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Sum of natural numbers using recursion

Last Updated : 17 Feb, 2023
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Given a number n, find sum of first n natural numbers. To calculate the sum, we will use a recursive function recur_sum().
Examples : 
 

Input : 3
Output : 6
Explanation : 1 + 2 + 3 = 6

Input : 5
Output : 15
Explanation : 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15


 


Below is code to find the sum of natural numbers up to n using recursion : 
 

C++
// C++ program to find the 
// sum of natural numbers up
// to n using recursion
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Returns sum of first 
// n natural numbers
int recurSum(int n)
{
    if (n <= 1)
        return n;
    return n + recurSum(n - 1);
}

// Driver code
int main()
{
    int n = 5;
    cout << recurSum(n);
    return 0;
}
Java
// Java program to find the 
// sum of natural numbers up
// to n using recursion
import java.util.*;
import java.lang.*;

class GFG
{

    // Returns sum of first 
    // n natural numbers
    public static int recurSum(int n)
    {
        if (n <= 1)
            return n;
        return n + recurSum(n - 1);
    }
    
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        int n = 5;
        System.out.println(recurSum(n));
    }
}

// This code is contributed by Sachin Bisht
Python
# Python code to find sum 
# of natural numbers upto
# n using recursion

# Returns sum of first
# n natural numbers
def recurSum(n):
    if n <= 1:
        return n
    return n + recurSum(n - 1)

# Driver code
n = 5
print(recurSum(n))
C#
// C# program to find the 
// sum of natural numbers
// up to n using recursion
using System;

class GFG
{

    // Returns sum of first 
    // n natural numbers
    public static int recurSum(int n)
    {
        if (n <= 1)
            return n;
        return n + recurSum(n - 1);
    }
    
    // Driver code
    public static void Main()
    {
        int n = 5;
        Console.WriteLine(recurSum(n));
    }
}

// This code is contributed by vt_m
PHP
<?php
// PHP program to find the
// sum of natural numbers 
// up to n using recursion

// Returns sum of first 
// n natural numbers
function recurSum($n)
{
    if ($n <= 1)
        return $n;
    return $n + recurSum($n - 1);
}

// Driver code
$n = 5;
echo(recurSum($n));

// This code is contributed by Ajit.
?>
JavaScript
<script>

// JavaScript program to find the
// sum of natural numbers
// up to n using recursion

// Returns sum of first
// n natural numbers
function recurSum(n)
{
    if (n <= 1)
        return n;
    return n + recurSum(n - 1);
}

// Driver code
let n = 5;
document.write(recurSum(n));

// This code is contributed by mohan

</script>

Output : 

15 

Time complexity : O(n)

Auxiliary space : O(n)

To solve this question , iterative approach is the best approach because it takes constant or O(1) auxiliary space and the time complexity will be same O(n).


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