COMMUNITY
MENTAL HEALTH
NURSING
BY: Richelle Anne B. Correa, RN
What is Mental
Health?
- state in the interrelationship
of the individual his/her
environment in which the
personality structures are
relatively stable and
environmental stresses are
within its absorptive
capacity.
-the potential of a
person to solve his
problems in a reality
based way within the
framework of his
traditions and culture.
simultaneous success with
working, loving and creating
with capacity of mature and
flexible resolution of
conflicts between instincts,
conscience, importance, other
people and reality.
-ability to
1. solve problems
2. fulfill one’s capacity for love and work
3. cope with crises without assistance beyond the
support of family and friends
4. maintain a state of well-being by enjoying life,
setting goals and realistic limits and becoming
independent, interdependent or dependent, as the need arises.
5. permanently losing one’s independence
6. capacity to redirect one’s instinctive hostile
energy into creative, constructive outlets
7. capacity to love
COMPONENTS OF
MENTAL HEALTH
1. Self-governance
-autonomy, functions,
independence, dependence and
interdependence as need arises.
2. Growth orientation
-willingness to depart from
status quo to progress
towards self-realization,
androgyny and
maximization of capacities.
3. Tolerance of
uncertainty
-faces the uncertainty of
living and the certainty of
death with faith and hope
4. Self-esteem
-has knowledge and
awareness of talents,
abilities and limitations
5. Mastery of Environment
-effective, effective,
capable, competent and
creative in dealing with and
influencing the environment.
6. Reality-orientation
-distinguishes fact from
fantasy, the real from the
dream world and acts
accordingly.
7. Stress Management
-experience appropriate
depressions, anxiety and
other feelings in daily life and can
tolerate high levels of stress
-flexible and can experience
failure with self-castigation
-copes with crises without needing
help beyond the
support of family and friends.
FACTORS
AFFECTING
MENTAL
HEALTH
1. Biological factors
-genetic factors
-prenatal and perinatal
influences
-physical health
-neuroanatomy and
physiology
2. Socio-cultural and
Economic Factors
-child rearing practices
-ethnicity
-socio-economic status
-housing
-religious influence
-values
3. Psychological Factors
-family interactions
(couple, parent-child,
siblings)
-intelligent quotient (IQ)
-skills, talents, creativity
-self-concept, self-
esteem
-emotional development
level
INDICATORS OF
MENTAL HEALTH
-meaningful work
-enjoyment of life
-ability to benefit from rest and
sleep
-optimism
-spontaneity
-satisfying relationship with
others
-sound judgments and decisions
-ability to give and receive
-behavior that is generally
accepted by the group
-direct expression of emotions,
What is mental
illness?
-illness with psychologic
and behavioral
manifestations and/or
impairment in functioning
due to a social,
psychological,
genetic,
physical/chemical or
includes those who are
1. displaying abnormal behavior more consistently than
most people;
2. a psychopathology exhibiting frequent
irresponsibility, inability to cope, frequently being at
odds with society and an inaccurate perception of
reality; and
3. absolute absence or constant presence of a specific
behavior that has a socially acceptable range of
occurrence
Characteristics
of
Mental
Disorders
1. Dissatisfaction with one’s
characteristics, abilities and
accomplishments.
2. Ineffective or unsatisfying
interpersonal relationships.
3.Dissatisfaction with one’s place
in the world
4. Ineffective coping
in adaptation to the
events in one’s
life as well as lack of
personal growth
MENTAL HEALTH
VS.
MENTAL ILLNESS
MENTAL HEALTH MENTAL ILLNESS
-accepts self and others -feelings of inadequacy and
-ability to cope or tolerate poor self-concept
stress; can return to normal -inability to cope maladaptive
functioning if temporarily Behavior
disturbed
-ability to form close and -inability to establish a
lasting relationship meaningful relationship
-uses sound judgment to
make decisions
uses sound judgment to displays poor judgment
make decisions Irresponsibility/ inability to
accept responsibility for
Action
optimistic -pessimistic
MENTAL HEALTH MENTAL ILLNESS
-recognizes limitations -does not recognize
(abilities and deficiencies) limitations (abilities and
deficiencies)
-can function effectively and -exhibits dependency needs
dependently because of feelings of
inadequacy
-able to perceive imagined -inability to perceive reality
circumstances from reality
ROLES OF A COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSE
1.Advocate
2.Collaborator
3.Consultant
4.Councilor
5.Educator
6.Researcher
7.Care Manager
8.Clinician
NATIONAL OBJECTIVES
ON MENTAL HEALTH
Goals:
-Mental health is promoted and
health-related effects of
stressful lifestyle is mitigated
-The prevalence of mental ill
health and disorders in the
Philippines is reduced
Health Status Objectives:
1. Reduce by 1% the
prevalence of mental health
problems: major depressive
disorders, schizophrenia,
alcohol and drug abuse.
2. Reduce by 5% the
members of the workforce
who have experienced
adverse life experiences as
consequences of stress in
the workplace (special
target groups: government
employees).
Risk Reduction Objectives:
1. Increase the proportion of high-risk
population
(victims of violence and disaster,
OFW, children I
extremely difficult circumstances and
adolescents)
who needs help for personal and
emotional problems
2. Increase the
proportion of numbers of
the workforce
who avail of stress
management services.
Services and Protection
Objectives:
1. Establish new and
upgrade existing mental
health facilities.
2. Upgrade existing
competencies on Mental
Health professionals and
health care providers
3. Increase the percentage of
health facilities,
workplaces and community that
provide mental
health services
4. Develop self-help
