E:\python1\pythonProject2\.venv\Scripts\python.exe E:\python1\pythonProject2\1\流程图1.py E:\python1\pythonProject2\1\流程图1.py:30: UserWarning: This figure includes Axes that are not compatible with tight_layout, so results might be incorrect. plt.tight_layout() D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 27969 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D41}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 31243 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A0B}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 22270 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56FE}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 65306 (\N{FULLWIDTH COLON}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 26579 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-67D3}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 33394 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8272}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 20307 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F53}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 27987 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D53}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 24230 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5EA6}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 39044 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9884}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 27979 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D4B}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 27169 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A21}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 22411 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-578B}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 26500 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6784}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 24314 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5EFA}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 36807 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8FC7}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 36755 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F93}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 20837 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5165}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 30007 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7537}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 32974 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80CE}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 25968 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6570}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 25454 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-636E}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 22788 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5904}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 29702 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7406}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 65288 (\N{FULLWIDTH LEFT PARENTHESIS}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 24322 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F02}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 24120 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E38}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 20540 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-503C}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 21076 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5254}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 38500 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9664}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 32570 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7F3A}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 22833 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5931}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 22635 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-586B}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 20805 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5145}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 26631 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6807}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 20934 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51C6}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 21270 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5316}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 65289 (\N{FULLWIDTH RIGHT PARENTHESIS}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 29305 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7279}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 24449 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F81}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 24037 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DE5}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 12289 (\N{IDEOGRAPHIC COMMA}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 20132 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EA4}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 20114 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E92}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 39033 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9879}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 22810 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-591A}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 20803 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5143}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 38750 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-975E}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 32447 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7EBF}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 24615 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6027}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 22238 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56DE}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 24402 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F52}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 35757 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8BAD}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 32451 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7EC3}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 27531 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B8B}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 24046 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DEE}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 20998 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5206}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 26512 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6790}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 25240 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6298}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 21449 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53C9}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 39564 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9A8C}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 35777 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8BC1}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py:80: UserWarning: Glyph 20986 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51FA}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans. FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self) Traceback (most recent call last): File "E:\python1\pythonProject2\1\流程图1.py", line 31, in <module> plt.show() ~~~~~~~~^^ File "E:\python1\pythonProject2\.venv\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py", line 614, in show return _get_backend_mod().show(*args, **kwargs) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py", line 41, in __call__ manager.show(**kwargs) ~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^ File "D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py", line 144, in show self.canvas.show() ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^ File "D:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2024.1.2\plugins\python\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\backend_interagg.py", line 85, in show buffer = self.tostring_rgb() ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ AttributeError: 'FigureCanvasInterAgg' object has no attribute 'tostring_rgb'. Did you mean: 'tostring_argb'? Process finished with exit code 1
时间: 2025-09-07 13:39:22 AIGC 浏览: 4
从你的报错信息来看,主要问题可以分为两类:
---
### ❌ 错误 1:字体缺失警告(Glyph missing)
```bash
UserWarning: Glyph 27969 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D41}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans.
```
这些警告表明:`matplotlib` 默认使用的字体(如 `DejaVu Sans`)不支持中文字符,导致流程图中的中文无法正常显示。
---
### ❌ 错误 2:致命错误(AttributeError)
```bash
AttributeError: 'FigureCanvasInterAgg' object has no attribute 'tostring_rgb'. Did you mean: 'tostring_argb'?
```
这个错误是关键问题,说明你在使用 PyCharm 的内置 `matplotlib` 后端时,遇到了一个兼容性 bug —— `tostring_rgb()` 方法不存在,正确的方法应是 `tostring_argb()`。
---
## ✅ 解决方案
### ✅ 1. 设置中文字体支持(解决字体缺失警告)
你需要在代码中设置 `matplotlib` 使用支持中文的字体,比如 `SimHei`(黑体)或 `Microsoft YaHei`。
```python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei'] # 设置中文字体
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False # 解决负号显示为方块的问题
```
---
### ✅ 2. 更改 Matplotlib 后端(解决致命错误)
PyCharm 自带的 `backend_interagg` 有问题。你需要手动更改 `matplotlib` 的默认后端为 `TkAgg` 或 `Agg` 等稳定后端。
#### 方法一:临时设置后端(在代码中设置)
```python
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg') # 设置后端为 TkAgg
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
```
> ✅ 注意:`TkAgg` 需要 `tkinter` 支持。如果你用的是虚拟环境,确保安装了 `tkinter` 模块。
#### 方法二:永久更改 matplotlib 配置文件
1. 找到配置文件路径:
```python
import matplotlib
print(matplotlib.matplotlib_fname())
```
输出类似:
```
C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\mpl-data\matplotlibrc
```
2. 用文本编辑器打开该文件,找到 `backend` 一行,修改为:
```
backend: TkAgg
```
3. 保存文件后重启 IDE。
---
## ✅ 最终修复后的代码示例
```python
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg') # 必须在导入 pyplot 之前设置
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import networkx as nx
# 设置中文字体
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
# 创建有向图
G = nx.DiGraph()
# 添加节点
steps = [
"输入男胎数据",
"预处理\n(异常值剔除 + 缺失值填充 + 标准化)",
"特征工程\n(构建 G²、G×B 交互项)",
"多元非线性回归训练",
"残差分析 + 5 折交叉验证",
"输出 Y 染色体浓度预测模型"
]
# 添加节点到图中
for step in steps:
G.add_node(step)
# 添加边(流程顺序)
for i in range(len(steps) - 1):
G.add_edge(steps[i], steps[i + 1])
# 绘制图形
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6))
pos = nx.spring_layout(G, seed=42, k=0.5) # 布局算法
nx.draw(G, pos, with_labels=True, node_size=5000, node_color='lightblue', font_size=10, font_weight='bold', arrows=True)
plt.title("流程图:Y染色体浓度预测模型构建过程", fontsize=14)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
```
---
## ✅ 补充建议
- 如果你使用的是虚拟环境,请确保安装了 `tkinter`:
```bash
pip install tk
```
- 或者使用 `conda` 安装:
```bash
conda install -c conda-forge tk
```
---
###
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