Nginx-03：Nginx安装、命令、配置文件

原创已于 2022-08-26 23:14:41 修改 · 286 阅读

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#nginx #linux

于 2021-05-01 17:40:13 首次发布

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本文介绍Nginx的安装步骤、常用操作命令及配置文件详解。涵盖了如何通过配置文件及命令行调整Nginx端口等内容。

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Nginx安装、命令、配置文件

1、Nginx安装可参考

Nginx 安装配置 | 菜鸟教程

2、Nginx常用命令

使用nginx命令的前提条件：必须进入nginx目录：/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/

（1）查看nginx版本
    /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -v
（2）重启动ginx
    /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen
（3）启动nginx
    /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx 
（4）关闭nginx
    /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop 
（5）重新加载nginx
    /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
（6）查看nginx进程
    ps -ef | grep nginx

3、配置文件

nginx配置文件在：/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;  
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;
    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
       # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }
   # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

Nginx配置文件有三部分组成

第一部分：全局块

从配置文件开始到events块之间的内容，主要会设置影响nginx服务器整体运行的配置指令，主要包括配置运行nginx服务器的用户（组），允许生成的worker process数，进程PID存放路径、日志存放路径和类型以及配置文件的引入等。worker_processes：并发处理服务的关键配置，值越大，可以支持的并发处理量也越大，但是会受到硬件、软件等设备的制约。

默认：worker_processes: 1
调大：worker_processes: CPU核心数，(双核4线程，可以设置为4)