LCR Meter and its applications
Dr.-Ing. Monthol Homklintian
30 July 2013
Outlines
NIMTs Traceability chart
Impedance measurement instrument
Measurement circuit mode
Terminal configuration
Measurement error and compensation
Analysis of specification
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30 July 2013
Capacitance Traceability Chart
NIMT Reference
Standard (National
Standard)
Set of fused silica
capacitance standard
uncertainty 10-8
1st-level
Working
Standard
Capacitance bridge
uncertainty 10-6
2nd-level
Working
Standard
Capacitance standard
uncertainty 10-5
General
Measuring
Equipment
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LCR Meter
uncertainty 10-4
30 July 2013
Inductance Traceability Chart
NIMT Reference
Standard
(National Standard)
Set of Inductance
standard
100 H to 10 H
uncertainty 10-6
Working
Standard
Set of Inductance
standard
100 H to 10 H
uncertainty 10-5
General
Measuring
Equipment
LCR Meter
uncertainty 10-4
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30 July 2013
CMC
Capacitance
1 pF, 10 pF, 100 pF
1000 pF
Inductance
100 H, 1 mH, 10 mH,
100 mH, 1 H, 10 H
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Range
1000 Hz and 1592 Hz
1000 Hz and 1592 Hz
Uncertainty (k=2)
0.8010-6
3.510-6
Range
Uncertainty (k=2)
1000 Hz
0.1610-3
30 July 2013
Impedance measurement instrument
Measurement method
Applicable frequency range
Bridge method
Resonant method
I-V method
Network analysis method
Auto-balancing bridge method
DC to 300 MHz
10 kHz to 70 MHz
10 kHz to 100 MHz
300 kHz and above
20 Hz to 110 MHz
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30 July 2013
Principle of auto-balancing bridge method
Advantage
-Wide frequency coverage from LF to HF
-High accuracy over a wide impedance
measurement range
-Grounded device measurement
Disadvantage
-Higher frequency ranges not available
Applicable frequency range
20 Hz to 110 MHz
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30 July 2013
Measurement Circuit Mode
Circuit
Mode
Measurement
function
Cp
Cp-D
Cp-Q
Cp-G
Cp-RP
CS
Lp
LS
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CS-D
CS-Q
CS-RS
Lp-D
Lp-Q
Lp-G
Lp-RP
LS-D
LS-Q
LS-RS
Definition of D, Q
and G
D=
1
1
=
2fC P RP Q
G=
1
RP
D = 2fC S RS =
Q=
1
(1 + D 2 )
LS = LP
1
(1 + D 2 )
1
Q
1
RP
=
2fLP D
G=
Q=
CP = CS
1
RP
2fLS 1
=
RS
D
30 July 2013
Measurement Circuit Mode
Capacitance Measurement
Large value
Small value
Rp
Large C
Less significant
Low Z
Rs
More significant
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Small C
High Z
RP
More significant
RS
Less significant
30 July 2013
Measurement Circuit Mode
Inductance Measurement
Large value
Small value
Rp
Large L
Less significant
High Z
Rs
More significant
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Small L
Low Z
RP
More significant
RS
Less significant
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Measurement Circuit Mode
Low impedance
Large C, Small L
High impedance
Small C, Large L
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Cs
Ls
Cp
Lp
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Terminal configuration
Two terminal
Three terminal
Four terminal
Four terminal pair
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12
Two-terminal measurement technique
Advantage :
Simplest method
Disadvantage :
Contains many sources of error
Typical impedance measurement range
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13
Three-terminal measurement technique
Advantage :
Reduce stray capacitance
Disadvantage :
RL , LL and Rc still remain
Typical impedance measurement range
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14
Four-terminal measurement technique
Advantage :
RL , LL and Rc are eliminated
Disadvantage :
Stray capacitance C0 still remain
Magnetic coupling M induces error voltages
Typical impedance measurement range
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Four-terminal pair measurement technique
Advantage :
RL , LL and Rc are eliminated
Improve the impedance measurement range to 1 m
Magnetic couplings M are eliminated
Typical impedance measurement range
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Terminal configuration
Type : GR 1409
Type : GR 1482
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2-terminal
3-terminal (binding post)
2-terminal
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Terminal configuration
Type : IET 1404
3-terminal (coaxial)
Type : QuadTech 1417
Type : HP 16380
4-terminal
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4-terminal pair
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18
Measurement error and compensation
Instrument inaccuracies (including test signal level inaccuracy,
and impedance measurement inaccuracy)
Residuals in the test fixtures and cables
Noise
Basic accuracy ! : not included Cable / Test Fixture
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Measurement error and compensation
OPEN Compensation
42090A Open Termination
(4-Terminal Pair)
OPEN compensation Stray admittance (Y)
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Measurement error and compensation
SHORT Compensation
42091A Short Termination
(4-Terminal Pair)
SHORT compensation Residual impedance (Z)
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Measurement error and compensation
C DUT = Cmeasure CStray
LDUT = Lmeasure Lcable
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22
Analysis of specification (PM6304/C)
10 nF @ 1 kHz (Accuracy PM6304C)
o Low Level = 0.5 %
o Normal Level = 0.05 %
o High Level = 0.1 %
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30 July 2013
23
Analysis of specification (PM6304/C)
100 mH @ 300 Hz (Accuracy PM6304)
o Low Level = 0.5 %
o Normal Level = 0.1 %
o High Level = 0.1 %
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Thanks
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Traceability chart
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Reference
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Example of measurement accuracy
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