活动介绍

AC: [AC6605]sysname AC1 [AC1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/19 [AC1-GigabitEthernet0/0/19]port link-type trunk [AC1-GigabitEthernet0/0/19]port trunk allow-pass vlan all [AC1-GigabitEthernet0/0/19]q [AC1]vlan batch 100 101 Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [AC1]dhcp enable Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done. [AC1]interface vlan100 [AC1-Vlanif100]ip address 192.168.100.1 24 使用接口模式给AP地址池 [AC1-Vlanif100]dhcp select interface [AC1-Vlanif100]display this # interface Vlanif100 ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0 dhcp select interface # return [AC1-Vlanif100]q [AC1]capwap source interface vlanif 100 [AC1]wlan [AC1-wlan-view]security-profile name sec [AC1-wlan-sec-prof-sec]security wpa-wpa2 psk pass-phrase zz1234567 aes [AC1-wlan-sec-prof-sec]q [AC1-wlan-view]ssid-profile name ssid [AC1-wlan-ssid-prof-ssid]ssid wlan-2024 Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait.done. [AC1-wlan-ssid-prof-ssid]q [AC1-wlan-view]vap-profile name vap [AC1-wlan-vap-prof-vap]security-profile sec Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait.done. [AC1-wlan-vap-prof-vap]ssid-profile ssid Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait.done. [AC1-wlan-vap-prof-vap]service-vlan vlan-id 101 Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait.done. [AC1-wlan-vap-prof-vap]dis this # service-vlan vlan-id 101 ssid-profile ssid security-profile sec # return [AC1-wlan-vap-prof-vap]q [AC1-wlan-view]ap-group name ap Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done. [AC1-wlan-ap-group-ap]q [AC1-wlan-view]ap-id 1 ap-mac 00e0-fc11-0450 ap1:display arp [AC1-wlan-ap-1]ap-name ap1 [AC1-wlan-ap-1]ap-group ap Warning: This operation may cause AP reset. If the country code changes, it will clear channel, power and antenna gain configurations of the radio, Whether to c ontinue? [Y/N]:y Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.. done. [AC1-wlan-ap-1]ap-id 2 ap-mac 00e0-fc04-7bf0 ap2:display arp [AC1-wlan-ap-2]ap-name ap2 [AC1-wlan-ap-2]ap-group ap Warning: This operation may cause AP reset. If the country code changes, it will clear channel, power and antenna gain configurations of the radio, Whether to c ontinue? [Y/N]:y Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.. done. [AC1-wlan-ap-2]q [AC1-wlan-view]ap-group name ap [AC1-wlan-ap-group-ap]vap-profile vap wlan 1 radio 0 Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait...done. [AC1-wlan-ap-group-ap]vap-profile vap wlan 1 radio 1 Info: This operation may take a few seconds, please wait...done. 为什么AP显示cfg状态,无法连接到STA

时间: 2025-08-01 11:29:59 浏览: 23
<think>我们正在排查HuaweiAC6605AP显示cfg状态但STA无法连接的问题。cfg状态通常表示AP已从AC获取配置,但可能存在配置错误或无线环境问题导致STA无法连接。根据引用资料和华为知识库,排查步骤应包括:1.检查AP与AC的通信状态2.验证AP射频状态和信道配置3.检查SSID和安全策略配置4.查看STA关联失败的具体原因(通过日志或诊断工具)具体操作如下:###一、检查AP与AC通信状态1.**确认AP状态**在AC上执行:```bashdisplayapall```观察目标AP的"State"字段:-**cfg**:表示AP已获取配置,但可能未正常启动射频(常见于配置错误或信道不可用)-**normal**:正常状态(若为normal则跳过此步)2.**检查AP上线日志**```bashdisplayaponline-record<ap-name>```重点排查:-AP是否成功下载配置文件-是否存在配置冲突(如信道不匹配)###二、验证射频与信道配置1.**检查射频状态**```bashdisplayradioall```确认:-**AdminState**是否为`ON`(若为OFF需手动开启)-**Channel**是否被正确分配(避免雷达信道DFS或非法信道)2.**排查信道干扰**执行频谱扫描(需AP支持):```bashdisplayradiochannel-switch-info<ap-id>```若信道被雷达占用,AC会自动切换信道,此过程可能导致STA掉线。###三、检查SSID和安全策略1.**确认SSID配置**```bashdisplaywlanssid-profilename<profile-name>```确保:-SSID名称与STA搜索的一致(避免隐藏SSID)-广播状态为`broadcastenable`2.**验证安全策略**```bashdisplaywlansecurity-profilename<security-name>```检查:-加密方式(如WPA2-PSK)是否与STA匹配[^1]-密码是否正确(可通过`resetwlanap<ap-id>`重启AP后重试)###四、STA关联失败诊断1.**查看关联失败日志**```bashdisplaystationfailed-record```根据失败原因采取行动:|失败码|含义|解决方案||--------|-----------------------|------------------------------||15|密码错误|检查STA和AC的密码配置||17|AP用户数达上限|调整`max-sta-number`参数||19|无线空口质量差|优化AP位置或信道|2.**抓包分析(高级)**在AC上启动诊断:```bashdebuggingwlanmaceventterminalmonitor```观察STA关联过程中的802.11报文交互(如AssociationRequest/Response)。###五、常见问题解决-**问题1:AP在cfg状态卡住****原因**:射频模板配置了不支持的信道(如AP7050DN在5G仅支持36-64信道,但配置了149信道)**解决**:修改射频模板信道为自动或合法值:```bashradio-profilename<profile>channelauto#或手动指定合法信道```-**问题2:STA反复断开重连(引用[3])****原因**:AC的ARP表项异常或STA兼容性问题**解决**:```bashresetarpall#清除ARP缓存wlansecurity-profilename<profile>securitywpa2pskpass-phrase<密码>aes#强制AES加密提升兼容性[^2]```###六、联动优化建议-**调整AP功率**(避免信号过强导致同频干扰):```bashradio-profilename<profile>eirp15#根据实际环境调整(dBm)```-**启用频谱导航**(平衡5G/2.4G负载):```bashwlanband-steerenable```>**注意**:若问题仍未解决,收集以下信息并联系华为技术支持:>-AP日志:`displaylogbufferap<ap-mac>`>-AC诊断信息:`displaydiagnostic-information`§§相关问题§§1.如何解决华为AP频繁掉线的问题?2.华为AC如何配置多SSID并隔离不同VLAN?3.如何优化高密度场景下的WLAN性能?4.华为AC6605支持的最大AP数量是多少?</think>### Huawei AC6605 AP显示cfg状态但STA无法连接的原因及解决方法 #### **故障现象分析** AP显示**cfg状态**表示已成功从AC获取配置,但STA无法连接,可能由以下原因导致: 1. **射频参数冲突**:信道/功率配置错误(如雷达信道占用)[^1] 2. **安全策略不匹配**:STA与AP的加密认证方式不一致 3. **空口环境干扰**:同频干扰或信号衰减严重 4. **STA限制策略**:MAC过滤、接入用户数超限等 5. **配置未生效**:AP未应用新配置 --- ### **排查与解决步骤** #### **1. 验证AP状态与配置同步** ```bash <AC6605> display ap all # 检查AP状态 # 正常状态应为"normal",若为"cfg"需强制同步 <AC6605> reset ap configuration <ap-id> # 强制AP重新同步配置 ``` #### **2. 检查射频参数** **关键命令**: ```bash <AC6605> display radio <ap-id> # 查看射频状态 # 重点关注: # Channel: 是否被DFS占用(如检测到雷达会切换信道) # Tx Power: 功率是否过低(建议>15dBm) # Admin State: 是否被禁用(需为ON) ``` **解决方法**: - **雷达信道规避**: ```bash [AC6605] radio-profile name default channel auto # 改为自动信道选择 ``` - **功率调整**: ```bash [AC6605] radio-profile name default eirp 20 # 提升发射功率(单位dBm) ``` #### **3. 验证安全策略匹配性** ```bash <AC6605> display wlan security-profile <profile-name> # 检查加密方式(WPA2-PSK/AES为通用配置) ``` **配置建议**: ```bash [AC6605] wlan security-profile name default security wpa2 psk pass-phrase Huawei@123 aes # 标准配置 ``` #### **4. 排查空口干扰** **诊断命令**: ```bash <AC6605> display radio channel-switch-info <ap-id> # 查看信道切换记录 <AC6605> display radio noise <ap-id> # 检查噪声水平(<-85dBm为异常) ``` **优化方案**: - 使用5GHz频段减少干扰 - 启用频谱导航功能: ```bash [AC6605] wlan band-steer enable # 引导STA优先连接5GHz ``` #### **5. 检查STA接入限制策略** ```bash <AC6605> display station blacklist # 查看MAC黑名单 <AC6605> display ap connected sta <ap-id> # 检查当前用户数 ``` **调整策略**: ```bash [AC6605] wlan max-sta-number 64 # 调大单AP接入用户数 [AC6605] undo station blacklist all # 清空MAC黑名单 ``` #### **6. 抓包分析关联过程** 在AC上启动空口报文捕获: ```bash <AC6605> debugging wlan mac event # 开启调试 <AC6605> terminal monitor # 实时查看日志 ``` **关键日志分析**: - `Association Request/Response`:验证802.11关联交互 - `AUTH_TYPE_MISMATCH`:加密方式不匹配错误 - `REASON_CODE_15`:关联被拒绝(通常因安全策略) --- ### **典型故障场景解决** | **故障现象** | **根本原因** | **解决方案** | |---------------------------|------------------------------|---------------------------------------| | STA反复断开重连 | 信道被雷达占用 | 切换非DFS信道(36/40/44/48) | | 部分STA无法连接 | MAC地址过滤 | `undo station blacklist <mac>` | | 连接后无数据传输 | 加密方式不兼容 | 统一配置为WPA2-PSK/AES | | 信号强但无法关联 | AP用户数超限 | `max-sta-number`调大或启用负载均衡 | > **最后验证**: > 在STA端执行: > ```bash > ping 192.168.100.1 -t # 持续ping网关 > netsh wlan show networks mode=bssid # 查看信号强度 > ```
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vlan 1 # vlan 2 to 6 # vlan 8 # vlan 10 # vlan 20 description internet # vlan 100 # vlan 300 # radius scheme system server-type extended primary authentication 127.0.0.1 1645 primary accounting 127.0.0.1 1646 user-name-format without-domain # domain system access-limit disable state active idle-cut disable self-service-url disable # user-group system group-attribute allow-guest # local-user adminDD password cipher $c$3$3qdA7xAZc3IE6qFaB13/YsI/jOV6mWGYbGFleemKaiUQ authorization-attribute level 3 service-type ssh local-user nbaym password cipher $c$3$o3L5zwZ6tiYYlwBcbF/wtxuOs24kd1z6Na7H5EPraA== authorization-attribute level 3 service-type ssh password-control aging 90 local-user nbaym_audit password cipher $c$3$5L+JRw2qI3ZP0zSMIgdeFeFPZyCVUPQznsUwzj+/J4rj2Q3Beg== authorization-attribute level 3 authorization-attribute user-role security-audit service-type ssh password-control aging 90 # cwmp undo cwmp enable # interface NULL0 # interface Vlan-interface1 ip address dhcp-alloc client-identifier mac Vlan-interface1 # interface Vlan-interface2 ip address 172.16.10.254 255.255.255.0 ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 sub ip address 172.16.100.254 255.255.255.0 sub ip address 10.51.103.253 255.255.255.0 sub # interface Vlan-interface3 ip address 172.16.11.1 255.255.255.0 # interface Vlan-interface4 ip address 172.16.12.1 255.255.255.0 # interface Vlan-interface5 ip address 172.16.13.1 255.255.255.0 # interface Vlan-interface6 ip address 172.16.14.1 255.255.255.0 packet-filter 3000 inbound # interface Vlan-interface8 ip address 172.16.8.254 255.255.255.0 # interface Vlan-interface10 # interface Vlan-interface20 ip address 172.16.20.254 255.255.255.0 # interface Vlan-interface100 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 # interface Vlan-interface300 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/24 port link-mode route ip address 192.168.100.254 255.255.255.0 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 20 loopback-detection enable mirroring-group 1 monitor-port # 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interface GigabitEthernet1/0/10 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 2 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/11 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 2 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/12 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 2 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/13 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 2 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/14 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 2 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/15 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 2 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/16 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 2 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/17 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 2 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/18 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 2 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/19 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 8 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/20 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 8 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/21 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 2 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/22 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 100 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/23 port link-mode bridge description con-msr3640-gongweiwang port access vlan 2 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/25 port link-mode bridge # interface Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/26 port link-mode bridge # interface Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/27 port link-mode bridge # interface Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/28 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 2 # ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.20.253 ip route-static 10.17.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.51.103.254 ip route-static 10.51.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.51.103.254 ip route-static 10.51.103.0 255.255.255.0 10.51.103.254 ip route-static 10.87.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.16.1.2 ip route-static 10.247.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.16.1.2 ip route-static 10.249.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.16.1.2 ip route-static 10.254.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.51.103.254 ip route-static 59.255.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.51.103.254 ip route-static 59.255.152.8 255.255.255.255 10.51.103.254 ip route-static 170.1.2.160 255.255.255.252 172.16.1.2 ip route-static 172.16.10.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.11.254 ip route-static 172.16.10.0 255.255.255.0 59.255.152.6 ip route-static 172.16.10.244 255.255.255.254 59.255.152.6 ip route-static 172.16.11.1 255.255.255.255 172.16.10.1 ip route-static 172.16.11.1 255.255.255.255 172.16.10.206 ip route-static 172.31.117.0 255.255.255.0 10.51.103.254 ip route-static 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.51.103.254 ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.8.253 ip route-static 192.168.213.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.10.206 ip route-static 215.20.132.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.2 ip route-static 215.20.132.20 255.255.255.252 172.16.1.2 ip route-static 215.249.99.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.2 # info-center loghost source Vlan-interface2 info-center loghost 172.16.10.107 # dhcp enable # ntp-service unicast-server 10.254.80.250 # ssh server enable ssh user nbaym service-type stelnet authentication-type password # load xml-configuration # load tr069-configuration # user-interface aux 0 authentication-mode password set authentication password cipher $c$3$MIeu7TJL/2Pts19+7pCWpwRuvZmVmwgmWzTk0E5opQ== user-interface vty 0 4 acl 2000 inbound authentication-mode scheme user privilege level 3 idle-timeout 15 0 protocol inbound ssh user-interface vty 5 15

在secure CRT9.2上分析: version 7.1.070, Release 6328P03 # sysname H3C # telnet server enable # irf mac-address persistent timer irf auto-update enable undo irf link-delay irf member 1 priority 1 # mirroring-group 1 local # lldp global enable # password-recovery enable # vlan 1 # vlan 5 # vlan 20 # vlan 36 # vlan 38 to 39 # interface NULL0 # interface Vlan-interface1 ip address 192.168.0.233 255.255.255.0 dhcp client identifier ascii f4e975b78bd0-VLAN0001 # interface Vlan-interface20 ip address 172.16.20.1 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 port link-type trunk undo port trunk permit vlan 1 port trunk permit vlan 20 mirroring-group 1 mirroring-port both # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3 port access vlan 38 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.200 mac-address dc62-9446-6779 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/4 port access vlan 38 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.200 mac-address dc62-9446-6779 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/7 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/8 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/9 port access vlan 38 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.2 mac-address 4437-e630-2817 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.40 mac-address 0022-1921-0221 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.43 mac-address 6c4b-9079-e910 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.54 mac-address 00e0-66f7-0c80 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/10 port access vlan 38 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.2 mac-address 4437-e630-2817 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.40 mac-address 0022-1921-0221 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.43 mac-address 6c4b-9079-e910 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.54 mac-address 00e0-66f7-0c80 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/11 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/12 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/13 port access vlan 36 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.36.70 mac-address d8cb-8a6b-7d62 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.36.133 mac-address e0be-0394-3c6c # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/14 port access vlan 36 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.36.3 mac-address 4487-fc6b-e7eb ip source binding ip-address 172.16.36.65 mac-address 94c6-9182-eb09 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/15 port access vlan 36 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.36.57 mac-address 94c6-9182-eb58 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.36.134 mac-address e0be-0394-3bce # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/16 port access vlan 36 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.36.64 mac-address 94c6-912f-4844 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.36.83 mac-address 94c6-91d7-d8df # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/17 port access vlan 38 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.2 mac-address 4437-e630-2817 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.3 mac-address 4487-fc6b-e7eb ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.40 mac-address 0022-1921-0221 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.43 mac-address 6c4b-9079-e910 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.54 mac-address 00e0-66f7-0c80 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.137 mac-address e0be-039f-d655 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.138 mac-address e0be-039f-d052 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.139 mac-address e0be-039f-d2f8 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/18 port access vlan 38 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.2 mac-address 4437-e630-2817 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.3 mac-address 4487-fc6b-e7eb ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.40 mac-address 0022-1921-0221 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.43 mac-address 6c4b-9079-e910 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.54 mac-address 00e0-66f7-0c80 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.137 mac-address e0be-039f-d655 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.138 mac-address e0be-039f-d052 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.38.139 mac-address e0be-039f-d2f8 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/19 port access vlan 36 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.36.61 mac-address 94c6-9103-a33b # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/20 port access vlan 36 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.36.61 mac-address 94c6-9103-a33b # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/21 port access vlan 36 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.36.127 mac-address e0be-0394-6da0 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/22 port access vlan 36 ip source binding ip-address 172.16.36.87 mac-address 2cea-7f39-5aa9 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/23 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/24 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/25 port link-type trunk undo port trunk permit vlan 1 port trunk permit vlan 5 20 31 34 36 38 to 39 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/26 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/27 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/28 # scheduler logfile size 16 # line class aux authentication-mode scheme user-role network-admin # line class vty authentication-mode scheme user-role network-operator # line aux 0 user-role network-admin # line vty 0 63 user-role network-operator # snmp-agent snmp-agent local-engineid 800063A280F4E975B78BDB00000001 snmp-agent community write private snmp-agent community read public snmp-agent sys-info version all # domain system # domain default enable system # role name level-0 description Predefined level-0 role # role name level-1 description Predefined level-1 role # role name level-2 description Predefined level-2 role # role name level-3 description Predefined level-3 role # role name level-4 description Predefined level-4 role # role name level-5 description Predefined level-5 role # role name level-6 description Predefined level-6 role # role name level-7 description Predefined level-7 role # role name level-8 description Predefined level-8 role # role name level-9 description Predefined level-9 role # role name level-10 description Predefined level-10 role # role name level-11 description Predefined level-11 role # role name level-12 description Predefined level-12 role # role name level-13 description Predefined level-13 role # 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<R4>dis cu [V200R003C00] # sysname R4 # snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000 snmp-agent # clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00 # portal local-server load portalpage.zip # drop illegal-mac alarm # set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75 # acl number 2000 rule 5 permit source 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 # aaa authentication-scheme default authorization-scheme default accounting-scheme default domain default domain default_admin local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<08bmE3Uw}%$%$ local-user admin service-type http # firewall zone Local priority 15 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 ip address 45.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 nat outbound 2000 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ip address 192.168.4.254 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 # interface NULL0 # interface Tunnel0/0/1 mtu 1476 description 15.1.1.1 ip address 10.1.2.2 255.255.255.0 tunnel-protocol gre source 45.1.1.1 # rip 1 undo summary version 2 network 10.0.0.0 network 192.168.4.0 # ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 45.1.1.2 # user-interface con 0 authentication-mode password user-interface vty 0 4 user-interface vty 16 20 # wlan ac # return <R1>dis cu [V200R003C00] # sysname R1 # board add 0/4 2SA # snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000 snmp-agent # clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00 # portal local-server load portalpage.zip # drop illegal-mac alarm # set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75 # acl number 2000 rule 5 permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 # aaa authentication-scheme default authorization-scheme default accounting-scheme default domain default domain default_admin local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<08bmE3Uw}%$%$ local-user admin service-type http # firewall zone Local priority 15 # interface Serial4/0/0 link-protocol ppp ppp pap local-user lihua password cipher %$%$4#baOz!azN0cR<'kB~AS,"7s%$%$ ip address 15.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 nat outbound 2000 # interface Serial4/0/1 link-protocol ppp # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 # interface NULL0 # interface Tunnel0/0/0 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 undo rip split-horizon tunnel-protocol gre p2mp source 15.1.1.1 nhrp entry multicast dynamic nhrp network-id 100 # interface Tunnel0/0/1 mtu 1476 description 45.1.1.1 ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0 tunnel-protocol gre source 15.1.1.1 # rip 1 undo summary version 2 network 10.0.0.0 network 192.168.1.0 # ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 15.1.1.2 # user-interface con 0 authentication-mode password user-interface vty 0 4 user-interface vty 16 20 # wlan ac # return <R1> 帮我看看R1和R4的配置GRE隧道为什么不通

根据网络拓扑和设备需求,以下是基于华为设备的详细VLAN配置方案,包含设备级配置命令和逻辑验证方法: --- ### **一、网络架构与VLAN规划** | 设备 | 端口分配 | VLAN用途 | IP规划 | |------|----------|----------|--------| | SW1 | GE0/0/1-6 | VLAN10-60(终端接入) | - | | SW1 | GE0/0/24 | Trunk(连接SW2) | - | | SW2 | GE0/0/24 | Trunk(连接SW1) | - | | SW2 | GE0/0/23 | Trunk(连接RT2) | - | | RT2 | GE0/0/0 | 子接口路由 | VLAN10-60网关: 192.168.X.254/24 | | RT2 | GE0/0/1 | Trunk(连接RT1) | 核心VLAN100: 10.1.100.2/24 | | RT1 | GE0/0/1-2 | Trunk(连接RT2) | 核心VLAN100: 10.1.100.1/24 | | RT1 | GE0/0/3 | 网关出口 | 外网IP: 203.0.113.1/24 | --- ### **二、设备详细配置** #### **1. SW1配置(接入交换机)** bash system-view sysname SW1 # 创建VLAN vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60 100 # 配置接入端口(以GE0/0/1为例) interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type access port default vlan 10 # 对应设备1 quit # 重复配置GE0/0/2-6为VLAN20-60 # 上联Trunk端口配置 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 50 60 100 # 允许所有业务VLAN port trunk pvid vlan 100 # 设置默认VLAN为核心通信VLAN #### **2. SW2配置(汇聚交换机)** bash system-view sysname SW2 vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60 100 # 连接SW1的Trunk interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 50 60 100 # 连接RT2的Trunk interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 50 60 # 仅传递终端VLAN #### **3. RT2配置(三层交换机/路由器)** bash system-view sysname RT2 vlan batch 100 # 子接口配置(以VLAN10为例) interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10 dot1q termination vid 10 # 终结VLAN10标签 ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 arp broadcast enable quit # 重复为VLAN20-60创建子接口(.20至.60) # 核心VLAN通信接口 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0.100 dot1q termination vid 100 ip address 10.1.100.2 255.255.255.0 # 连接RT1的Trunk interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 # 仅传递核心VLAN #### **4. RT1配置(核心路由器)** bash system-view sysname RT1 # 核心VLAN接口 interface Vlanif100 ip address 10.1.100.1 255.255.255.0 # 连接RT2的物理接口 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 # 冗余端口 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 # 默认路由指向外网 ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 203.0.113.254 --- ### **三、数据流转验证** 1. **终端到网关通信** - 设备1(VLAN10)发送数据时,SW1通过Trunk GE0/0/24将带VLAN10标签的帧传递给SW2 - SW2通过Trunk GE0/0/23将帧转发至RT2的子接口GE0/0/0.10 - RT2根据路由表转发至核心VLAN100(display ip routing-table验证) 2. **跨VLAN通信** - 若设备1(VLAN10)访问设备2(VLAN20): $$ \text{数据帧} \xrightarrow{\text{VLAN10→RT2}} \xrightarrow{\text{路由决策}} \xrightarrow{\text{VLAN20→SW2}} \xrightarrow{\text{目标端口}} $$ (需在RT2上启用ip routing并配置OSPF/BGP) --- ### **四、关键验证命令** bash # 查看VLAN端口状态 <SW1> display port vlan GigabitEthernet0/0/24 Port Link Type PVID VLAN List GigabitEthernet0/0/24 trunk 100 10,20,30,40,50,60,100 # 检查子接口状态 <RT2> display ip interface brief GigabitEthernet0/0/0.10 Interface IP Address Status Protocol GE0/0/0.10 192.168.10.254 Up Up # 测试跨VLAN通信 <Device1> ping 192.168.20.1 # 验证VLAN10→VLAN20路由可达性 --- ### **五、注意事项** 1. **防环机制**:在SW1/SW2上启用STP bash stp mode rstp # 华为默认启用,需确认阻塞端口状态 2. **负载均衡**:通过load-balance src-dst-ip实现流量分担(在Trunk端口配置) 3. **安全策略**:在RT2子接口上启用ACL限制非法访问 该内容中RT2也存在网关出口

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