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HTML File Format | .html Extension

Last Updated : 04 Apr, 2025
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HTML, or Hyper Text Markup Language, is the most basic file that defines the structure of the web page to be displayed. HTML files can be loaded from local storage (file system) or fetched from the server by a browser.

The HTML files are made up of elements like forms, texts, images, animations, etc. These elements are represented in the form of tags. HTML can also be embedded with a scripting language like JavaScript.

HTML File Format Structure

An HTML file typically follows this structure:

  • <!DOCTYPE HTML>: This declaration is used to specify the HTML version (HTML5 in this case).
  • <HTML>: The root element that wraps all HTML content.
  • <head>: Contains metadata, links to stylesheets, and other resources needed for the document.
  • <body>: This is where the content of the page is written, such as text, images, links, etc.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <title>Page Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>This is a Heading</h1>
        <p>This is a paragraph.</p>
    </body>
</html>

How HTML Files Are Rendered

Web browsers interpret HTML files and render them as web pages. When you open an HTML file, the browser reads the HTML code, processes the tags, and displays the content accordingly. It handles elements like text, images, styles (CSS), and behavior (JavaScript) to present the page.

Steps Involved in Rendering HTML

  • The HTML structure is parsed by the browser.
  • CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is applied for styling the page.
  • JavaScript (if included) is executed to make the page interactive.

How to Run HTML files ?

There are multiple ways to run HTML files. I will tell you an easier way.

Step 1: Create a new file 

index.html

Step 2:  Write HTML code inside the file, such as:

HTML 
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>List Example</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Types of Fruits</h1>
    <ul>
        <li>Apples</li>
        <li>Oranges</li>
        <li>Bananas</li>
    </ul>
</body>
</html>

Output:

  • Save the file with a .html extension (e.g., index.html).
  • Open the file in any web browser to view the webpage.
    • Screenshot-2025-04-04-120614
    Html

Benefits of HTML web page format

  • HTML allows us to browse the internet with ease; we just need to click on a link, which opens the door to the whole world of the internet.
  • Rich media integration The HTML file format allows us to integrate different kinds of media into our web page, making it more engaging and increasing the user experience.
  • Extensibility: HTML can be extended using various technologies and frameworks, allowing for the development of sophisticated web applications.

Limitations of HTML file

  • It is static, so it alone cannot be used to make dynamic web pages.
  • Making the structure for bigger pages complex due to the syntax
  • We need to write too much code, even for creating a simple page.
  • Security features are limited.

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