Ce a Department of Technical Education and Training ie Lab Practical Course NCT Civil Engineering Module Name Materials and Structures Semester 2r¢ Semester Unit: Stresses and strains ~ 1.4, 1.6 Name of the practical: Tensile testing of mild steel Aim and Objectives: Mild steel is used in construction industry for the feinforced concrete construction as well as structural steel construction. Its prime property is the tensile strength contributing to the structural stability. The behavior of the metal under the action of a tensile force is essential to investigate and thereby to evaluate the tensile strength for the design purposes through this practical. Sub areas in this practical: This can be used to check the suitability to confirm with the specified specification of the steel used. Tools, equipment and materials: Prepared mild steel test specimen, Tensile testing machine with the specified requirements, caliper for diameter measurement, tool for the length measurement Related diagrams: anewwre 7 FT ——— Se » rr Crosshead cou anon | faa ii c Mojum seretel ena (3) Round coss section Test specimen. Gross secton aces + Seaa'sos ea: Extensometer_ Load cell Foal Gauge length a Wine te eng (©) Square sore excton Fig, 1 Overview of SHIMADZU Autograph AG-X oOManual non-shift wedge = typegips va ‘gauge es ~~ Extonsometer Praatic ofermation Gaupeienath ® ‘attire Test specimen figina ameter Reduction in Diameter at tature ometer Fig. 2 Test Specimen and Extensometer 6) 7. Procedural steps. 4, Prepare the test sample by machining process to have 20 mm diameter in the testing portion and the enlarged end diameter larger ~ say 30 mm. 2. Mark the gauge length end points on the specimen at equal distance from the specimen centre, and measure the intial test length.- say 60 mm. 3. Set the test sample specimen securely held by top and bottom grips (or chucks) attached to the tensile testing machine Apply force through the machine to move apart the grips at a constant rate to stretch the specimen. ‘At any particular stage stop the machine and measure the distance between the marked gauge points to calculate the elongation and note down the force and thereby the stress. Continue the test until the specimen starts getting necked and then fails ultimately. At the failure point, set the two parts together to measure the final length. Prepare the table of stresses and strains for the incremental stages and plot the values in the graph. Use the graph to determine the following. e©erne © Tensile strength, also known as Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS), is the maximum tensile stress cartied by the specimen, ductile property and the coefficient of elasticity. o°Yield strength is the stress at which time permanent (plastic) deformation or yielding is observed to begin me ~ eet sad ‘> Duetility measurements are typically elongation, defied as the strain at, or after, the point of fracture, and reduction of area after the fracture of the test sample. 8. Prepare the lab report: Comment on the results comparing with the standard values on the technical basis and make any special references. on.