| | Natural Language Processing (NLP)
| Natural Language Understanding (NLU)
| Natural Language Generation (NLG)
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| 1 | It was first started by Alan Turing to make the machine understand the context of any document rather than treating it as simple words. | This explores the ways which enable the computers to grasp instructions provided by users in human languages like English, Hindi etc. | This enables the computers to produce the output after understanding the input given by the user in natural languages like English, Hindi etc. |
| 2 | It came into existence around 1950. | This concept began around 1866. | It came into existence around 1960. |
| 3 | It has 5 phases which are lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, disclosure integration and pragmatic analysis. | It has 3 phases, first paraphrasing the input information, second text conversion to other languages and third drawing inferences from the given information. | It also has 3 phases, first understanding the information, second formulating ways to provide output and third achieving the realization of giving output in natural languages. |
| 4 | Applications of NLP are Smart assistance, language translation, text analysis etc. | Applications of NLU are Speech recognition, sentiment analysis, spam filtering etc | Applications of NLG are Chatbots, Voice assistants etc. |
| 5 | It makes use of sensors for input and uses different layers for processing data and then provides output. | Sensors and processors are used to take input and process the information. | After understanding and processing, actuators are used to provide output. |
| 6 | It converts instructions from natural language to computer language and then the computer returns the information again in natural language after processing. | Converts the unstructured data provided by the user to structured or meaningful information. | It generates structured data for the user. |
| 7 | It utilizes different strategies to understand the natural language and give feedback accordingly. | It involves different analysis phases. | It has different generation phases. |
| 8 | It utilizes a learning mechanism to provide efficient results. | It first converts the natural language to machine language for understanding. | It formulates the plan for text utterance. |