Linguistic Geography

This special issue explores the encounter between cultural memory, media, and autonomy in collaborative printing and editorial projects. In recent years, there has been a rise in Indigenous publishing involving collaboration with anthropologists and/or anthropological knowledge. Indigenous collectives often invite anthropologists to support their autonomous publishing projects centered around history and cultural revitalization, due to their presumed interest in recording everyday performances and mobilizing diverse publics. In contemporary Latin America, cultural revitalization is often linked to Indigenous autonomy, interrogating and rekindling memory when salvage anthropology is considered unfashionable and impractical. Yet the reappropriation and repurposing of ethnographic knowledge may offer the possibility to retrace what no longer is, remember and retransmit in various ways, make present anew, or even create alternative forms of (re)presentation. The articles in this special issue explore the dynamics of collaboration in the context of decolonial initiatives and the persistence and transformation of mediatic forms. ABSTRACTO Este número especial explora el encuentro entre la memoria cultural, los medios de comunicación y la autonomía en proyectos editoriales y de impresión colaborativos. En los últimos años, ha habido un auge en la publicación indígena que implica la colaboración con antropólogos y/o conocimientos antropológicos. Los colectivos indígenas suelen invitar a antropólogos a apoyar sus proyectos editoriales autónomos centrados en la historia y la revitalización cultural, debido a su supuesto interés en registrar representaciones cotidianas y movilizar a públicos diversos. En la América Latina contemporánea, la revitalización cultural suele estar vinculada a la autonomía indígena, cuestionando y reavivando la memoria cuando la antropología de rescate se considera pasada de moda y poco práctica. Sin embargo, la reapropiación y la readaptación del conocimiento etnográfico pueden ofrecer la posibilidad de reconstruir lo que ya no existe, recordar y retransmitir de diversas maneras, renovar el presente o incluso crear formas alternativas de (re)presentación. Los artículos de este número especial exploran la dinámica de la colaboración en el contexto de las iniciativas decoloniales y la persistencia y transformación de las formas mediáticas.

Regular fires are an important mechanism to man
age the natural ecosystems of Australia (State of Victo
ria) and Canada (Alberta province). Here, spatial distri
bution of fires is historically connected with traditional
land use by indigenous people, which has been being
realized during millennia, and also it is regulated at the
government level within the programs for sustainable
landscapes management. Arid and semi-arid land
scapes of the South-east Australia, as well as the boreal
forests located to the east direction from the Rocky
Mountains in Canada — an indicative example of plac
es where the systematic fires increase ability of the en
vironment to self-cleaning, accelerate decomposition
of a last year's forest floor, promote growth of seeds. In
these countries wildfires becomes managed: barriers
are created to control the front and directions of the
fire movement; monitoring is carrying out; experience
of indigenous on wildfire practice is integrated at the
level of states and provinces.

Hz. Peygamberin nubuvvet oncesi hayatinda meydana gelen olaylari gozden gecirdigimizde oncelikle yuceltmeci peygamber anlayisinin hakim oldugu gorulmektedir. Rivayetler akil ve vahiy suzgecinden gecirilmeden nakledilmekte ve Peygamberin hayatinin butunlugu icerisinde degerlendirilmemektedir. Yani bir tarafta baba belinden anne rahmine dusmesi, Halime’ye verilmesi surecinden kirk yasina kadar neredeyse her sahnede Peygamberin peygamber olacagi haber verilmektedir. Diger tarafta ise hem bu haberlerle taban tabana zit, peygamberin ilk vahy geldigi zaman kendisinin cinlenmis veya sair olmaktan korktugundan dolayi intihara tesebbus ettigi iddia edilmekte hem de Kur’an’da Peygamberin peygamberligini beklemedigi haber verilmektedir. Ayni sekilde bir tarafta Peygamberin, peygamberlik oncesi bulutla veya meleklerle golgelendigi, gittigi her yere bereket dagittigi rivayet edilirken, diger tarafta peygamberlik sonrasi bulutlar bir anda kaybolmakta, Peygamber normal insanlar gibi golge aramakta...

В сборнике представлены материалы Международной научно-практической конференции «Экосистема Каспия: ключевые проблемы и решения». Рассматриваются эволюция природной среды Каспия под воздействием глобальных изменений климата и антропогенной деятельности; проблемы комплексной экологической безопасности Каспийского макрорегиона; приоритетные задачи в области сохранения, восстановления и устойчивого использования природных ресурсов Каспийского моря; современные технологии сохранения биоресурсов Каспийского моря; международно-правовые аспекты охраны окружающей среды Каспийского моря. Издание адресовано научным работникам и специалистам, преподавателям, аспирантам, студентам высших учебных заведений.

В сборнике представлены материалы Международной научно-практической конференции «Экосистема Каспия: ключевые проблемы и решения». Рассматриваются эволюция природной среды Каспия под воздействием глобальных изменений климата и антропогенной деятельности; проблемы комплексной экологической безопасности Каспийского макрорегиона; приоритетные задачи в области сохранения, восстановления и устойчивого использования природных ресурсов Каспийского моря; современные технологии сохранения биоресурсов Каспийского моря; международно-правовые аспекты охраны окружающей среды Каспийского моря.

Одно из старейших географических обществ мира Всероссийская общественная организация «Русское географическое общество» отмечает в этом году свое 180-летие. В течение почти двух веков специалисты в области географии, энтузиасты-путешественники, экологи, да и все, искренне интересующиеся своей страной и болеющие за сохранение её богатств, объединяются, чтобы вместе решать важные задачи. Чем жило и ныне живёт Дагестанское республиканское отделение Русского географического общества? Об этом корреспондент "ДП" поговорил с председателем Отделения, доктором географических наук, профессором ДГУ Эльдаром Эльдаровым.

The primary function of a proper name is the nomination of an object. Anything that exists in the surrounding reality is given a name only by virtue of being the focus of human interest. The bearer of language names objects based on their own perception of the world. It is the cognitive approach in the study of onymics that allows us to look at the existence of proper names in the human mental lexicon. Until the beginning of the 21st century, the cognitive aspect was not popular among scholars of onomastics, as proper names were mainly the domain of etymologists and structuralists. This paper focuses on the cognitive aspect in the description of appellative-derived names in Podlasie (based on material from Bielsk Podlaski), whose multiculturalism is conditioned by historical, confessional-ethnic, and linguistic factors. The starting point in the analysis is the property on the basis of which the original anthroponym was created. The human traits underlying the anthroponyms may have referred to external appearance (Baniewicz, Choroszkiewicz, Gładysz, Gorbacewicz, Korzun), character traits (Baran, Bołdak, Cilulko, Wojszkowicz, Zoch), manner of behaviour (Ciamaga, Haraburda, Sidun), peculiarities of speech (Harkawy, Treszczotka), family relations (Bliźniuk, Poskrobka, Prystupa), age (Gil, Grzyb), etc. Attention is also drawn to the onyms created on the basis of symbolic and stereotypical meanings (e.g. Bieroza, Dąb, Wąż, Sikora). The names are used in modern times but were created in the past on the basis of nicknames, in which the mechanisms of human thinking, categorization of the world, and evaluation of another person are specifically manifested.

This article aims to determine the extent of the influence of Romance languages and their dialects on Slavic dialects in terms of lexical borrowings based on the lexical and word-formation series of the Slavic Linguistic Atlas (OLA). The authors analyse all published lexical volumes of the atlas in terms of Romance loanwords. The atlas is a good source for studying lexical borrowings in Slavic dialects for several reasons. Firstly, it covers the entire Slavic-speaking area; secondly, the precision of map titles ensures the unambiguousness of the vocabulary presented; thirdly, the maps show the geographical location of loanwords and their territorial ranges, which are not provided by any dictionaries or other dialectal sources. Also, the map legends contain concise etymological comments on the presented forms, including loanwords. The analysis of the maps makes it possible to formulate conclusions regarding the extent of Romance influence on Slavic dialects in terms of vocabulary, types of Romance loanwords in Slavic dialects and their semantic scope.

This research paper looks at the role of geographical influences in the emergence of Creole languages and how colonization, trade routes, migration and contact of different linguistic communities contributed to the development of these languages. Paying attention to the most popular Creole languages in the Caribbean, Indian Ocean, and West Africa, the work investigates how environmental and sociopolitical circumstances led to the peculiarities of phonological, syntactic, and lexical characteristics of these languages. In a comparative perspective, the paper points out how isolation, multilingualism and cultural exchange interact to bring about Creole. According to the findings, geographical factors did not only dictate linguistic hybridization but also dictated the social status as well as standardization of Creole languages. This paper adds to wider debates in sociolinguistics and creolistics based on the inseparability of place and language development.

The article discusses the Miship people of Plateau State, Nigeria. The paper is divided into sections for clear presentations and analysis. The sections include the geographical location of the language, History of the people, population, socio-economic life of the Miship, their concept of traditional medicine, and finally the two dialects of the language Longmaar and Jiɓaam. Identifying; two types of linguistics variations namely: lexical and phonological differences.

PV is a geolinguistic project born in the first half of the 1970s, initiated by both the regional administration of the Autonomous Region of the Aosta Valley and the Centre d'Études Francoprovençales of Saint-Nicolas, with the aim of investigating the variety of Francoprovençal dialects in use in this Italian Alpine region (for a survey on the Francoprovençal linguistic group and specifically on the Aosta Valley, see Martin 1990, Telmon et al. 2015). The project responded to the scientific challenges of the time, that led to the creation of the so-called "Regional Atlases" in order to reach beyond the glorious phase of the "National Atlases" of the first half of the century, with the explicit aim of exploiting the most "local specificities" thanks to ethnographic research and dialectology. The angles of attack were a) disposing of a denser investigation network; b) paying attention to the par-Éducation et Sociétés Plurilingues n° 42 -juin 2017 Gianmario RAIMONDI L'Atlas des Patois Valdôtains est né au début des années 1970, sous l'impulsion à la fois de

This study investigates the regional shared lexicon among Formosan languages, focusing on the distribution and interrelations of plant names in the northwestern region of Taiwan. Previous works by Ferrell (1969) and Li (1994) have compared lexical items among Formosan languages. However, the historical relation of these words has not received broad and systematic discussion.
We collected data from multiple Formosan languages in northwestern Taiwan, including Atayal, Seediq, Pazeh-Kaxabu, Saisiyat, Bunun, Thau, Kavalan, Taokas, and other nearby languages. Through lexical comparison, we examined whether the phonological correspondences of these words align with each other. Despite surface-level similarities, irregular phonological patterns suggest these plant names are more likely “regional Wanderwörter” resulting from long-term language contact, rather than direct descendants of Proto-Austronesian (PAn) etyma.
Based on distribution and historical contact patterns, we categorize these shared words into three groups: (1) cross-regional shared words, such as %BALAYAR ~ BIALAR ‘Alocasia’, %BAYLUH ~ BAWLU ‘beans’, %(BA)TAKAN ‘bamboo (tubes)’, %BARASIQ ~ DARESIQ ‘wax trees’, %QALUP(AS) ’peaches’; (2) words found in the Atayal diffusion area, such as %DALU ‘persimmons’, %BASAR ‘Broussonetia trees’; (3) words spreading across the northern coastal areas, such as %QAWPIR ‘sweet potatoes’, %SILIH ‘chili peppers’.
Our findings suggest these shared words emerge from early language contact. By clarifying historical relationships within Formosan languages, this research provides a concrete basis for identifying regional Wanderwörter and offers insights into historical language interactions in northwestern Taiwan.

Keywords: Wanderwörter, Formosan Languages, Northwestern Taiwan, Plant Names

В выпуске опубликованы статьи и материалы участников проекта «Лексический атлас русских народных говоров». В работах освещен широкий круг исследований диалектной лексики, семантики, структуры отдельных тематических групп и словообразования. Значительную часть книги составляют статьи по диалектной фразеологии, синонимии, истории слов и ономастике. Освещаются практические вопросы картографирования и некоторые теоретические проблемы лингвогеографии. Выпуск вносит вклад в теорию и практику лингвогеографических исследований и представляет интерес для широкого круга исследователей русского языка.

Les sept volumes du présent ouvrage ont été publiés grâce à une subvention de la Fondation autrichienne pour les sciences FWF à Vienne (« Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung in Österreich ») et des appuis financiers supplémentaires du

Les sept volumes du présent ouvrage ont été publiés grâce à une subvention de la Fondation autrichienne pour les sciences FWF à Vienne (« Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung in Österreich ») et des appuis financiers supplémentaires du

Word-final unstressed English (ING) is a ‘showcase’ sociolinguistic variable, although variation in its vowel has received little attention. We analyse the social and linguistic factors conditioning the (ING) vowel in a socially stratified corpus of Toronto English. The vowels for the velar and alveolar variants show a high degree of overlap. A mixedeffects linear regression model of the normalised F1 values show that the preceding segment has the greatest effect, with interaction effects for social factors and following place of articulation also significant. These findings suggest that (ING) lies at the intersection of variation in both its components, consonantal and vocalic.

'Foreign' language features of first-generation Canadians do not persist in their children and grandchildren. 'Ethnolects' should be viewed as ways that speakers of different ethnic backgrounds construct and convey their identity, rather than an inability to acquire English.

The article describes and discusses the dialectal variation of words for ‘forest’ in Croatian. Apart from widespread nouns like gora, boška and šuma, the words drmun, lug, husta, loza, grm, umejak, kolinjak, gušć, ograde, drveća, les, živica, dubrava, kiće, grmlje, krč and gaj have all been attested as the basic word for ‘forest’ in one or more Croatian dialects. The article offers a detailed overview of the geographical distribution of these words based on fieldwork carried out in a recent large collaborative fieldwork project and on the existing dialectological literature. The geographical distribution of the Croatian words for ‘forest’ is visualized with the help of four maps. The article further discusses the origin of
the words for ‘forest’ and their role in toponymy, as well as factors that may have played a role in the rise of the present day distribution of the lexemes.

This is the report of a panel discussion held in connection with the special session on computational methods in dialectology at Methods XIII: Methods in Dialectology on 5 August, 2008 at the University of Leeds. We scheduled this panel discussion in order to reflect on what the introduction of computational methods has meant to our subfield of linguistics, dialectology (in alternative divisions of linguistic subfields also known as variationist linguistics), and whether the dialectologists' experience is typical of such introductions in other humanities studies. Let's emphasize that we approach the question as working scientists and scholars in the humanities rather than as methodology experts or as historians or philosophers of science, i.e. we wished to reflect on how the introduction of computational methods has gone in our own field in order to conduct our own future research more effectively, or alternatively, to suggest to colleagues in neighbouring disciplines which aspects of computational studies have been successful, which have not been, and which might have been introduced more effectively. Since we explicitly wished to reflect not only on how things have gone in dialectology, but also to compare our experiences to others, we invited panellists with broad experience in linguistics and other fields. We introduce the chair and panellists briefly. John Nerbonne chaired the panel discussion. He works on dialectology, but also on grammar, and on applications such as language learning and information extraction and information access. He works in Groningen, and is past president of the Association for Computational Linguistics (2002). David Robey is an expert on medieval Italian literature, professor at Reading, and Programme Director of the ICT in Arts and Humanities Research Programme of the (British) Arts and Humanities Research Council. He is also president of the Association for Literary and Linguistic Computing. Paul Heggarty is an expert on the Quechua language family, and also works on Romance and Germanic, studying both synchronic variation and diachronic developments, where he' s one of a growing number of researchers applying phylogenetic inference (and software developed in biology for this purpose) to historical linguistics. He' s at Cambridge. Roeland van Hout is an expert on sociolinguistics, phonetics and second language acquisition. He is co-author (with Toni Rietveld) of the world' s best book on applying statistics to linguistics, (Harald Baayen has just come out (2008) with a contender, but 15 years at #1 is impressive). He' s at Nijmegen, and he's served on the Dutch research council's Humanities board for the last five years. We suggested in inviting the panellists that they deliver some introductory remarks structured in a way that responds inter alia to two questions: Are there elements of the computational work in language variation that should be made known to other scholars in the humanities? Are there other computational lines of work in the humanities that are not used in studying language variation but which should be of interest? Is the primary common interest the computational tools or are there research issues which might benefit from a plurality of perspectives? We emphasized, however, that the panel speakers should feel free to respond to the question of how the disciplines might interact in more creative ways, especially if they feel that the questions above are put too narrowly. Each panellist presented some ideas before the discussion started.

Dictionaries: Journal of the Dictionary Society of North America,
Volume 40, Issue 2, 2019, pp. 242-246 (Review)

It is always good to learn of a new edition of a venerable, valued work of
scholarship. The first thing we think of is, how long has it been, anyway,
since this book was first published? And the second: what can a new
edition mean for an admiring reader of the original? A third thought
also comes to mind: what have they done to the previous version to
create the new entity? In the case of the Dictionary of Canadianisms on
Historical Principles, first published in 1967 (Avis et al.; DCHP-1967),
with a minor revision in 1991, we have a work that had already been
digitized (Dollinger et al. 2013). Further changes and additions would
presumably be intended to enhance the work, but we might wonder
whether that is all that has been done. Has it merely been tidied up?
Or has a wholly different philosophical approach been applied? With
these thoughts in mind, we approach our review with trembling and
trepidation—but we needn’t have worried.

Dialectometric intensity estimation as introduced in Rumpf et al. (2009) and Rumpf (2011, 2012) is a method for the unsupervised generation of maps visualizing geolinguistic data on the level of linguistic variables. It also extracts spatial information for subsequent statistical analysis. However, as intensity estimation involves geographically conditioned smoothing, this method can lead to undesirable results. Geolinguistically relevant structures such as rivers, political borders or enclaves, for instance, are not taken into account and thus their manifestations in the distributions of linguistic variants are blurred. A possible solution to this problem, as suggested and put to the test in this paper, is to use linguistic distances rather than geographical (Euclidean) distances in the estimation. This methodological adjustment leads to maps which render geolinguistic distributions more faithfully, especially in areas that are deemed critical for the interpretation of the resulting maps and for subsequent statistical analyses of the results.

This dissertation provides a reconstruction of the phonetic values of Proto-Austronesian coronal consonants with a focus on the phonetic characteristics of their reflexes in Formosan languages. Special attention is given to the voiced coronal obstruents, due to the irregularity of their reflexes across languages, and to the lateral consonants, due to the complexity of their articulation.

This study proposes that two voiced coronal stops should be reconstructed at the Proto-Austronesian level: a voiced dental stop, *d, and a voiced retroflex stop, *ɖ. The irregularities in their reflexes are explained as being the results of two unrelated causes: 1) a history of language contact between Rukai and Paiwan, where Proto-Paiwan *ɖ is explained as a borrowed phoneme from Rukai, and 2) the cross-linguistically common tendency for dentals and retroflexes to be confused for one another in certain phonetic contexts, most notably word-initial position.

Two lateral phonemes are reconstructed: a lamino-dental lateral approximant, *l, and an apico-retroflex lateral approximant, *ɭ. These phonetic values are supported by preliminary data collected from Puyuma and Rukai, two languages that are conservative in their articulation of these phonemes. Data was collected using electromagnetic articulography and ultrasound tongue imaging, which indicated that key articulatory features were shared by both languages.

The reconstruction of a dental versus retroflex place of articulation is also expanded to other Proto-Austronesian coronal consonants. Ultimately, five dental consonants are reconstructed: *t, *d, *s, *l, and *n. Four retroflex consonants, all of which reflect a dental counterpart, are reconstructed: *ʈ, *ɖ, *ʂ, and *ɭ. Considerations are also made regarding the trill, *r, the exact place of articulation for which is unclear, and the voiced palatal fricative, *ʝ, for which a phonetic value is difficult to reconstruct, although it shows some parallels with the palatal glide, *j. The reconstructed coronal series is demonstrated as being a plausible starting point for all known branches in the family, with each branch reflecting this system to various degrees.

Der Beitrag skizziert regionale Unterschiede im Spannungsgefüge von Standard und Dialekt in den Regionen Deutschlands. Es wird deutlich, welche Konfigurationen der Standard-Dialekt-Achse sich im intergenerationellen Vergleich nachweisen lassen, welche individuellen Bedingungen hinter diesen Konfigurationen stehen und welche kommunikativen Potentiale sich daraus ergeben. Die Datenbasis liefert das Akademie-Forschungsprojekt REDE mit einer flächendeckenden Dokumentation der regionalen Varietäten in Deutschland. Der Beitrag greift die Erhebungen von Personen dreier Generationen in unterschiedlichen Explorationskontexten auf und analysiert den sich daraus ergebenden regionalsprachlichen Möglichkeitsraum des gesprochenen Deutsch in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. 1 Hinführung Der Beitrag bietet einen Überblick zum gegenwärtigen Stand der Dialekte in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Ausgehend von den Daten des Akademie-Projekts "Regionalsprache.de" (REDE) wird der Versuch unternommen, die Dialektintensität im gesprochenen Deutsch landesweit geostatistisch zu dokumentieren. Der Blick fällt dabei nicht nur auf die sprachlichen Kompetenzen der Gewährspersonen, sondern auch auf die situative Variation und die sich daraus ergebenden sprachlichen Repertoires. Wie sich zeigen wird, unterscheiden sich die Dialektkompetenz und das sprachliche Variationsverhalten auf der Standard-Dialekt-Achse teils erheblich. Dies steht mit der kommunikativen Funktionalität der regionalen Sprechlagen in Beziehung. Auf dieser Grundlage lassen sich verschiedene Sprechertypen identifizieren (Switcher, Shifter, Moveless), die den sprachlichen Alltag in den einzelnen Regionen prägen. Die Studie wird verdeutlichen, dass sich in praktisch allen Regionen Deutschlands sprachliche Regionalität erfassen lässt. Sie wird aber auch verdeutlichen, dass gegenwärtig starke Veränderungen im Gange sind, die zu neuen Konfigurationen der Standard-Dialekt-Achse und mit ihr auch zu neuen Konzeptualisierungen des Begriffs "Dialekt" führen. Vor diesem Hintergrund leitet das folgende Kapitel kurz in die Hintergründe der Untersuchung ein (Kap. 2), anschließend

Объектом анализа в разделе «Языковые и историко-культурные связи Белозерья по ономастическим данным» являются топонимы (как русские, так и субстратные), а также этнонимы, которые зафиксированы в топонимии и топонимических преданиях Белозерья. Этимологизация и картографирование указанных ономастических единиц позволяют не только представить языковой ландшафт исследуемой территории, но и проследить корреляции между белозерской топонимией и топонимией восточной части ВДМ (вологодско-костромского пограничья), а также выявить специфику отдельных моделей топономинации.

This paper problematizes the current anti-pluricentric perspectives in German dialectology in the context of "language making" (Krämer et al. 2022). Disciplinary history and cross-linguistic comparison shed light on what appears to be disciplineinternal theoretical hegemony on what makes a language and what a dialect. The paper proposes the existence of a long-standing, discipline-defining One Standard German Axiom (OSGA) to be operative, an axiom that "unmakes" non-dominant standard varieties. It will be shown that, given the unbroken chain of tradition in German dialectology (via, e.g. Kranzmayer or Mitzka) based on Germanic Stämme ('tribes'), the concept of "German language" is a priori defined as a stand-alone single entity. A comparison between Stämme in German literature-now obsoleteand Stämme in German dialectology-still strong-illustrates the far-reaching ramifications of OSGA. Three fail-safes are suggested to move the debate onto an epistemologically sounder footing and to allow for the dynamic, in part predictable, development of multiple linguistic standards in German via Pluricentric Theory (Multi-Standard Theory). Pluricentric Theory remains, it is argued, the theory of choice, though the present paper extends Clyne's (1995) model with transnational cross-linguistic influence.

Профессору Пенке Филковой 75 лет Болгарская русистика отмечает 75-летие доктора филологических наук, профессора Пенки Филковой -видного исследователя в области русистики, болгаристики, общего языкознания, лингвокультурологии, прекрасного вузовского преподавателя. Пенка Филкова родилась 20.XII.1929 г. в городе Казанлык. Окончив с отличием среднюю школу в родном городе, она поступила на факультет славянской филологии Софийского университета. Уже будучи студенткой, Пенка Филкова проявляет интерес к научной работе. Поэтому сразу же по окончании университета она поступает в аспирантуру, где под руководством проф. Н.М. Дылевского занимается углубленным изучением истории русского языка, в частности, русской лексики в диахронном аспекте. В 1957 г. П. Филкова защищает кандидатскую диссертацию на тему: "Неполногласная лексика в русском литературном языке", а в 1988 г. -докторскую диссертацию на тему: "Староболгарские и церковнославянские лексические элементы в русском литературном ызыке". С 1954 по 1962 г. П. Филкова работает преподавателем русского языка в Академии общественных наук и социального управления. В 1961 г. она проходит по конкурсу на работу в Софийском университете. Сначала П. Филкова -ассистент по исторической грамматике русского языка, потом старший преподаватель, с 1972 г.доцент по истории русского литературного языка, а с 1988 г. -профессор. В 1973 и 1974 гг. она лектор по болгарскому и русскому языку в г. Манхайм (Германия). П. Филкова читала курс истории русского литературного языка в университетах в г. Пловдиве и г. Шумене. В Софийском университете она читала спецкурсы и вела спецсеминары для дипломников (Староболгарское наследство в русской литературной лексике; Теоретические проблемы языковой культуры; Языковая ситуация в Московской Руси и др.). С 1991 по 1995 г. проф. Филкова заведует Первой кафедрой русского языка в Софийском университете. После выхода на пенсию (в 1996 г.) П. Филкова продолжает активную преподавательскую и научную деятельность. В последние годы она разработала целый ряд спецкурсов, которые читает в университетах Софии и Пловдива. Среди этих курсов Русский язык в начале XXI в., Церковнославянский язык, Языковые контакты, Русская фразеология и афористика -историко-этимологический аспект, Лингвокультурология, Сопоставительная лингвокультурология. Она активно участвует в научной жизни у нас и за границей с докладами на международных съездах и симпозиумах, пишет рецензии. П. Филкова -научный руководитель ряда аспирантов и дипломников. П. Филкова является автором около 150 публикаций, которые внесли весомый вклад в болгарскую русистику и староболгаристику. Ниже приводится библиография ее трудов, опубликованных после 1988 г. (библиография трудов П. Филковой до 1988 г. опубликована в журнале Съпоставително езикознание, № 4, 1989 г.). П. Филкова -автор первых болгарских учебников истории русского литературного языка: История русского литературного языка (донациоанльный период. XI -XVII вв); История русского литературного языка (национальный период. XVIII -XX вв).

Self-esteem is a central construct in psychological science. According to the classic understanding of Rosenberg, who is also the author of the most commonly used methodology for researching general self-esteem, the Morris Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, self-esteem represents „the feeling that I am good enough“ (Rosenberg, 1965). In this article, the concept of self-esteem of the researchers Tafarodi and Swann will be examined, according to which self-esteem consists of two separate but interrelated components - self-assessment of competences on the one hand, and self-assessment of the value of the individual on the other (Tafarodi & Swann, 2001). A Bulgarian adaptation of their self-esteem measurement scale will be presented.

Rad prikazuje zastupljenost cakavskih govora u međunarodnim atlasima (Opceslavenski lingvisticki atlas, Europski lingvisticki atlas). U trenutku kad hrvatski jezik jos nema svoj atlas, na temelju postojece građe za atlase na cakavskim je punktovima istraženo rasprostiranje jedne karakteristike - razvoja prednjeg nazala e iza palatalnih suglasnika u a ili e - u trima rijecima i izrađene su tri jezicne karte.

The paper is devoted to the Greek New Year’s talismans “guri”, which are traditionally given to relatives, friends, colleagues on the eve of the
New Year. The lexeme γούρι ‘talisman, amulet for good luck’ (from the Turkish uğur ‘luck, happiness’), has fi rmly entered the modern Greek lexicon and can be used, among other things, to denote any kind of talisman “for good luck”, however, during the New Year holidays, the lexeme acquires a specifi c meaning. “Guri” can be made in the form of jewelry; a wooden, glass or ceramic inscription indicating the coming year and brief good wishes; a pomegranate; a blue eye or garlic, protecting against the evil eye; a symbolic head of wild onion ― a typical traditional New Year’s amulet, etc. All these items symbolize happiness, health, prosperity, love and general well-being. The creation of the New Year’s talisman “guri”, as well as its interpretation and subsequent gifting, have become an integral part of the modern Greek traditions of celebrating the New Year.

Ja, Ivana Štokov, ovime izjavljujem da je moj doktorski rad pod naslovom Primjena novog teorijsko-metodološkog pristupa u etnokartografskim istraživanjima rezultat mojega vlastitog rada, da se temelji na mojim istraživanjima te da se oslanja na izvore i radove navedene u bilješkama i popisu literature. Ni jedan dio mojega rada nije napisan na nedopušten način, odnosno nije prepisan iz necitiranih radova i ne krši bilo čija autorska prava. Izjavljujem da ni jedan dio ovoga rada nije iskorišten u kojem drugom radu pri bilo kojoj drugoj visokoškolskoj, znanstvenoj, obrazovnoj ili inoj ustanovi. Sadržaj mojega rada u potpunosti odgovara sadržaju obranjenoga i nakon obrane uređenoga rada. Zadar, 24. studenoga 2020. Zahvaljujem se svojoj mentorici prof. dr. sc. Dunji Brozović Rončević na svesrdnoj pomoći i podršci oko izradbe doktorske disertacije. Zaista sam sretna i zahvalna što mi se pružila prilika za zaposlenjem na znanstvenom projektu kao i dodatno usavršavanje kroz poslijediplomski studij i izradbu doktorske disertacije. Zaista je to privilegij koji prvenstveno dugujem svojoj mentorici. Nadalje, zahvalnost dugujem i prof. dr. sc. Senki Božić-Vrbančić na brojnim razgovorima, idejama, vremenu i nesebičnom dijeljenju svojih promišljanja, a koja su me konstantno poticala na daljnja propitivanja svijeta u kojem živimo. Zahvaljujem se i dr. sc. Valentini Gulin Zrnić na sugestijama i potpori tijekom čitanja, pisanja ocjene i obrane doktorske disertacije. Zahvale idu mojim kolegama doc. dr. sc. Danijeli Birt Katić, doc. dr. sc. Tomislavu Orozu i doc. dr. sc. Mariju Katiću s Odjela za etnologiju i antropologiju Sveučilišta u Zadru koji su mi bili velika podrška tijekom posljednjih jedanaest godina. Njihova početna usmjeravanja u obliku konstruktivnih komentara i sugestija na moje prve studentske seminarske radove, poticanja za sudjelovanjem na studentskim konferencijama, kao i pružanje prilike i mogućnosti za odlazak na i provođenje terenskih istraživanja (u vrijeme kada terenska istraživanja nisu bila dio izvedbenog plana studija etnologije i antropologije u Zadru), uvelike su oblikovala moj interes za etnologiju i antropologiju. Tijekom posljednjih pet godina nebrojeno su me puta strpljivo slušali o poteškoćama u izradbi disertacije te su uvijek znali naći lijepe riječi kojima bi me potaknuli na daljnji rad. Navedene zahvale idu i kolegicama Jeleni Kupsjak te doc. dr. sc. Katici Burić Ćenan. Posebne zahvale idu mom životnom suputniku, Marku Štokovu, za ljubav, strpljenje, podršku i razumijevanje koje mi pruža svakodnevno, kao i za sudjelovanje u "potrazi" za gumnima koje ovim radom neće prestati. Zahvaljujem se i svojoj kćeri Loti koja me konstantno podsjeća koliko je važno svijet promatrati i očima djeteta. Riječi zahvale i mom bratu, sestri, bakama i ostaloj široj obitelji i prijateljima. Rad posvećujem svojim roditeljima Jagodi i Davoru zbog njihove bezuvjetne ljubavi, nesebične podrške i pomoći. Napomena Ova doktorska disertacija izrađena je na poslijediplomskom studiju Humanističke znanosti Sveučilišta u Zadru. Istraživanje je provedeno u sklopu Projekta razvoja karijera mladih istraživačaizobrazba novih doktora znanosti (HRZZ DOK 2014-06 4255) pod vodstvom prof. dr. sc. Dunje Brozović Rončević, a u okvirima znanstvenog projekta "Općeslavenski lingvistički atlas (OLA) i Europski lingvistički atlas (ALE)" (HRZZ IP 2013-11 8706) voditelja prof. dr. sc. Ranka Matasovića. Oba projekta financirala je Hrvatska zaklada za znanost.

Historical Lexicographers, like other linguists, are accustomed to viewing their craft as an objective activity. There are limits to this goal, however. This talk illustrates some limitations from the backdrop of Standard Canadian English and Standard Austrian German. Standard Canadian English was into the 1960s an unusual concept, while Austrian German began to be codified on a grand scale only after World War II. As historical lexicography has played for at least six European languages (Considine 2015: 171) a key role in 19th-century language making, it seems advisable to probe possible disciplinary biases and, perhaps, inadvertent “language (un)making” (Krämer et al. 2022) by lexicographers and linguists. 
It is important to expressly state any assumptions of what is a variety worth documenting and what not, as the field’s track record in that regard is not stellar. For English, William Craigie, himself a defender of Scots and Scottish English, failed to acknowledge the younger variety of Canadian English when he had the chance, one might say the mandate, to do so. A generation later, A Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles (Avis et al. 1967, online as Dollinger, Brinton and Fee 2013) was instrumental in the Anglo-Canadian process of language making (Dollinger 2019: 99). For German, Austrian linguistic pioneers such as Albert Krassnigg and Ernst Pacolt were in open conflict with academic German Studies from the start, as the discipline failed to accept a new standard variety in a debate that has continued through the 1990s (e.g. Muhr 1998) to the present (e.g. Dollinger 2023).
As historical dictionaries truly offer much “more than words”, how “objective” can historical lexicography be? When spaces change, e.g. political borders, and times and cultures change, are new standard varieties inevitable? Some principles of how one might want to approach such problems will be offered.

Avis, Walter S., Charles Crate, Patrick Drysdale, Douglas Leechman, Matthew H. Scargill and Charles J. Lovell (eds). 1967. A Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles. Toronto: W. J. Gage
Considine, John. 2015. Historical dictionaries: history and development; current issues. In The Oxford Handbook of Lexicography, ed. by Philip Durkin, 163–75. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Dollinger, Stefan. 2019. Creating Canadian English: the Professor, the Mountaineer, and a National Variety of English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dollinger, Stefan. 2023. Prescriptivism and national identity: sociohistorical constructionism, disciplinary blindspots, and Standard Austrian German. In Routledge Handbook of Prescriptivism, ed. by Joan Beal, Morana Lukač and Robin Straaijer. Vol. 1: Theoretical and Methodological Approaches, 121-39. Abingdon: Routledge.
Dollinger, Stefan, Laurel Brinton and Margery Fee (eds.) 2013. DCHP-1 Online: A Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles, 1st edition. Based on Walter S. Avis et al. 1967. www.dchp.ca/DCHP-1
Krämer, Philipp, Leena Kolehmainen & Ulrike Vogl. 2022. What is “language making”? International Journal for the Sociology of Language 274: 1–27.
Muhr, Rudolf. 1998. Die Wiederkehr der Stämme – Gemeinschaftlichkeitsentwürfe via Sprache im Europa der neuen sozialen Ungleichheit – Dargestellt am Bespiel des Österreichischen Deutsch. In Kettemann, Bernhard, Rudolf de Cillia & Isabel Landsiedler (eds.) 1998. Sprache und Politik: verbal-Werkstattgespräche, 30-55. Berne: Lang.

2-я статья цикла, посвященного 105-летию журнала "Нефтяное хозяйство", о разработке технологий обустройства морских месторождений нефти в 1940-е - 1950-е годы. Впервые на основе публикаций журнала и выявленных архивных документов рассказывается о роли всесоюзного конкурса на разработку морского основания для бурения, проведенного Азнефтекомбинатом в 1944 - 1945 гг., послевоенной дискуссии вокруг способов коммуникаций - эстакады или дамбы - и ее результатах. Статья иллюстрирована уникальными фотографиями.

В статье исследуются несколько русских ландшафтных терминов,
заимствованных из прибалтийско-финских языков. Одни из изучаемых слов распространены в говорах Русского Севера (Карелия, Вологодская и Архангельская области), другие отмечены только в лексике и топонимии Новгородско-Псковского региона. Уточнены хронология и территория усвоения древнерусским населением рассматриваемой ландшафтной лексики прибалтийско-финского происхождения, конкретизированы ее языковые
источники. Для каждого из исследуемых ландшафтных терминов кратко обрисованы ареал и семантическая структура. Много места в статье уделено термину орогъ, который впервые квалифицируется как особое, самостоятельное древнее новгородско-псковское заимствование, отличное от широко известного севернорусского орга. Привлечены топонимические данные, раскрывающие отдельные моменты исторического развития исследуемой ландшафтной терминологии.

Первая классификация ландшафтных фаций была предложена Б.Б. Полыновым, который выделил три основных типа фаций и назвал их элементарными ландшафтами (аллювиальные, надводные или супераквальные и субаквальные). В морфологии ландшафтных фаций мы попытались выделить 14 фациальных типов с учетом их литолого-геоморфологических, гидрологических, биологических и геохимических особенностей ландшафтных фаций на территории южного склона Большого Кавказа в пределах Азербайджана. Из них 6 относятся к аллювиальной группе, 3 – к супераквальной, 3 – к субаквальной и ещё 2 к делювиальной ландшафтно-фациальной группе. Эти фациальные типы в основном относятся к горным умеренно семигумидным или семиаридным наклонно-равнинным ландшафтам, распространенным в интервале высот от 500 – до 2000 м. Показаны тенденции к опустыниванию и заболачиванию пригодных почв, а также приведены показатели обогащения и обеднения ландшафтов химическими элементами.

В диалектных и этимологических словарях русского языка с кон. XIX в. фиксируется лексема верги ‘заклинания, чары, колдовство’,  которая проиллюстрирована одним-единственным примером, записанным Г. И. Куликовским в Ялгубе (Карелия). Большинство исследователей склонны считать, что слово восходит к фин. verha ‘жертва’, но увеличение источниковой базы позволяет по-новому взглянуть на историю слова. Во-первых, лексема верга содержится в записи обряда из Олонецкого сборника заговоров второй четв. XVII в., что является на данный момент самой ранней фиксацией, причем в форме ед. ч. Во-вторых, в словаре А. Неовиуса и в экспедиционных записях 1935 г. в Койвисто и др. приводятся обряды, в которых используется verha. Практически во всех обрядах с верга/verha предмет необходимо бросить, что наводит на мысль о  древнерусском этимоне (ср. с врещи, вьргоу ‘бросать, кидать’). Финноязычное население с контактных территорий могло заимствовать понятие после 2-й пол. XII — сер. XIII в., т. к. e в verha отражает прояснившийся редуцированный.

Polian, Gilles (CIESAS-Sureste) Léonard, Jean Léo (UMR 7018) 1 morphologique, et des résultats de cette approche quantitative ad hoc. Enfin, dans la partie consacrée à l'examen des grammaires, nous réviserons la table des dialectes pour le domaine tseltal. Nous conclurons sur l'apport général pour la géolinguistique et spécifique, pour la caractérisation des dialectes tseltal, de notre approche croisée de méthodes quantitatives et qualitatives dans une perspective typologique. L'Europe dispose depuis le début du XXe siècle d'une riche tradition scientifique d'atlas linguistiques. En revanche, il n'existe pas d'atlas linguistique de langues amérindiennes de Méso-Amérique. OKMA a certes publié des monographies importantes sur la variation dialectale des langues mayas du Guatemala (mam, popti', poqom, etc., v. ), mais ces ouvrages ne sont pas conçus dans une perspective atlantographique, et le protocole d'enquêtes (les questionnaires) y est établi de manière relativement uniforme pour plusieurs langues mayas, indépendamment des spécificités typologiques de chaque langue. Les seules contributions disponibles à ce jour sur la variation dialectale du

Os atlas lingüísticos constitúen unha excelente fonte de datos para coñecer a distribución xeográfica das variedades e tamén o modo en que estas se interrelacionan, unha vez que rexistran nas súas cartas as variantes recorrentes en determinadas áreas asociadas a unha mesma variable. A pesar do valor destas obras e da riqueza da información que fornecen para a investigación nos distintos ámbitos da lingüística, deica agora son poucos aínda os traballos que as utilizaron para descubrir as relacións de contacto entre dominios lingüísticos. Entre as razóns que explican esta desconsideración están a dificultade para tratar datos en formato cartográfico e o simple descoñecemento do valor da información que albergan estas obras. Neste traballo preséntase unha análise exploratoria dun pequeno grupo de preguntas da sección de léxico dos cadernos do Atlas Lingüístico de la Península Ibérica (ALPI) pertencentes a unha área do noroeste peninsular que comprende distintos dominios lingüísticos ro...

La formation des labiales-vélaires à double occlusion en Niger-Congo Résumé.-Selon l'hypothèse bien acceptée de Joseph H. Greenberg (1963), les consonnes à double fermeture, bilabiale et vélaire, très rares dans le monde et, au contraire, fréquentes en Afrique de l'Ouest, se seraient conservées telles quelles depuis l'époque du proto-Niger-Congo. Le cas échéant, elles évolueraient en labiovélaires ordinaires ou en vélaires. Cet article se propose de montrer qu'elles ne sont pas primitives, mais le plus souvent issues de séquences de vélaires et de semi-voyelles postérieures, où ces dernières se transforment en occlusives intégrées. Une évolution ultérieure aboutit généralement à des bilabiales. Les innovations éclairent bon nombre de divergences génétiques, anciennes ou parfois très récentes. L'extension première du type labial-vélaire implique un processus de diffusion à partir d'un substrat localisé dans la zone forestière occidentale.

Moving beyond the contention which has characterized the pluricentricity and pluriareality debate, this summative chapter draws together the argumentative strands in the chapters in this volume to build the case for their complementarity. We show the various ways in which terminological differences, of geography and of sociolinguistics, have somewhat obscured the underlying similarities of these models, and highlight many of the key findings of this book’s contributors in doing so. The chapter ends by highlighting how some of the issues related to the pluri-concepts might lie in the different assumptions and foci of different linguistic paradigms, and with a request that further work on pluricentricity and pluriareality view the models as flexible constructs which can work together towards mutual benefits.

The question of how to conceptualize variation in languages with more than one standard variety, such as English, Dutch, or German, has been a central one to variation linguistics. Variation in these languages is sometimes modeled according to two opposed approaches: pluricentricity and pluriareality, though not uncontroversially. The present chapter first introduces the pluricentricity/pluriareality debate and then identifies several aspects that warrant a more extensive and thorough discussion of their potential complementarity. It then introduces the volume, which is the first of its kind to consolidate pluricentric and pluriareal perspectives on modeling standard language variation in a systematic manner. A major contribution of the volume lies in the fact that most chapters seek to integrate both concepts in modeling variation.

This edited collection engages with the contentious debate surrounding standard varieties and their distribution. For the past three decades, these arguments have coalesced around two camps: pluricentricity (the idea that standard varieties are intimately associated with nation states, with more powerful national standard varieties affecting the less powerful), and pluriareality (the idea that standard varieties are not limited by national borders and, instead, overlap significantly across dialect boundaries). With chapters focused on English, German, and Dutch, this book offers fresh perspectives on these theoretical constructs, drawing on data from a variety of standards, and a range of methodological approaches to their analysis. Researchers at all levels interested in standard language variation will find these discussions valuable, especially due to the volume’s integrative approach to pluricentricity and pluriareality, which seeks to demonstrate that these models heavily overlap rather than being in strict opposition.