi). Inclination: 96.40 deg. Period: 88.80 min. KH-9 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1981 September 3 - 18:29 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-22 KH-11 no. 4 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-11. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 244 km (151 mi). Apogee: 526 km (326 mi). Inclination: 97.00 deg. Period: 92.30 min. KH-11 type satellite. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C).

1982 May 11 - 18:45 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-24 KH-9 no. 17 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 177 km (109 mi). Apogee: 262 km (162 mi). Inclination: 96.40 deg. Period: 88.90 min. KH-9 type satellite. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C).

1982 November 17 - 21:22 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. LV Model: Titan 3D . Titan IIID 23D-23 KH-11 no. 5 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-11. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 280 km (170 mi). Apogee: 520 km (320 mi). Inclination: 97.00 deg. Period: 92.60 min. KH-11 type satellite. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C).

1983 June 20 - 18:45 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 34D 34D-5 (04D-3) KH-9 no. 18 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 159 km (98 mi). Apogee: 259 km (160 mi). Inclination: 96.50 deg. Period: 88.80 min. KH-9 type satellite. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C).

1984 June 25 - 18:43 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 34D 34D-4 (04D-1) USA 2 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 170 km (100 mi). Apogee: 230 km (140 mi). Inclination: 96.50 deg. Period: 88.50 min. KH-9 type satellite. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C).

1984 December 4 - 18:00 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 34D 34D-6 (04D-4) USA 6 Mass: 13,000 kg (28,000 lb). Spacecraft: KH-11. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 300 km (180 mi). Apogee: 650 km (400 mi). Inclination: 97.10 deg. Period: 93.50 min. KH-11 type satellite. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C).

1985 August 28 - 21:20 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 34D 34D-7 (04D-6) FAILURE: Stage 1 propellant feed system failure forced premature engine shutdown. KH-11 no. 7 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-11. Agency: U.S. Air Force. KH-11 type satellite.

1986 April 18 - 17:45 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 34D 34D-9 (04D-2) FAILURE: SRM case insulation burned through, causing case burn-through and catastrophic explosion over pad at T+8.5 seconds. KH-9 no. 20 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-9. Agency: U.S. Air Force. KH-9 type satellite.

1987 October 26 - 21:32 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 34D 34D-15 (04D-8) USA 27 Mass: 13,300 kg (29,300 lb). Spacecraft: KH-11. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 153 km (95 mi). Apogee: 1,029 km (639 mi). Inclination: 97.80 deg. Period: 96.50 min. KH-11 type satellite. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C).

1988 November 6 - 18:03 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 34D 34D-14 (04D-7) USA 33 Mass: 13,500 kg (29,700 lb). Spacecraft: KH-11. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 156 km (96 mi). Apogee: 1,012 km (628 mi). Inclination: 97.90 deg. Period: 96.40 min. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C).

1991 March 8 - 12:03 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 403A K-5 (45F-1) USA 69 Spacecraft: Lacrosse. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 420 km (260 mi). Apogee: 662 km (411 mi). Inclination: 68.00 deg. Period: 95.50 min. Still operating December 1997. First West Coast launch of a Titan 4.

1991 November 8 - 07:07 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 403A K-8 (45F-2) USA 72 Spacecraft: NOSS-2. Agency: NRO/NRL. Perigee: 799 km (496 mi). Apogee: 1,321 km (820 mi). Inclination: 63.40 deg. Period: 106.40 min. Second launch by Titan 4 of new generation of NOSS naval reconnaissance satellites. However earlier NOSS weighed only 2,000 kg; Titan 4 booster has seven times this capacity. What else was launched?

1992 November 28 - 21:34 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 404A K-3 (45J-1) USA 86 Mass: 19,600 kg (43,200 lb). Spacecraft: Improved Crystal. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 256 km (159 mi). Apogee: 911 km (566 mi). Inclination: 97.70 deg. Period: 96.40 min. Optical reconnaisance satellite built for the US National Reconnaissance Office.

1993 August 2 - 19:59 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 403A K-11 (45F-9) FAILURE: Radial cut inadvertently made in SRM during repairs resulted in explosion of SRM and vehicle at T+101 seconds. NOSS 19 Spacecraft: NOSS-2. Agency: U.S. Navy. Apogee: 33 km (20 mi). Third attempted launch by Titan 4 of new generation of NOSS naval reconnaissance satellites. No known launches of this system thereafter.

1995 December 5 - 21:18 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 404A K-15 (45J-3) USA 116 Mass: 26,000 kg (57,000 lb). Spacecraft: Improved Crystal. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 250 km (150 mi). Apogee: 976 km (606 mi). Inclination: 98.70 deg. Optical reconnaisance satellite built for the US National Reconnaissance Office. Instruments said to include a large telescope with visual and near infrared wavelength CCD sensors and the ICMS mapping system.

1996 May 12 - 21:32 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 403A K-22 (45F-11) USA 119 Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Spacecraft: SDS-2. Agency: NRO/NRL. Perigee: 1,051 km (653 mi). Apogee: 1,165 km (723 mi). Inclination: 63.40 deg. Period: 107.44 min. Unknown orbit

1996 December 20 - 18:04 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 404A K-13 (45J-5) USA 129 Mass: 19,600 kg (43,200 lb). Spacecraft: Improved Crystal. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 153 km (95 mi). Apogee: 949 km (589 mi). Inclination: 97.90 deg. Optical reconnaisance satellite built for the US National Reconnaissance Office.

1997 October 24 - 02:32 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 403A 4A-18 (K-18, 45F-3) USA 133 Spacecraft: Lacrosse. Agency: NRO/CIA. Perigee: 666 km (413 mi). Apogee: 679 km (421 mi). Inclination: 57.00 deg. Still operating December 1997.

1999 May 22 - 09:36 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 404B 4B-12 USA 144 Spacecraft: Misty. Agency: NRO. Perigee: 2,700 km (1,600 mi). Apogee: 3,100 km (1,900 mi). Inclination: 63.50 deg. This classified National Reconnaissance Office satellite represented the first successful Titan launch in four attempts. The payload had been reported to be a Lacrosse radar imaging reconnaissance satellite. However the short 50 foot Titan fairing was used instead of the 66 foot fairing used by Lacrosse. This only seems to be used previously for an Improved Crystal photo-reconnaissance satellite in November 1992. The payload therefore could be related to the ocean surveillance triplets, or be an Improved CRYSTAL derivative. Veteran amateur satellite-watchers believed it was the second launch of 'Misty', a stealthy optical reconnaisance satellite (the first launch being USA 53 in February 1990).

2000 August 17 - 23:45 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 403B 4B-28 / K-25 USA 152 Mass: 14,500 kg (31,900 lb). Spacecraft: Lacrosse. Agency: NRO. Perigee: 689 km (428 mi). Apogee: 695 km (432 mi). Inclination: 68.00 deg. Period: 98.53 min. The National Reconnaissance Office satellite was reported to be an Onyx (formerly Lacrosse) radar imaging spacecraft built by Lockheed Martin. The Titan second stage reached a 572 x 675 km x 68.0 deg orbit and separated from the payload. Amateur observers reported the payload has made two small maneuvers and by Aug 23 was in a 681 x 695 km x 68.1 deg orbit.

2001 October 5 - 21:21 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 404B 4B-34 USA 161 Mass: 16,650 kg (36,700 lb). Spacecraft: Improved Crystal. Agency: National Reconnaissance Office (U.S.). Perigee: 150 km (90 mi). Apogee: 1,050 km (650 mi). Inclination: 97.90 deg. Launch delayed from September 25, October1. National Reconnaissance Office payload that was placed into a sun-synchronous orbit. It was speculated that the payload was an Improved Crystal imaging satellite. That would imply an operational orbit of 150 x 1050 km x 97.9 deg orbit. The satellite belonged to the National Reconnaissance Office's fleet of Earth Imaging System (EIS) satellites. A BBC website reported a resolution of 10 cm in the images. (A commonly used name for the EIS satellites was Advanced Keyhole.) The first member of the EIS fleet was USA 144 (1999-028A), launched in May 1999.

2005 October 19 - 18:05 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Titan 404B 4B-26 USA 186 Mass: 20,000 kg (44,000 lb). Spacecraft: Improved Crystal. Agency: National Reconnaissance Office (U.S.). Perigee: 264 km (164 mi). Apogee: 1,050 km (650 mi). Inclination: 97.90 deg. Delayed from 2003; February 2004; and June 30, July 10, September 9, 2005. Last launch of the Titan series put a classified National Reconnaisance Office satellite into polar orbit. Its orbital parameters, as determined by amateur observors, suggested it was an Improved Crystal electronic imaging reconnaissace satellite, replacing USA 129, which was launched in 1996.


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