分为.h和.c文件

<think>我们将按照要求将代码分为头文件(.h)和源文件(.c)。头文件包含函数声明、宏定义和类型定义，源文件包含具体实现。###头文件(bsp_spi_flash.h)```c#ifndef__BSP_SPI_FLASH_H#define__BSP_SPI_FLASH_H#include"stm32f4xx.h"//宏定义（根据硬件连接调整）#defineBSP_GPIO_RCURCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOA#defineBSP_SPI_RCURCC_APB2Periph_SPI1#defineBSP_GPIO_PORTGPIOA#defineBSP_GPIO_AFGPIO_AF_SPI1#defineBSP_SPISPI1#defineBSP_SPI_NSSGPIO_Pin_4#defineBSP_SPI_SCKGPIO_Pin_5#defineBSP_SPI_MISOGPIO_Pin_6#defineBSP_SPI_MOSIGPIO_Pin_7//W25Q128指令集#defineW25X_WriteEnable0x06#defineW25X_ReadStatusReg0x05#defineW25X_PageProgram0x02#defineW25X_SectorErase0x20#defineW25X_BlockErase0xD8//64KB块擦除#defineW25X_ChipErase0xC7//整片擦除#defineW25X_ReadData0x03#defineW25X_FastReadData0x0B#defineW25X_ManufactDeviceID0x90#defineW25X_JedecDeviceID0x9F//函数声明voidSPI1_Init(void);voidW25Q_CS(uint8_tstate);uint8_tSPI1_ReadWriteByte(uint8_tTxData);voidW25Q_WaitBusy(void);voidW25Q_WriteEnable(void);uint32_tW25Q_ReadID(void);voidW25Q_SectorErase(uint32_taddr);voidW25Q_BlockErase(uint32_taddr);voidW25Q_ChipErase(void);voidW25Q_PageWrite(uint8_t*pBuffer,uint32_taddr,uint16_tlen);voidW25Q_ReadData(uint8_t*pBuffer,uint32_taddr,uint16_tlen);voidW25Q_FastReadData(uint8_t*pBuffer,uint32_taddr,uint16_tlen);#endif/*__BSP_SPI_FLASH_H*/```###源文件(bsp_spi_flash.c)```c#include"bsp_spi_flash.h"#include<string.h>//用于memcmp//SPI1初始化voidSPI1_Init(void){GPIO_InitTypeDefGPIO_InitStructure;SPI_InitTypeDefSPI_InitStructure;//1.使能时钟RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(BSP_GPIO_RCU,ENABLE);RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(BSP_SPI_RCU,ENABLE);//2.配置SPI引脚（SCK/MOSI/MISO）GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin=BSP_SPI_SCK|BSP_SPI_MOSI|BSP_SPI_MISO;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode=GPIO_Mode_AF;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType=GPIO_OType_PP;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed=GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd=GPIO_PuPd_UP;GPIO_Init(BSP_GPIO_PORT,&GPIO_InitStructure);//3.配置NSS引脚（软件控制）GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin=BSP_SPI_NSS;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode=GPIO_Mode_OUT;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType=GPIO_OType_PP;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed=GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd=GPIO_PuPd_UP;GPIO_Init(BSP_GPIO_PORT,&GPIO_InitStructure);//4.引脚复用映射GPIO_PinAFConfig(BSP_GPIO_PORT,GPIO_PinSource5,BSP_GPIO_AF);//SCKGPIO_PinAFConfig(BSP_GPIO_PORT,GPIO_PinSource6,BSP_GPIO_AF);//MISOGPIO_PinAFConfig(BSP_GPIO_PORT,GPIO_PinSource7,BSP_GPIO_AF);//MOSI//5.SPI参数配置SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Direction=SPI_Direction_2Lines_FullDuplex;SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Mode=SPI_Mode_Master;SPI_InitStructure.SPI_DataSize=SPI_DataSize_8b;SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPOL=SPI_CPOL_High;//W25Q128要求SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPHA=SPI_CPHA_2Edge;//W25Q128要求SPI_InitStructure.SPI_NSS=SPI_NSS_Soft;SPI_InitStructure.SPI_BaudRatePrescaler=SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_4;//42MHz/4=10.5MHzSPI_InitStructure.SPI_FirstBit=SPI_FirstBit_MSB;SPI_Init(BSP_SPI,&SPI_InitStructure);//6.使能SPISPI_Cmd(BSP_SPI,ENABLE);GPIO_SetBits(BSP_GPIO_PORT,BSP_SPI_NSS);//初始释放片选}//片选控制voidW25Q_CS(uint8_tstate){if(state)GPIO_SetBits(BSP_GPIO_PORT,BSP_SPI_NSS);elseGPIO_ResetBits(BSP_GPIO_PORT,BSP_SPI_NSS);}//SPI单字节收发uint8_tSPI1_ReadWriteByte(uint8_tTxData){while(SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(BSP_SPI,SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE)==RESET);//等待发送缓冲区空SPI_I2S_SendData(BSP_SPI,TxData);while(SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(BSP_SPI,SPI_I2S_FLAG_RXNE)==RESET);//等待接收完成returnSPI_I2S_ReceiveData(BSP_SPI);}//等待Flash操作完成voidW25Q_WaitBusy(void){uint8_tstatus;W25Q_CS(0);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(W25X_ReadStatusReg);do{status=SPI1_ReadWriteByte(0xFF);}while(status&0x01);//检查BUSY位W25Q_CS(1);}//写使能voidW25Q_WriteEnable(void){W25Q_CS(0);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(W25X_WriteEnable);W25Q_CS(1);}//读取设备ID（制造商ID+设备ID）uint32_tW25Q_ReadID(void){uint32_tid=0;W25Q_CS(0);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(W25X_ManufactDeviceID);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(0x00);//3个dummy字节SPI1_ReadWriteByte(0x00);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(0x00);id=SPI1_ReadWriteByte(0xFF)<<16;id|=SPI1_ReadWriteByte(0xFF)<<8;id|=SPI1_ReadWriteByte(0xFF);W25Q_CS(1);returnid;//正确ID应为0xEF4018}//扇区擦除（4KB）voidW25Q_SectorErase(uint32_taddr){W25Q_WriteEnable();W25Q_CS(0);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(W25X_SectorErase);SPI1_ReadWriteByte((addr>>16)&0xFF);//24位地址SPI1_ReadWriteByte((addr>>8)&0xFF);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(addr&0xFF);W25Q_CS(1);W25Q_WaitBusy();//等待擦除完成}//块擦除（64KB）voidW25Q_BlockErase(uint32_taddr){W25Q_WriteEnable();W25Q_CS(0);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(W25X_BlockErase);SPI1_ReadWriteByte((addr>>16)&0xFF);SPI1_ReadWriteByte((addr>>8)&0xFF);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(addr&0xFF);W25Q_CS(1);W25Q_WaitBusy();}//整片擦除voidW25Q_ChipErase(void){W25Q_WriteEnable();W25Q_CS(0);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(W25X_ChipErase);W25Q_CS(1);W25Q_WaitBusy();//等待时间较长，典型值几十秒}//页编程（最大256字节）voidW25Q_PageWrite(uint8_t*pBuffer,uint32_taddr,uint16_tlen){if(len>256)len=256;//限制长度W25Q_WriteEnable();W25Q_CS(0);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(W25X_PageProgram);SPI1_ReadWriteByte((addr>>16)&0xFF);SPI1_ReadWriteByte((addr>>8)&0xFF);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(addr&0xFF);for(uint16_ti=0;i<len;i++)SPI1_ReadWriteByte(pBuffer[i]);W25Q_CS(1);W25Q_WaitBusy();}//读取数据voidW25Q_ReadData(uint8_t*pBuffer,uint32_taddr,uint16_tlen){W25Q_CS(0);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(W25X_ReadData);SPI1_ReadWriteByte((addr>>16)&0xFF);SPI1_ReadWriteByte((addr>>8)&0xFF);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(addr&0xFF);for(uint16_ti=0;i<len;i++)pBuffer[i]=SPI1_ReadWriteByte(0xFF);W25Q_CS(1);}//快速读取数据（使用dummy时钟）voidW25Q_FastReadData(uint8_t*pBuffer,uint32_taddr,uint16_tlen){W25Q_CS(0);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(W25X_FastReadData);SPI1_ReadWriteByte((addr>>16)&0xFF);SPI1_ReadWriteByte((addr>>8)&0xFF);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(addr&0xFF);SPI1_ReadWriteByte(0xFF);//dummybytefor(uint16_ti=0;i<len;i++)pBuffer[i]=SPI1_ReadWriteByte(0xFF);W25Q_CS(1);}```###示例主程序(main.c)```c#include"stm32f4xx.h"#include"bsp_spi_flash.h"intmain(void){//初始化SPI和FlashSPI1_Init();//验证Flash连接uint32_tflash_id=W25Q_ReadID();if(flash_id!=0xEF4018){//错误处理（例如点亮LED）while(1);}//测试数据uint8_twrite_data[256]="STM32F4+W25Q128TestData";uint8_tread_data[256];uint32_tsector_addr=0x000000;//扇区起始地址//擦除扇区W25Q_SectorErase(sector_addr);//写入数据W25Q_PageWrite(write_data,sector_addr,sizeof(write_data));//读取验证W25Q_ReadData(read_data,sector_addr,sizeof(read_data));//比较数据if(memcmp(write_data,read_data,sizeof(write_data)){//数据校验失败}else{//操作成功}while(1);}```###代码结构说明：1.**头文件(bsp_spi_flash.h)**:-包含所有必要的宏定义（引脚、指令等）-声明SPI初始化及Flash操作函数2.**源文件(bsp_spi_flash.c)**:-实现SPI初始化（GPIO配置、SPI参数设置）-实现基本的Flash操作：擦除（扇区/块/整片）、编程（页写）、读取-包含等待忙状态和写使能等必要辅助函数3.**主程序(main.c)**:-演示初始化流程-执行ID验证、擦除、写入和读取验证操作###关键改进：1.**增强的擦除功能**：-提供扇区擦除(4KB)、块擦除(64KB)和整片擦除三种方式-满足不同应用场景的需求2.**快速读取模式**：-添加`W25Q_FastReadData`函数，通过dummyclock提高读取速度3.**安全限制**：-页写函数增加长度限制（<=256字节）4.**错误处理**：-主程序中对设备ID进行验证，确保硬件连接正确###使用注意事项：1.**跨页写入**：-当写入数据跨页时，需要拆分操作（参考之前的多页写入函数）2.**擦除时间**：-整片擦除时间长达数十秒，需根据实际需求谨慎使用3.**电源稳定性**：-写/擦除操作期间必须保证电源稳定，意外断电可能导致数据损坏§§相关问题§§:1.如何实现W25Q128的写保护功能？2.怎样使用SPI的DMA传输来提高读写效率？3.如何设计一个简单的文件系统来管理W25Q128？4.在多任务系统中如何安全地操作SPIFlash（避免并发访问）？</think>以下是分为头文件(.h)和源文件(.c)的完整实现方案，适用于STM32F407VGT6与W25Q128 Flash存储器的通信： ### 头文件 (bsp_spi_flash.h) ```c #ifndef __BSP_SPI_FLASH_H #define __BSP_SPI_FLASH_H #include "stm32f4xx.h" // 硬件配置宏定义 #define BSP_GPIO_RCU RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOA #define BSP_SPI_RCU RCC_APB2Periph_SPI1 #define BSP_GPIO_PORT GPIOA #define BSP_GPIO_AF GPIO_AF_SPI1 #define BSP_SPI SPI1 #define BSP_SPI_NSS GPIO_Pin_4 #define BSP_SPI_SCK GPIO_Pin_5 #define BSP_SPI_MISO GPIO_Pin_6 #define BSP_SPI_MOSI GPIO_Pin_7 // W25Q128指令集 #define W25X_WriteEnable 0x06 #define W25X_WriteDisable 0x04 #define W25X_ReadStatusReg1 0x05 #define W25X_ReadStatusReg2 0x35 #define W25X_WriteStatusReg 0x01 #define W25X_PageProgram 0x02 #define W25X_QuadPageProgram 0x32 #define W25X_BlockErase 0xD8 #define W25X_SectorErase 0x20 #define W25X_ChipErase 0xC7 #define W25X_ReadData 0x03 #define W25X_FastRead 0x0B #define W25X_FastReadQuad 0xEB #define W25X_PowerDown 0xB9 #define W25X_ReleasePowerDown 0xAB #define W25X_DeviceID 0xAB #define W25X_ManufactDeviceID 0x90 #define W25X_JedecDeviceID 0x9F #define W25X_Enable4ByteAddr 0xB7 #define W25X_Exit4ByteAddr 0xE9 // Flash参数 #define W25Q128_SECTOR_SIZE 4096 // 4KB #define W25Q128_PAGE_SIZE 256 // 256字节 #define W25Q128_SECTOR_COUNT 4096 // 16MB / 4KB = 4096 sectors // 函数声明 void SPI_Flash_Init(void); void W25Q_CS(uint8_t state); uint8_t SPI_ReadWriteByte(uint8_t TxData); void W25Q_WaitBusy(void); void W25Q_WriteEnable(void); uint32_t W25Q_ReadID(void); void W25Q_SectorErase(uint32_t SectorAddr); void W25Q_BlockErase(uint32_t BlockAddr); void W25Q_ChipErase(void); void W25Q_PageWrite(uint8_t* pBuffer, uint32_t WriteAddr, uint16_t NumByteToWrite); void W25Q_WriteData(uint8_t* pBuffer, uint32_t WriteAddr, uint32_t NumByteToWrite); void W25Q_ReadData(uint8_t* pBuffer, uint32_t ReadAddr, uint32_t NumByteToRead); void W25Q_ReadFast(uint8_t* pBuffer, uint32_t ReadAddr, uint32_t NumByteToRead); void W25Q_PowerDown(void); void W25Q_WakeUp(void); uint8_t W25Q_ReadSR(uint8_t regno); void W25Q_WriteSR(uint8_t regno, uint8_t sr); #endif /* __BSP_SPI_FLASH_H */ ``` ### 源文件 (bsp_spi_flash.c) ```c #include "bsp_spi_flash.h" #include "delay.h" // 需要实现毫秒级延时函数 // SPI初始化 void SPI_Flash_Init(void) { GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; SPI_InitTypeDef SPI_InitStructure; // 1. 使能时钟 RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(BSP_GPIO_RCU, ENABLE); RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(BSP_SPI_RCU, ENABLE); // 2. 配置SPI引脚（SCK/MOSI/MISO） GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = BSP_SPI_SCK | BSP_SPI_MOSI | BSP_SPI_MISO; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP; GPIO_Init(BSP_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure); // 3. 配置NSS引脚（软件控制） GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = BSP_SPI_NSS; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_OUT; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP; GPIO_Init(BSP_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure); // 4. 引脚复用映射 GPIO_PinAFConfig(BSP_GPIO_PORT, GPIO_PinSource5, BSP_GPIO_AF); // SCK GPIO_PinAFConfig(BSP_GPIO_PORT, GPIO_PinSource6, BSP_GPIO_AF); // MISO GPIO_PinAFConfig(BSP_GPIO_PORT, GPIO_PinSource7, BSP_GPIO_AF); // MOSI // 5. SPI参数配置 SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Direction = SPI_Direction_2Lines_FullDuplex; SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Mode = SPI_Mode_Master; SPI_InitStructure.SPI_DataSize = SPI_DataSize_8b; SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPOL = SPI_CPOL_High; // W25Q128要求 SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPHA = SPI_CPHA_2Edge; // W25Q128要求 SPI_InitStructure.SPI_NSS = SPI_NSS_Soft; SPI_InitStructure.SPI_BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_4; // 10.5MHz SPI_InitStructure.SPI_FirstBit = SPI_FirstBit_MSB; SPI_Init(BSP_SPI, &SPI_InitStructure); // 6. 使能SPI SPI_Cmd(BSP_SPI, ENABLE); W25Q_CS(1); // 初始释放片选 } // 片选控制 void W25Q_CS(uint8_t state) { if (state) GPIO_SetBits(BSP_GPIO_PORT, BSP_SPI_NSS); else GPIO_ResetBits(BSP_GPIO_PORT, BSP_SPI_NSS); } // SPI单字节收发 uint8_t SPI_ReadWriteByte(uint8_t TxData) { while (SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(BSP_SPI, SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE) == RESET); SPI_I2S_SendData(BSP_SPI, TxData); while (SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(BSP_SPI, SPI_I2S_FLAG_RXNE) == RESET); return SPI_I2S_ReceiveData(BSP_SPI); } // 等待Flash操作完成 void W25Q_WaitBusy(void) { while ((W25Q_ReadSR(1) & 0x01) == 0x01); // 检查状态寄存器1的BUSY位 } // 写使能 void W25Q_WriteEnable(void) { W25Q_CS(0); SPI_ReadWriteByte(W25X_WriteEnable); W25Q_CS(1); } // 读取设备ID uint32_t W25Q_ReadID(void) { uint32_t id = 0; W25Q_CS(0); SPI_ReadWriteByte(W25X_JedecDeviceID); id |= SPI_ReadWriteByte(0xFF) << 16; id |= SPI_ReadWriteByte(0xFF) << 8; id |= SPI_ReadWriteByte(0xFF); W25Q_CS(1); return id; // 正确ID应为0xEF4018 } // 扇区擦除（4KB） void W25Q_SectorErase(uint32_t SectorAddr) { SectorAddr *= W25Q128_SECTOR_SIZE; // 转换为实际地址 W25Q_WriteEnable(); W25Q_CS(0); SPI_ReadWriteByte(W25X_SectorErase); SPI_ReadWriteByte((SectorAddr >> 16) & 0xFF); SPI_ReadWriteByte((SectorAddr >> 8) & 0xFF); SPI_ReadWriteByte(SectorAddr & 0xFF); W25Q_CS(1); W25Q_WaitBusy(); // 等待擦除完成 } // 块擦除（64KB） void W25Q_BlockErase(uint32_t BlockAddr) { BlockAddr *= W25Q128_SECTOR_SIZE * 16; // 转换为实际地址 W25Q_WriteEnable(); W25Q_CS(0); SPI_ReadWriteByte(W25X_BlockErase); SPI_ReadWriteByte((BlockAddr >> 16) & 0xFF); SPI_ReadWriteByte((BlockAddr >> 8) & 0xFF); SPI_ReadWriteByte(BlockAddr & 0xFF); W25Q_CS(1); W25Q_WaitBusy(); } // 整片擦除 void W25Q_ChipErase(void) { W25Q_WriteEnable(); W25Q_CS(0); SPI_ReadWriteByte(W25X_ChipErase); W25Q_CS(1); W25Q_WaitBusy(); // 等待时间较长（典型值几十秒） } // 页编程（最大256字节） void W25Q_PageWrite(uint8_t* pBuffer, uint32_t WriteAddr, uint16_t NumByteToWrite) { if (NumByteToWrite > W25Q128_PAGE_SIZE) NumByteToWrite = W25Q128_PAGE_SIZE; W25Q_WriteEnable(); W25Q_CS(0); SPI_ReadWriteByte(W25X_PageProgram); SPI_ReadWriteByte((WriteAddr >> 16) & 0xFF); SPI_ReadWriteByte((WriteAddr >> 8) & 0xFF); SPI_ReadWriteByte(WriteAddr & 0xFF); for(uint16_t i = 0; i < NumByteToWrite; i++) SPI_ReadWriteByte(pBuffer[i]); W25Q_CS(1); W25Q_WaitBusy(); } // 通用数据写入（处理跨页） void W25Q_WriteData(uint8_t* pBuffer, uint32_t WriteAddr, uint32_t NumByteToWrite) { uint32_t secpos; uint16_t secoff; uint16_t secremain; uint16_t i; uint8_t *p = pBuffer; secpos = WriteAddr / W25Q128_SECTOR_SIZE; // 扇区地址 secoff = WriteAddr % W25Q128_SECTOR_SIZE; // 在扇区内的偏移 secremain = W25Q128_SECTOR_SIZE - secoff; // 扇区剩余空间 if (NumByteToWrite <= secremain) secremain = NumByteToWrite; while(1) { W25Q_ReadData(p, WriteAddr, secremain); // 先读取整个扇区 for (i = 0; i < secremain; i++) { // 校验数据是否需要修改 if (p[i] != 0xFF) break; // 需要擦除 } if (i < secremain) { // 需要擦除 W25Q_SectorErase(secpos); // 擦除整个扇区 for (i = 0; i < secremain; i++) { // 复制要修改的数据 p[i] = *pBuffer++; } W25Q_PageWrite(p, WriteAddr, secremain); // 写入整个扇区 } else { W25Q_PageWrite(pBuffer, WriteAddr, secremain); // 直接写入 pBuffer += secremain; } if (NumByteToWrite == secremain) break; // 写入完成 else { // 写入未完成 secpos++; // 扇区地址增1 secoff = 0; // 偏移位置为0 WriteAddr += secremain; // 写入地址递增 NumByteToWrite -= secremain; // 字节数递减 if (NumByteToWrite > W25Q128_SECTOR_SIZE) secremain = W25Q128_SECTOR_SIZE; // 下一个扇区还是写不完 else secremain = NumByteToWrite; // 下一个扇区可以写完 } } } // 标准读取 void W25Q_ReadData(uint8_t* pBuffer, uint32_t ReadAddr, uint32_t NumByteToRead) { W25Q_CS(0); SPI_ReadWriteByte(W25X_ReadData); SPI_ReadWriteByte((ReadAddr >> 16) & 0xFF); SPI_ReadWriteByte((ReadAddr >> 8) & 0xFF); SPI_ReadWriteByte(ReadAddr & 0xFF); for(uint32_t i = 0; i < NumByteToRead; i++) pBuffer[i] = SPI_ReadWriteByte(0xFF); W25Q_CS(1); } // 快速读取（更高速率） void W25Q_ReadFast(uint8_t* pBuffer, uint32_t ReadAddr, uint32_t NumByteToRead) { W25Q_CS(0); SPI_ReadWriteByte(W25X_FastRead); SPI_ReadWriteByte((ReadAddr >> 16) & 0xFF); SPI_ReadWriteByte((ReadAddr >> 8) & 0xFF); SPI_ReadWriteByte(ReadAddr & 0xFF); SPI_ReadWriteByte(0xFF); // dummy byte for(uint32_t i = 0; i < NumByteToRead; i++) pBuffer[i] = SPI_ReadWriteByte(0xFF); W25Q_CS(1); } // 读取状态寄存器 uint8_t W25Q_ReadSR(uint8_t regno) { uint8_t byte = 0, command = 0; if (regno == 1) command = W25X_ReadStatusReg1; else if (regno == 2) command = W25X_ReadStatusReg2; else return 0; W25Q_CS(0); SPI_ReadWriteByte(command); byte = SPI_ReadWriteByte(0xFF); W25Q_CS(1); return byte; } // 写入状态寄存器 void W25Q_WriteSR(uint8_t regno, uint8_t sr) { uint8_t command = 0; if (regno == 1) command = W25X_WriteStatusReg; else if (regno == 2) command = W25X_WriteStatusReg; else return; W25Q_WriteEnable(); W25Q_CS(0); SPI_ReadWriteByte(command); SPI_ReadWriteByte(sr); W25Q_CS(1); } // 进入低功耗模式 void W25Q_PowerDown(void) { W25Q_CS(0); SPI_ReadWriteByte(W25X_PowerDown); W25Q_CS(1); delay_ms(1); // 等待指令完成 } // 唤醒设备 void W25Q_WakeUp(void) { W25Q_CS(0); SPI_ReadWriteByte(W25X_ReleasePowerDown); W25Q_CS(1); delay_ms(1); // 等待唤醒 } ``` ### 主程序示例 (main.c) ```c #include "stm32f4xx.h" #include "bsp_spi_flash.h" int main(void) { // 初始化系统时钟等 SystemInit(); // 初始化SPI Flash SPI_Flash_Init(); // 验证Flash连接 if(W25Q_ReadID() != 0xEF4018) { // 错误处理 while(1); } // 测试数据 uint8_t write_data[512] = "STM32F4 with W25Q128 Flash Memory Test"; uint8_t read_data[512]; uint32_t sector_addr = 1024; // 第1024个扇区 // 擦除扇区 W25Q_SectorErase(sector_addr); // 写入数据 W25Q_WriteData(write_data, sector_addr * W25Q128_SECTOR_SIZE, sizeof(write_data)); // 读取数据 W25Q_ReadData(read_data, sector_addr * W25Q128_SECTOR_SIZE, sizeof(read_data)); // 验证数据 for(int i = 0; i < sizeof(write_data); i++) { if(write_data[i] != read_data[i]) { // 数据校验错误处理 break; } } // 进入低功耗模式 W25Q_PowerDown(); while(1) { // 主循环 } } ``` ### 代码结构说明： 1. **头文件 (bsp_spi_flash.h)**： - 包含所有宏定义（硬件配置和指令集） - 定义Flash参数（扇区大小、页大小等） - 声明所有公共函数接口 2. **源文件 (bsp_spi_flash.c)**： - **SPI初始化**：配置GPIO和SPI外设 - **底层通信**：片选控制、字节传输 - **基本操作**：等待忙状态、写使能、ID读取 - **存储操作**：擦除（扇区/块/整片）、编程（页写）、读取 - **高级功能**：状态寄存器操作、低功耗模式 3. **关键特性**： - **跨页写入处理**：`W25Q_WriteData`自动处理跨页和擦除需求 - **安全写入**：先读取后校验，避免不必要的擦除 - **低功耗支持**：`PowerDown`和`WakeUp`函数 - **快速读取**：支持高速读取模式 ### 使用注意事项： 1. **地址处理**： - 擦除函数使用扇区号作为参数（0-4095） - 读写函数使用实际字节地址 2. **写入限制**： - 单次写入不能超过256字节（页大小） - 写入前必须先擦除（擦除最小单位4KB） 3. **性能优化**： - 批量写入时，使用`W25Q_WriteData`自动处理扇区边界 - 读取大量数据时使用`W25Q_ReadFast` 4. **低功耗模式**： - 不操作Flash时可进入PowerDown模式（电流<1μA） - 唤醒需要约3μs延迟