PROYECT Nº: SHEET: 1 de 6
EMITED BY :
PROYECT
-
DOCUMENT :
2014_00_FOUNDATION REQUIREMENTS
APPROVED
REVI CHECKED
PREPARED REVISED
SED ING D.P DC DT
COMMENTS:
1 -. INTRODUCTION
The calculations presented in this section allow a pre-foundation design. The issues discussed in this
chapter are only general guidelines. A qualified technician must do the design of foundations.
The foundation of a generator must satisfy the following functions:
- Support the weight of the generator set, as well as any kind of stress or vibration that occurs during
operation.
- Be sufficiently rigid and stable so that there is no distortion, which could affect the alignment of the
generator set.
- Absorb the vibration caused during operation of the genset and prevent transmission to other elements.
2 -. TYPES OF FOUNDATIONS
2.1 -. CONCRETE SLAB
When there are no problems with the transmission of vibrations, foundation either may be performed by a
slab of concrete, mass concrete type or reinforced concrete type.
It is recommended that the concrete slab protrude between 300 and 450 mm around all sides of the
generator set. Moreover, said slab shall be elevated above ground level between 100 and 250 mm,
forming a plinth
Figure 1. CONCRETE SLAB
Figure 3. CONCRETE SLAB
The recommended execution of the slab material should have a resistance fck, exceeding 20
N/mm2 in the case of mass concrete, and above 25 N/mm2 in reinforced concrete. A mixture of 1
part cement, two parts sand and three parts of aggregates are recommended. The settlement of
the slab will not be greater than 100 mm.
The design criteria of a slab of concrete foundation mass is the weight of the concrete slab is equal
to the weight of the generator set (including liquids, auxiliary equipment…).Thus:
D=W/B*o*L
D: slab depth [m].
W: weight of the generator set (including liquids, equipment [Kg].
ρ: density of concrete 2400 Kg/m3.
B: Width of the slab [m].
L: Length of the slab [m].
The design of the concrete slab in this way assumes that the generating set has elastic elements
that isolate vibrations. If it were not so, the dynamic loads should be considered in the calculation of
the concrete slab. Therefore, can be considered 125% of the weight of the generator set (W), as
practice mode.
When coupled in parallel generators, large pairs of reaction due to the time lag may occur. In this
case, the foundation slab should be more resistant. Therefore, it is considered that the weight of the
concrete slab is equal to twice the weight of the generator set (including liquids, auxiliary
equipment… |). Besides, is recommended the anchoring of genset to the slab.
Recommended placing a steel mesh to about 75 mm from the surface as a reinforcement. In any
case, for calculating slabs are reinforced concrete foundation and will resort to specific methods
should be performed by qualified technicians
Figure 3. Steel mesh as a reinforcement.
After determining the size of the slab, it is necessary to check that the ground is capable of
supporting the total weight (slab + genset) and other forces involved. The total charge per unit area that
must withstand the subsoil and divided by the surface of the slab is determined.
P=W/A
P: total charge per unit area [Kg/m2].
W: weight of the generator set (including liquids, equipment…) plus the weight of the
foundation slab (Kg).
A: Total area of the foundation slab [m2].
This surface force, P, will have to be less than the resistance of the ground (permissible pressure). For
example in the following table the resistance of different types of land shown:
Ground Resistance of the ground kPa
Rock, compacted clay 482.6
Clay, gravel, coarse sand 386
Medium sand, clay average 193
Fine sand 96.5
F
Soft clay 0-96.5
Tabla 1. Resistance of the ground.
For a more detailed calculation, use the Structural Concrete EHE-08.
2.2- CONCRETE PAD
In this case the foundation, this consists of several reinforced concrete buildings. Due to the
complexity of design shall use qualified technicians.
Figure 4. Example of concrete pad foundation
2.3.- FLOATING CONCRETE SLAB
In situations where it is necessary to isolate the vibrations of the generator set from the rest of the
building, you can opt for a concrete slab located in slot greater than the slab foundation.
Generally, a gap of about 25mm is maintained on the four sides of the slab. This gap allows the
movement of the concrete slab and therefore vibration isolation to the rest of the construction.
From the standpoint of construction is required, at the bottom and a waterproof sealing material
sidewalls material.
Figure 5. FLOATING CONCRETE SLAB
3.- ANCHOR BOLTS
For anchoring the genset, holes must be defined in foundation to enter the anchor
bolts.
Figure 6. ANCHOR BOLTS
