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CONSULTING FIRM INFORMATION

Associations: Add partners as discussed separately.

Present the rationale for and benefits of working in association with others rather than undertaking
the assignment independently (as appropriate). Describe the proposed management and
coordination approach of the association and the role of each firm.
Ricardo-AEA, as the lead organisation, has put together a team of highly qualified individual international and
national experts and associated international and national consultancy firms, including focused teams of experts
from the target DMCs. Ricardo-AEA has engaged the services and expertise of Clean Air Asia both as international
experts and national experts for the Philippines, Rehman Habib Consultants (Pvt) Limited-RHC, PITCO (Pvt)
Limited and LEAD Consultants based in Pakistan; and Nature Conservation Management (NACOM) based in
Bangladesh. We have also engaged the services and expertise of individual national consultants from Mongolia
and Viet Nam with the required expertise in air quality monitoring, assessment and management.

We have adopted this partnership approach to ensure that the project has access to highly specialized technical
inputs and international best practices in air quality management. Alongside this, we have formed City teams of
three national experts in each partner country to ensure effective liaison with stakeholders and data providers in
each of the cities under consideration. The City teams will be drawn from the partner organisations listed above,
together with individual consultants affiliated with Ricardo-AEA. Clean Air Asia staff in the Philippines and its
country network of individual consultants in Viet Nam will form the city teams in these countries.

The Project Management team will comprise:

* Ben Grebot of Ricardo-AEA (Team Leader)

* Glynda Bathan-Baterina of Clean Air Asia (Deputy Team Leader)

* Jo Green of Ricardo-AEA (Project planning and control expert)

* Dang Espita of Clean Air Asia (Project planning and control expert)

In order to provide effective project management and coordination, Ben Grebot will provide overall leadership in
the delivery of TA outputs, assisted by Glynda Bathan-Baterina. Both Ben and Glynda will be supported on the
day-to-day project coordination by Jo Green and Dang Espita. City level coordinators in each country will work
closely with the project management team, and will be responsible for managing the city experts and coordinating
with city and national focal points and ADB Resident Missions.

ASSIGNMENT SPECIFIC QUALIFICATIONS AND EXPERIENCE

A Technical Competence

Ricardo-AEA
Ricardo-AEA is a British company with 60 years of delivery of air quality and broader environment-related
consulting services. Ricardo-AEA, as a part of the broader Ricardo-AEA Group, combines over 100 years of
engineering, technology and innovation heritage. Ricardo-AEA is an internationally-renowned consultancy with
world-leading air quality, energy, climate change and environmental experts. Over the last 20 years, Ricardo-AEA
have worked in nearly 100 countries and over 1500 projects across Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas.
Our international experience covers projects financed by the leading international development agencies, including
the Asian Development Bank, World Bank, DfID, UK FCO, Commonwealth Development Corporation, International
Finance Corporation, African Development Bank, European Investment Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction
and Development, the European Community (Phare, Tacis and ACP funds), Arab Fund, Kuwait Fund, Inter-
American Development Bank and Caribbean Development Bank, etc. Ricardo-AEA is a subsidiary of Ricardo plc,
a global organisation with an annual turnover of £380 million, employing over 3,000 staff in 21 countries around
the world. Ricardo plc is a public company quoted on the London Stock Exchange and a constituent of the FTSE
techMark100 index.

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For many decades, Ricardo-AEA has been providing world-leading advice and support in protecting air quality and
the environment – covering policy and strategy, environmental assessments, measurement, modelling, exposure
studies and public information dissemination. We have managed numerous high-profile environmental
programmes and contracts for clients around the world.

Our work includes:

• Emission inventory design, development, compilation, interpretation and analysis.

• Delivering atmospheric modelling studies and pollution forecasting services.
• Providing support to governments on national and transboundary pollution issues.
• Advising city and local government organisations around the world on their air pollution problems and helping
to design and implement cost-effective clean air action plans.
• Advising hundreds of businesses on their air pollution responsibilities and helping them achieve least-cost
compliance.

In the past 60 years, we have set up and continue to manage many aspects of the UK’s air quality monitoring
networks, modelling and inventory development. We have taken this expertise to national and city authorities
worldwide. We are the leading supplier of air quality and emissions policy advice to the European Commission and
other international bodies. We provide the most comprehensive range of air quality and emissions services – from
policy support to meet national and international obligations, evidence-based advice and modelling, through to
detailed technical solutions.

We have been, and are currently, working with the Asian Development Bank to provide support to help deliver air
quality improvements across the region. We have been advising ADB on a range of air quality issues including
training of internal staff for assessing the impacts of projects on air quality. We are also evaluating EIAs and other
technical assessments prepared by ADB staff and partners for new developments to ensure that potential air quality
impacts have been considered and evaluated in a consistent and appropriate manner. Of direct relevance to this
contract, we have undertaken the source apportionment study for the city of Jinan, and we currently developing air
quality action plans for four further cities in China across two separate contracts. Project profiles for directly relevant
studies are linked to this EOI, with further profiles shown below.

Other recent air quality and emissions projects in the region include advising regulatory authorities in India on
industrial emissions standards, developing air emissions inventories for inland shipping in Bangladesh, and
carrying out a scoping study of strategic air quality issues in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal.

Ricardo-AEA will be working with its principal partner Clean Air Asia, to fulfil all key expert and non-key expert
roles.

Clean Air Asia

Clean Air Asia (CAA) is leading the mission for better air quality and healthier, more liveable cities in Asia and the
Pacific. Established in 2001 by the Asian Development Bank, World Bank, and USAID, it envisions an “Asia without
air pollution.” The organization works with national and city governments, the private sector, and development
agencies to reduce air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in over a thousand cities in Asia. Clean Air Asia
provides leadership and technical knowledge through policies and programs that cover four work areas: air quality
and climate change, low-emission urban development, clean fuels and vehicles, and green freight and logistics.
The organization has country networks in PRC, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and
Viet Nam that facilitate activities with stakeholders and local partners to ensure optimized outreach. Clean Air Asia’s
approach is hinged on science-based, actionable guidance, combined with partnerships and collaboration, as key
drivers for meaningful and lasting impact.

Clean Air Asia designs and implements its programs and projects based on three pillars: (i) facilitating regional
collaboration for improved air quality management (AQM), (ii) building capacity of AQM stakeholders, and (iii)
supporting management of air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in the region. Its programs respond to the
international call for action on air pollution by supporting existing initiatives at the regional, national and city levels
to strengthen and prioritize efforts aimed at addressing air pollution in a collaborative and integrated manner. Clean
Air Asia’s assistance to cities focuses on science-based clean air action plan development and implementation,
capacity building including training on AQM, and awareness raising on air pollution impacts and knowledge sharing
of solutions and good practices among cities.

Clean Air Asia’s flagship biennial event, the Better Air Quality Conference (BAQ), convenes policymakers,
practitioners, and industry leaders in developing solutions for cleaner and liveable cities. This event serves as a
platform for information and knowledge exchange on best practices in air quality management. The event also
highlights the achievements of cities, individuals, and governments on reducing air pollution.

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Clean Air Asia is a non-government organization registered in the Philippines since 2007. Its headquarters is in
Manila and it has offices in Beijing and Delhi. Clean Air Asia’s office in PRC is registered under the Office of
Overseas NGOs Administration of the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau with the Ministry of Environmental
Protection as its professional supervisory organization.

Nature Conservation Management (NACOM) is the pioneer, non-government, pro-environment organization in

Bangladesh, founded in 1987 as Nature Conservation Movement and renamed in 1998 with broader mandate of
activities in the area of natural resources management and livelihood development. NACOM’s goal is protection of
nature for better human life. Its mission is to engage in activities to ensure protection of nature while empowering
local communities. Its mandates relate to biodiversity conservation, air pollution, sustainable development, climate
change adaptation, poverty alleviation and sustainable natural resource management. NACOM has a dedicated
team including highly experienced and skilled experts for implementing projects. NACOM’s multidisciplinary team
consists of professionals in the fields of natural resource survey and management, energy, ecological and social
assessment, environmental education and training, environmental impact assessment.

PITCO, established in 1938, is one of Pakistan’s leading multi-discipline consulting companies. The company’s
focus areas include energy, environment, economic growth, and sustainability. It works with industries and industry
associations, regulatory authorities, utilities and distribution companies, multilateral institutions (IFC, USAID, World
Bank, ADB, European Union, etc.) and service sector organizations. Over the last decade, PITCO has worked
extensively with industries and industrial associations to improve overall efficiency of the sector. PITCO provides
services in areas of energy and resource conservation; development of technology matrix for cleaner production
interventions; energy management system design and implementation; waste heat recovery and fuel switch to
renewable sources; technical assistance for small and medium-sized enterprise development.

Rehman Habib Consultants (Pvt.) Ltd. (RHC) established in 2003 is a multi-discipline company providing
professional consultancy services in civil engineering, irrigation and agriculture. Based in Pakistan, RHC has a
broad client base ranging from federal, provincial and local government organizations to various private sector
organizations. The RHC team is composed of highly qualified and experienced experts including planners and
engineers, transportation specialists, agriculture specialists, geologists, geotechnical engineers, sociologists,
environmentalists, institutional development experts, economists, etc.

Leadership for Environment and Development (LEAD), Pakistan, is an independent policy think tank that
focuses on policy research, public policy engagement, and leadership development in the public, private and not-
for-profit sectors. In addition to its Leadership Development Programme (since 1995), Social Capital Development
(since 2004), Climate Action Programme (since 2007), and Water Programme (since 2013), LEAD Pakistan
launched incubation of three Special Initiatives in 2015: Pakistan-Towards 2047; Knowledge Hub on SDGs; and
Sustainable Cities. Through its field projects, under these programmes, it has been striving to build the social
capital of the targeted communities. These strategic programmes aim to shape the development discourse in
Pakistan and to ensure that the federal and provincial governments' development agendas are equitable, in line
with international commitments and global best practices. During the last few years, LEAD has been the strongest
proponent and exemplar of climate compatible development in the country.

LEAD Pakistan hosts several networks of sub-national, national and regional significance. Most of our work is
carried out in partnership with other institutions. LEAD has pursued a robust and ambitious research agenda. Our
research on various dimensions of climate change, water, environment, health and education, among other sectors,
has attracted national and international attention. LEAD has a history of successful delivery of over 200
development initiatives over 22 years in Pakistan, the South Asian region and beyond.

PROJECT PROFILES

Our expertise is demonstrated in the project references associated with this EOI. Additionally, the following project
references further confirm our expertise.

TA-9612 PRC: Study on the Road Map for Air Quality Improvement in Pilot Cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei
and Its Surrounding Areas

The aim of the project is to establish an air pollution emission management database and develop a road map for
air quality improvement in Tangshan, Hebei Province in the greater Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region. This will
be delivered through the following actions:

(i) carry out a survey to collect basic pollution emission data from different sectors including energy, industrial,
traffic and residential sectors in Tangshan;

(ii) use the results to develop emission inventories for Tangshan and conduct a source apportionment study based
on the emission inventories;

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(iii) quantitatively analyze the contributions of key industries and sources from both the hinterland and the city to
the total emissions in Tangshan using a simulation and receptor model;

(i) study the emissions from energy sector and main industrial sectors to evaluate their impacts on air quality and
climate change, and develop different scenarios to optimize energy and industrial structures in Tangshan to reduce
air pollution and mitigate climate change;

(iv) conduct a cost-benefit analysis of air pollution reduction measures;

(v) establish an air pollution emission management database; and

(vi) prepare a road map for air quality improvement in Tangshan.

Ricardo are leading the policy developments aspects of the project including the cost-benefit analysis of air pollution
reduction measures. The Chinese Research Academy for Environmental Science (CRAES) are the overall project
leads.

Preparing Air Quality Improvement Program (2017 – 2019) in the Greater Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region (TA-
9309 PRC)

This major project is designed to develop air quality action plans for three cities in the Greater BTH region. This
study includes the development of an air emissions inventory which is used as an input to a detailed and innovative
dispersion modelling analysis, designed to identify the key sources of pollution and enable cost-effective solutions
to the serious air quality issues affecting the region to be identified and implemented. This project is designed to
provide a case study for future development of city-scale air quality management studies and the development of
cost-effective action plans. The services provided in the assignment include:

1. Inventory development

2. Source apportionment

3. Air quality action plan development

4. Stakeholder liaison

Improving China’s Air Pollution. A case study to inform low emission transport strategies in Jinan City.
This project estimated source apportionment for NO2, PM2.5 and SO2 concentrations in the city of Jinan (Shandong
province). The quantification of these two aspects relied on the combined application of a regional scale (WRF-
Chem) model with a Ricardo-AEA, city-scale dispersion model operating within a GIS environment (RapidAIR).
We developed modelling tools for the elaboration of air quality plans in the city of Jinan and the work was carried
out by Ricardo-AEA in partnership with the Shandong Society of Environmental Sciences.

• The modelling results showed that the sources contributing to the ambient levels of NO2, PM2.5 and SO2 in
Jinan and Shandong Province are different depending on the season. Thus, during the winter season,
emissions from the domestic sector tend to dominate whilst during the summer, industry appears to have a
substantial influence on the same pollutants.
• Additionally, transboundary air pollution (i.e. pollution originating from outside of Jinan) is very significant for
the city. Emissions from Hebei, Henan and Jiangsu Provinces are substantial for the pollutants PM2.5, NO2 and
SO2. During the winter period it is evident that the greatest transboundary contribution is from Hebei Province.
During the summer time, PM2.5 transported from the Jiangsu Province is important.
• Emissions from road transport sources were estimated to be currently less significant than domestic and
industrial sources. However, these may be locally important within the city and they are expected to grow in
importance as the number of vehicles increases and as other sources respond to emission reduction
measures.
In response to our source apportionment and indicative prioritisation we also proposed a range of potential emission
reduction measures for consideration as part of any policies developed to address the key sources. Development
of an air pollution management strategy must include joint actions to account for transboundary pollution control
as well as those aimed at city and Shandong Provincial sources. The tools developed through this study are
suitable for the integration of existing and planned initiatives at the regional or city scale – and so are able to
synthesise overall impacts upon air quality and form the basis of projections of policy impacts on air quality – out
to the appropriate policy horizon e.g. 2025. The tools are also able to integrate economic and environmental costs
benefits analysis and include co-benefits of greenhouse gas controls.

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British Consulate in Chongqing, Shandong Society for Environmental Sciences

TA-9034 PRC: Developing Cost-Effective Policies and Investments to Achieve Climate and Air Quality
Goals in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region – International Air Quality Modelling Expert Specialist (49388-
001)

The objective of the assignment is to develop a sufficient evidence base for the evaluation of targeted pollution
reduction measures in two selected cities in the greater Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region of the People's Republic of
China (PRC), in order to identify the most effective actions to take in order to improve air quality at the local level.
The development of this evidence base is necessary for building air quality plans that are credible and fit-for-
purpose in the region and to improve the coordination between national, regional and local authorities in their
abatement strategies. This proposition is designed to deliver robust and effective air quality policies and action
plans in strategically selected cities in PRC.

The tasks undertaken include:

(i) Guide local consultants to gather relevant data for selected cities to establish an air pollution inventory.

(ii) Conduct baseline air quality modelling to enable source apportionment for selected cities.

(iii) Conduct assessment of potential health and other impacts from proposed air quality policies and measures.

Scott Hamilton, project for Asian Development Bank

TA-9034 PRC: Developing Cost-Effective Policies and Investments to Achieve Climate and Air Quality
Goals in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region – International Air Quality Policy Specialist (49388-001)

The objective of the assignment is to develop a sufficient evidence base for the evaluation of targeted pollution
reduction measures in selected cities in the People's Republic of China (PRC), in order to identify the most effective
actions to take in order to improve air quality at the local level. The development of this evidence base is necessary
for building air quality plans that are credible and fit-for-purpose in the region and to improve the coordination
between national, regional and local authorities in their abatement strategies. This proposition is designed to deliver
robust and effective air quality policies and action plans in strategically selected cities in PRC.

The tasks undertaken include:

(i) Review international and national experiences and develop a long list of emission control policies, regulations,
and incentive schemes.

(ii) Review policies adopted and measures undertaken in two strategically selected cities in the greater BTH region
and review progress on air quality improvement attained to date.

(iii) Undertake wide range stakeholder engagement and officials with relevant powers to refine long-list of policies,
measures and incentive schemes to a short list. .

(iv) Based on the economic analysis of such measures prepare an assessment of effectiveness for proposed
policies.

(v) Prepare a recommended action plan for policies, regulations, and incentive schemes for the selected cities.

(vi) Conduct cost-benefit analyses for subprojects.

Ben Grebot, project for Asian Development Bank

Review of National Air Pollutant Projections and Assessment of National Air Pollution Control Programmes
National Air Pollution Control Programmes (NAPCPs) play a central role in the implementation of the revised
National Emission Ceilings Directive (NECD). In addition to ensuring that Member States are on track to meet their
2020 and 2030 emission reduction commitments, the NAPCPs should contribute to the achievement of other NECD
objectives, namely achieving the EU air quality, ecosystems and biodiversity objectives and enhanced synergies
with other policy areas particularly climate and energy. Preparation of the NAPCPs should be underpinned by a
good quality historic emission inventory and air pollutant emission projections. This study will deliver an in-depth,
comprehensive review of Member State emission projections and NAPCPs in an integrated way, to ensure that

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they have both been developed coherently and consistently, in line with available guidelines, also developed by
Ricardo.
European Commission, DG Environment

Southampton Clean Air Feasibility Study

Southampton is one of five cities (excluding London) which will be required to introduce Clean Air Zones designed
to discourage the most polluting vehicles under UK Government’s current Air Quality Plan targeting NO2
compliance by 2020. In the case of Southampton, the non-compliance relates particularly to the Western Approach
from the M271 to the port area.

Southampton City Council have commissioned Ricardo-AEA to undertake a Clean Air Zone Feasibility study. This
is split into 3 clearly defined phases of work required covering:

• Phase 1 Needs Assessment – review and assess of both the air quality and transport modelling data and
needs required to robustly assess CAZ options for the city
• Phase 2 Modelling Delivery – deliver the air quality modelling, co-ordination and integration of the
transport modelling and interpretation and analysis of the results
• Phase 3 Business case development – develop a Business Case following HMT’s Five Case Model as
set out in the tender Annex III.
This study will explore and assess different options for constructing a CAZ in Southampton and what supporting
measures will be required to facilitate successful delivery. Ricardo-AEA will also undertake detailed modelling of
the impacts of the options on air pollutant emissions and concentrations using the RapidAir model (This is Ricardo-
AEA’s proprietary modelling system developed for urban air pollution assessment and the model that was used
previously in Southampton for the LES study).

To support the implementation of a Clean Air Zone (CAZ) the Government has developed a CAZ framework. The
development of a CAZ in Southampton must take place in relation to this framework and Government is working
closely with the CAZ cities, through its Joint Air Quality Unit (JAQU), to ensure that this happens.

Southampton City Council, UK

European Urban Transport Roadmaps to 2030

Many European cities face increasing challenges to their mobility systems. This study, through the development of
a web-based policy support tool, plays a vital role in assisting city authorities across the EU take forward
Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMPS). The tool allows cities to explore different transport policy scenarios
and is adaptable to different city circumstances. All urban transport modes are covered. The tool helps ensure
that the roadmaps developed can be communicated to a wide range of stakeholders. The tool is easy to use,
requires limited data and provide outputs in different metrics to 2030. It is available in six different European
languages and is adaptable to a range of city types.

Five illustrative policy roadmaps have been developed to accompany the tool which focus on European urban
mobility goals, with special reference to those mentioned in the 2011 Transport White Paper. These policy
roadmaps identify the actions required at the EU, national and local level. The development of roadmaps helps to
ensure the impact of the study on European urban mobility in the long term.

Extensive engagement with representatives from city authorities and experts has been a key part of the study.
This engagement supported the development and testing of the policy support tool – ensuring that it meets the
guidance needs of city authorities and the development of the policy roadmaps – ensuring that they challenging
and attainable. Two expert workshops were held, one in 2014 and one in 2015. A further stakeholder and tool
launch event was held as part of the SUMP conference in 2016. A final conference will be held towards the end
of 2017.

European Commission, DG MOVE

A Review of the Process for Setting Industry-Specific Emission Standards in India

Ricardo-AEA, in partnership with Ricardo-AEA India, were contracted by the Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation
to undertake a review of the process adopted for setting industry-specific emission standards in India. The project

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aimed to characterise the existing process for setting emission standards and to assess the degree to which this
process is followed in practice. The assessment looked at how techno-economic, environmental and social impacts
are taken into consideration, and provided a detailed review of three industrial sectors. The findings of the study
were presented at a Stakeholder Engagement Workshop in Delhi, which was attended by representatives of
Central and State Government, NGOs and industry bodies.
Ricardo-AEA worked with members of the Project Steering Committee, including representatives of the Shakti
Sustainable Energy Foundation, the Council on Energy, Environment and Water, the Public Health Foundation of
India, and Ricardo-AEA India, to undertake a stakeholder engagement programme and detailed desk study in
support of the assessment. Ricardo-AEA also chaired the Stakeholder Engagement Workshop to present the
results of the study.

Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation

ArRiyadh Air Quality Management Project (2013-2016)

In response to the environmental challenges presented by rapid urbanisation of Riyadh, Ricardo-AEA has been
working on behalf of ArRiyadh Development Authority (ADA) to provide a consolidated air quality evidence base to
support the development of future air quality policy for the city. To deliver a consolidated evidence base, the ADA
commissioned a number of assignments and services to support the development of an air quality evidence base.
The main objective of the project has been to develop an air quality resource and associated tools that can be used
to help identify key pollutants of concern, apportions their emissions by source in a robust way, and enhances air
quality management in the city. Through delivering these objectives, Ricardo-AEA has developed an improved and
robust evidence base has now been developed which can be used by ADA to help inform emission reduction
strategies in pursuit of Riyadh air quality ambitions. The project has delivered the following key Assignments to
support this:

1. Monitoring: Collection and checking of data from air quality measurement stations;

2. Periodic Reporting: Reporting of data from the ADA air quality monitoring network;

3. Air Quality Index: Generation of an Air Quality Index (AQI);

4. Air Quality Model: Modelling of air quality within Riyadh to provide a comprehensive profile of air quality
across the city;

5. Air Quality Management System: Consolidation of air quality measurement and modelling data within
ArRiyadh Development Authority’s systems in a powerful, integrated, fashion that allows for interrogation,
querying and reporting of data;

6. Training: A comprehensive and tailored programme of training and knowledge transfer for designated
employees within ArRiyadh Development Authority.

The work has provided expert analysis and advice that is underpinned by measurement, inventory and city-scale
modelling projects. The work can thus be used to support the growing city’s air quality management plans while
providing institutional strengthening and building capacity for the metropolitan areas own governmental
organisations.

ArRiyadh Development Authority (ADA)

Services to develop and test a methodology for tracking EU funding for air quality and air emissions
reduction

There are two principal legislative instruments in place in the EU which address air quality and emissions: the Air
Quality Directive (AQD) (2008/50/EC) and the National Emission Ceilings Directive (NECD) (2001/81/EC). Revised
ceilings in the NECD have recently been agreed and the revised text includes provisions for more regular and
detailed reporting requirements by the European Commission to the European Parliament under Article 11, one
aspect of which relates to use of EU funds. This also links to the provision set out under Article 7 of the revised
NECD: to create ‘a one-stop shop where entities can easily check the availability of funds’.

The objective of this project is this to develop and test a methodology for the tracking of EU funds and financing
mechanisms related to air quality improvements and emission reductions, and the primary driver for this study is

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the revised NECD and the requirements related to reporting on the use of EU funding for emission reductions and
improving accessibility to this funding for the Member States.

The research aims to:

1. Identify all EU funds and financing mechanisms where air quality and emission reduction of air pollutants are or
could be included or mainstreamed.

2. Develop a methodology for tracking EU funding that is contributing to air quality and emission reduction (and for
allocating the air quality part in the case of multiple objectives), with a justification why specific funding programmes
should be included in any future analysis and reporting obligation (e.g. under the new NEC Directive) or not.

3. Test the methodology for 2 to 4 Member States which are representative for the EU (e.g.as regards meteorology,
socio-economic conditions, air quality) and for the emission reduction challenges they face (e.g. where important
emission sources are transport, solid fuel for domestic heating, and/or agriculture).

4. Identify any barriers at EU level and in Member States as regards the reporting obligation related to funding
under the new NEC Directive (Article 11-lc)

5. Provide an estimate of the resources needed to do a full analysis, and based on this, make recommendations
on how to execute this reporting obligation.

The overall output from the study will be a refined tracking methodology with supporting information on how it has
been developed and can be applied, relevant data sources and funding sources along with potential barriers and
solutions to resolve them

Although developing a methodology for tracking EU funds in relation to air quality and/or emission reduction
measures in this way is to primarily support the Commission in meeting its reporting obligation under the revised
NECD; it will also:

• contribute to wider policy initiatives to improve policy implementation through greater transparency in how EU
funds are being used,
• help to identify new opportunities for EU funding of initiatives benefiting EU air quality and emission reductions,
and
• mark the first steps towards mainstreaming these issues across relevant policies and funds, as well as
highlighting any potential adverse effects for air quality arising from EU funds.
European Commission, DG Environment

Air Quality and Emissions: preparation for country dialogues and guidance for improved planning

The aim of this study was to assist the European Commission and EU Member States in preparation of the
improved National Air Pollution Control Programmes, by providing practical examples, guidance and templates as
well as hands on support via bilateral country dialogues. Furthermore, the study included the development of
country profiles for each of the EU28 Member States covering air quality and emissions legislation including
governance, monitoring, compliance etc. Specifically, Ricardo-AEA, with support from Aether and REC assisted
the Commission by:

• Identifying best practices in establishing and publishing comprehensive National Air Pollution Control
Programmes and National Air Quality Plans based on the experience in Europe and internationally
• Developing Member State country profiles
• Defining the basic data and analytical input requirements underpinning a National Air Pollution Control
Programme
• Proposing guidance for compiling and quality-checking the information
• Developing a template for a National Air Pollution Control Programme which could be used as starting point
by competent authorities in Member States when preparing a national programme
• Developing guidance for the conduct of bilateral country dialogues between the Commission and Member
States focussed on air quality assessment and management.
• Developing a sample analysis for at least four (and up to six) Member States for use in the Commission's test
phase of bilateral country dialogues
• Acting as secretariat for the bilateral country dialogues.
European Commission, DG Environment

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Services to technically assess compliance and monitor implementation of EU air quality policy

The overall objective of this service contract is to provide services to the European Commission to technically
assess compliance and monitor the implementation of EU air quality policy. Ricardo-AEA in collaboration with REC
is assisting the Commission in the evaluations required under the Air Quality Directive, specifically:

• Assessing compliance with the air quality limit and target values for PM2.5 as laid down in the Directive
• Monitoring the arrangements for sampling air quality throughout the European Union, and to evaluate data
quality produced from the air monitoring programmes carried out by Member States
• Providing technical support to investigate non-compliance with the requirements of the Air Quality Directive.
European Commission, DG Environment

Continued improvements of inventory methodologies

Ricardo-AEA was lead contractor to the European Commission for this significant project targeted at upgrading
and improving key aspects of the EMEP/EEA Guidebook on Emission Inventory Compilation. The Guidebook is
the principal reference point for inventory compilation in Europe and elsewhere, and is used for assessment of
compliance with legislation such as the National Emissions Ceiling Directive as well as the CLRTAP Gothenburg
Protocol.

Ricardo-AEA managed a diverse team addressing issues including non-road mobile machinery, small and medium
combustion plant, agricultural emissions, different metrics for emissions of particulate matter, and definitions of
oxidised and reduced sulphur.

The project involved extensive stakeholder consultation working closely with the European Commission, European
Environment Agency, and the Task Force on Emissions Inventories and Projections (TFEIP), leading to the
production, peer review and publication of updated guidebook text, emission factors and calculation
methodologies. The revised text was presented to TFEIP for final consideration and adoption in May 2016, and
following final amendments is expected to be published by the end of 2016.

European Commission, DG Environment

Analysis and development of methodologies for estimating potential industrial emissions reduction and
compliance costs of BAT conclusions adopted under the Industrial Emissions Directive

Emissions from industrial installations are subject in particular to Directive 2010/75/EU on industrial emissions
(IED). Under the IED framework, industrial installations with harmful emissions operate with environmental permits,
which specify emission limit values that should be based on emission levels associated with best available
techniques (BAT-AELs) which are specified in formal BAT conclusions.

There has previously been little quantification at EU or Member State level of the impacts of BAT conclusions. To
support further development of industrial emissions policy and for justification of the BAT Conclusions themselves
there is a need for a better understanding of the role they play in reducing emissions and at what cost. The objective
of this study was to further develop a methodology that could quantify these emissions reductions, benefits and
associated compliance costs.

In this Ricardo-AEA led study, methodologies used across Europe for the estimation of impacts of industrial policies
were identified, compared and assessed, including of their robustness and accuracy. A preferred set of
methodologies – covering baseline emissions, future emissions, emission reductions in a policy scenario, costs
and benefits – to estimate potential reductions in emissions and associated costs of techniques to meet BAT
Conclusions was suggested. The study evaluated this capability and flexibility through detailed application of the
methodology to two industrial sectors (iron and steel production and polymer production). A workshop was held
during the course of the study to present draft findings and receive stakeholder feedback.

European Commission, DG Environment

Technical support for developing the profile of certain categories of Large Combustion Plants regulated
under the Industrial Emissions Directive

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Emissions from industrial installations are subject in particular to Directive 2010/75/EU on industrial emissions
(IED). Under the IED framework, industrial installations with harmful emissions operate with environmental permits,
which specify emission limit values that should be based on emission levels associated with best available
techniques (BAT-AELs) which are specified in formal ‘BAT Conclusions’.

In relation to the implementation of the IED and the revised BAT Conclusions for the Large Combustion Plant (LCP)
sector, this study provided the European Commission with enhanced knowledge and understanding of one of the
key sources of air pollution emissions in Europe: large solid fuel (coal, lignite, biomass) fired large combustion
plants, which are mostly power stations. With this enhanced knowledge and understanding the Commission will be
able to respond to issues raised by EU Member States and stakeholders in relation to the impacts of the revisions
to the LCP sector BAT Conclusions.

In this Ricardo-AEA led study, we integrated multiple datasets on LCPs across the EU, to build a detailed bottom-
up baseline dataset of LCP activity, emissions of air quality pollutants and the abatement equipment installed at
the plants. Projections were developed up to 2030 for this sector taking account of compliance with the IED and
other relevant air quality, climate and energy policies, and accounting for renewal of industrial plant. We assessed
the costs of compliance with the BAT Conclusions by estimating the choices that industrial operators will need to
make to reduce their emission levels into compliance with the BAT-AELs. To compare against compliance cost,
the emission reductions were monetised using damage cost functions from the CAFE framework.

European Commission, DG Environment

Greater Mekong Subregion – ADB RETA 6440: Facilitating Regional Power Trading and Environmentally
Sustainable Development of Electricity Infrastructure in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Ricardo-AEA staff
were responsible for the provision of advice on the Transmission Studies required to develop interconnections
between the GMS member countries. This included specifying the required transmission studies, analysing the
performance of specific interconnector configurations and developing unit costs for transmission interconnection.
In addition, policy issues associated with DC vs AC interconnection and the potential synchronous operation of the
interconnection was assessed. Ricardo-AEA staff were also responsible for the provision of regulatory advice,
particularly associated with tariffs associated with international power transfers and inputs to the development of
wheeling charge structures to enable the remuneration of transmission companies providing assets and services
to facilitate international trading. Additional inputs were provided to the overall conceptual design of the GMS
regional electricity market.

Asian Development Bank

Greater Mekong Subregion – TA 8830 REG: Harmonizing the Greater Mekong Subregion Power Systems
to Facilitate Regional Power Trade (Regional Power Regulatory/Pricing Specialist). Under the regional
technical assistance (TA) for Harmonizing the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Power Systems to Facilitate
Regional Power Trade, international and national consultants will be engaged to work toward achieving the
milestones set in the Memorandum of Understanding on the Road Map for Implementing the Greater Mekong
Subregion Cross-Border Power Trading signed in 2008 to support (i) the continued work of the Regional Power
Trade Coordination Committee (RPTCC), the Working Group on Performance Standards and Grid Codes (WGPG),
and the Working Group on Regulatory Issues (WGRI); and (ii) establishment of the Regional Power Coordination
Center (RPCC) to facilitate the GMS regional power trade.

Asian Development Bank

Greater Mekong Subregion - TA 9003: Integrated Resource Planning with Strategic Environmental
Assessment for Sustainable Power Sector Development in the Greater Mekong Subregion - 1 Sustainable
Power Sector Development. Ricardo-AEA is currently implementing this assignment. The objective is to enhance
the planning process for the power sector across all of the countries within the GMS region. This will provide greater
access to an affordable, ecologically sustainable and reliable electricity supply across the region. The approach
will involve a measure of harmonisation between the different countries and potential changes in emphasis in
processes currently adopted in some jurisdictions. The difficulties in effecting such changes at political, regulatory,
utility and social level are understood by the consultant based on our experiences of working both within the region,
but also for other regional power pools. We will therefore seek to build a consensus between the countries, and
explain the overall benefits which will flow from a more integrated and holistic approach. The TA will primarily focus
on Viet Nam’s PDP process by applying IRP with SEA and capturing the progress and lessons learned from Viet
Nam as a knowledge product (KP) for sharing with other countries to enhance their PDP process. Some GMS

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countries have good experiences in tackling technical and regulatory challenges in increasing RE and implementing
EE, which can be shared across the region. The TA activities will be closely coordinated with the GMS Environment
Operations Center’s Core Environment Program, which has provided assistance on the SEA for power
development planning in Viet Nam.

Asian Development Bank

Nepal – ADB TA 7666: Nepal Energy Efficiency Program. The assignment is project preparation and is aimed
at planning a strategy and identifying suitable projects to provide energy security and sustainability for Nepal,
including the possible use of renewable energy. Ricardo-AEA staff were responsible for providing the team leader
and overall coordination and management of the project. The project included the development and financing for
the 90 million in High Voltage cross border transmission line between Nepal and India.

Asian Development Bank

China - Development of Energy Saving Certificate Trading in China.

Ricardo-AEA was commissioned to review international experience and advise the World Bank and Government
of China on how to take forward pilot energy efficiency trading. In the first phase we led a consortium to examine
international experience with energy saving systems and develop recommendations with local relevance. The
international review looked at the UK, Italy, India and California. Of particular focus was the rationale for co-existing
targets and trading mechanisms for energy saving, carbon reduction and renewable electricity generation. We
also examined issues such as scope definition, institutional arrangements, target setting, MRV and enforcement
regimes. The work was presented to senior Chinese stakeholders through a workshop and series of meetings in
China.
World Bank

China - Trading Schemes for Energy Savings and Carbon Emission Reductions.
This is an on-going project for the World Bank to review international experience on how to design energy savings
certificates (white certificates) trading when it co-exists with other trading mechanisms: energy savings certificates,
renewable energy certificates and carbon cap-and-trade mechanisms. To achieve these objectives of the World
Bank and Government of China, Ricardo-AEA is working in partnership with local consultants and international
experts.
World Bank

China - Near Zero Emissions in China.

The near Zero Emissions Coal (NZEC) for China initiative was a three-phase programme with the ultimate aim of
building a prototype coal power plant with carbon capture and storage (CCS) in China. Ricardo-AEA managed the
first phase of this initiative, the feasibility study, and led on three of the five technical work packages. Working
closely with the UK Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC), the UK department for Business Enterprise
and Regulatory Reform (BERR), the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) and the Administrative
Centre for China’s Agenda 21 (ACCA21), Ricardo-AEA managed the consortium of 23 UK and Chinese academic
and industrial partners which included world leaders in the area of CCS. In addition to overall management,
Ricardo-AEA led on capacity building and facilitating knowledge transfer between Chinese and UK parties
(academic, industrial and other), modelling the future energy requirements of China, and developing a roadmap for
CCS in China, drawing together all the elements analysed under the project. Other elements of the project involved
producing case studies of potential carbon dioxide capture technologies (led by Imperial College, London) and
performing first stage characterisations for selection of sites suitable for CO2 storage (led by the British Geological
Survey).
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA)

China - EU China Energy and Environment Programme.

Ricardo-AEA managed the EU China Energy and Environment Programme (EEP), which assisted the Chinese
Government’s National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) with the continuing development of energy

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policy, improving energy efficiency of China’s industries and end-users, the uptake of renewable energy
technologies and the development of the market for natural gas. The overall purpose of the programme was to
promote sustainable energy use by securing supply and contributing to improved environmental quality and health
conditions in China. Ricardo-AEA worked with European partners Umwelt & Energie Integration (Germany) and
Danish Energy Management (Netherlands) to deliver the work and took the lead in overall programme
management, energy policy and energy efficiency. Through the energy policy development component, the
programme identified barriers to sustainable energy use and worked with a variety of international and Chinese
organisations to demonstrate the benefits of various policy measures. In the energy efficiency component, Ricardo-
AEA focused on mechanisms for improving the efficiency of traded goods such as domestic appliances, which not
only impact on China’s domestic energy consumption, but can also have an impact in Europe. Ricardo-AEA also
developed a benchmarking approach for key sectors of China’s industry, encouraging businesses to save energy
and consequently increase their profitability.
European Commission Delegation in China

China - Impacts of climate change on agriculture in China (Phase II).

Ricardo-AEA managed this high-profile collaborative project between the UK and Chinese Governments on behalf
of the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, and the Department for International Development
(DfID). This project was split into two phases, of which Ricardo-AEA managed both. Phase 1 of the project
investigated the impacts of climate change on Chinese agriculture and Phase 2 identified options for adaptation.
For the first time, regional climate change scenarios were developed for China based on selected Inter-
Governmental Panel on Climate Change emissions scenarios. Regional crop models were used to predict changes
in yields of four key Chinese agricultural crops: rice, maize, wheat and cotton. The project also produced national
scenarios of socio-economic development relevant to Chinese agriculture.
A key aim of the project was to build capacity for this type of research within China by conducting training courses
and facilitating academic exchanges between UK and Chinese scientists. Ricardo-AEA arranged study visits for
five Chinese scientists to each spend up to a year working with UK researchers on various models, in addition to
shorter exchanges in Phase 2. Ricardo-AEA provided climate change experts to review results and present at
several workshops in China to disseminate the results of the research. Ricardo-AEA produced a number of
technical reports with full details of methods and findings, as well as a series of non-technical leaflets explaining
the project results to government officials and policymakers.
This project also developed the first regional adaptation strategy in China – for the autonomous region of Ningxia
Hui. This was carried out in close consultation with local stakeholders, including scientists, officials from a variety
of regional governmental agencies as well as farming communities. The project proposed institutional
arrangements for climate change policy (primarily adaptation), and worked closely with local meteorological and
Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) institutions.
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA)

China - Support to feasibility study of linking Guangdong and Hubei Provincial ETS Pilots.
Ricardo-AEA managed this project. DECC committed, with the signature in January 2011 of a 5-year Memorandum
of Understanding (MoU), to further enhance policy dialogue and practical co-operation between China and the UK
on climate change and low-carbon issues. In support of this initiative we provided advice and technical support to
Chinese institutions on the development of low carbon policies in general and pilot emission trading systems in
particular.
In the first project we undertook a review of a draft influential Tsinghua University report aimed at informing Chinese
ETS policymaking and assessing the state of market readiness in the City of Chongqing and Provinces of
Guangdong and Hubei. We also provided analysis of relevant international experience with carbon market based
measures. Our assessment covered:
• Key design elements for market-based measures including scope definition, cap and target setting, banking
and borrowing, MRV frameworks, regulations, market design and relationship with CDM
• Institutional arrangements including need for capacity building and market oversight
• Key aspects for successful linking of the systems and upfront design considerations for subsequent linking.
As part of this work we examined compatibility issues for linking including:
o Scheme coverage
o Trading units

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o Absolute and relative target setting
o Stringency of targets
o Allocation mechanisms
o Compliance periods, banking and borrowing
o Monitoring, reporting and verification
o Compliance framework and penalty regime
o Use of offsets/credits
In the second element we provided advice and technical support to the Energy Research Institute of China in their
study on low carbon development in the city of Chongqing, and the regions of Hubei and Guangdong. Advice was
given to ERI on issues such as:
• The current status of low carbon development of Chongqing, Hubei and Guangdong
• Institutions or system of governance that may need to be introduced or reformed to be able to more
effectively deliver low carbon development.
In this follow-up project, we supported a Tsinghua University project assessing the feasibility of linking two Chinese
pilot ETS schemes (Guandong and Hubei). This included sharing EU lessons on linking, including the EU-Australia
carbon market linkage, lessons of UK ETS integration into ETU ETS, the distribution of allowances among Member
States and transactions between them, models used to estimate abatement potential and costs and how to address
carbon leakage and its impact on linking.
Foreign and Commonwealth Office

China, USA, Japan, South Korea - Innovation capacities in transport.

The aim of this study is to provide DG MOVE with a state-of-the art, in-depth indicator-based assessment of the
innovation performance of the transport sector across the EU. The study will be based on the analysis of existing,
comprehensive and consistent indicator frameworks and databases as well as other relevant information and
reports. The services to be provided include:
• Analysis of relevant studies and reports examining the innovation capacity of the transport sector in the EU
and identification of relevant monitoring/indicators systems
• Update of existing database covering research and innovation indicators in the transport sector in the EU
(based on Eurostat data)
• Identification and filling of gaps of existing database making use of alternative data sources
• Analysis of trends and fluctuations in the research and innovation capacity in the transport sector across the
EU
• Development of EU level aggregate R&I indicators for the transport sector and comparison of performance
with main global competitors (China, USA, Japan, South Korea)
• Development of country fiches analysing the R&I capacities in the transport sector
• Development of fiches comparing the EU performance with global competitors
• Support/advice to the Commission for improving the coverage of the transport sector in the 2016 Community
innovation survey and the development of a one-off transport-specific module
European Commission

Japan - Evaluating greenhouse gas emissions and co-benefits from transport policy scenarios for
Japanese cities.
This project constructed a tailored tool to develop long-term transport policy scenarios for Toyama City to assess
impacts on CO2 emissions and other co-benefits. The project team worked with the city using our combined
expertise to develop policies of interest and give the city authorities further ideas for tackling transport emissions
over the long term, to help them meet their 2050 target.
British Embassy Tokyo

Greater Mekong Subregion

We were appointed by as part of a consortium led by RTE International to work on this multidisciplinary project to
facilitate regional power trading in the Greater Mekong Subregion. The project included a comprehensive power

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system analysis to update the Regional Power Master Plan for generation and transmission development over the
period to 2025.
RTE International for Asian Development Bank

India: Prosperity Fund India Programme Strategy.

Ricardo-AEA staff led the project including working with key Indian stakeholders from government, think tanks and
business. We used a network of internal Ricardo-AEA and external UK policy and industry experts to develop
concrete and practical policy options and recommendations in each of the sectors. Our Indian partners EVI and
IRADE facilitated discussion with senior government officials and industry experts to ensure the policy options are
suited to the Indian context.
Department for International Development (DFID), 2011-2012

India: Scoping study on the role of private finance institutions in climate finance in India.
GIZ contracted Ricardo-AEA and IIEC to review how climate concerns affect investment decisions in India. This
study seeks to assess the investments in various sectors of mitigation-related projects and seek an understanding
of which best practices among private finance institutions could be scaled up, with a particular consideration of
project selection, disbursement, monitoring and reporting. A particular focus is on the national mitigation schemes,
such as the budget allocations for NAPCC or the SAPCCs and potentially internationally funded NAMAs and how
they can function as a vehicle to generate additional private climate finance.
GIZ

India: Enhancing India’s Preparedness for Accessing and Utilising International Climate Finance.
Ricardo-AEA were contracted by Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation (SSEF), part of the Climate Works
Foundation, to carry out a study looking at ‘Enhancing India’s Preparedness for Accessing and Utilising
International Climate Finance’. Ricardo-AEA formed a team for this proposal with sub-contractors Emergent
Ventures India (EVI), together with an expert advisor from the climate finance team at the Overseas Development
Institute. The study provided a synthesis of the past, present and emerging international climate finance landscape
and India’s experience in accessing international funds. The study also developed a practical framework for
assessing India’s preparedness for various sources and flows of climate finance, to support climate mitigation/low
carbon development actions. Finally, a set of actionable measures were recommended to facilitate access to
international climate finance and to utilise it more effectively, including identifying suitable agencies and institutions
that would be responsible for taking them and preparatory work that is likely to be required.
Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation

EXPERTISE FROM CLEAN AIR ASIA

Assessing current air quality situation and management practice Clean Air Asia assesses the air quality
situation and management practice in cities through emission inventories, air quality monitoring source
apportionment, dispersion modeling, review of AQM practices, and analysis of ambient air quality levels and
emissions from specific pollution sources. Key projects include the particulate matter (PM) dispersion modeling
study of Metro Manila, GIZ Clean Air for Smaller Cities in the ASEAN region where we conducted emission
inventory and air quality monitoring in Cagayan de Oro and Iloilo cities in the Philippines, and the Integrated Better
Air Quality (IBAQ) Program which assists cities in emission inventory development, among others. Under the IBAQ
Program, for example, Clean Air Asia assisted Mongolia Ministry of Environment and Tourism in emission inventory
development, augmenting its air quality monitoring system, developing communications strategies, and conducting
health impact assessments — all of which are key components of clean air action planning.

Clean Air Asia released in November 2018 its Air Quality in Asia Status and Trends Report 2018 with analysis of
PM ambient air quality levels in more than 880 cities in Asia and clean air policies in Asian countries. Clean Air
Asia also applies its Clean Air Scorecard Tool (CAST) to assess AQM capability of cities. In 2010, Clean Air Asia,
with support from ADB and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, developed the Clean Air
Scorecard Tool (CAST) under the Sustainable Urban Mobility in Asia (SUMA) program. The CAST tool consists of
three indices: (i) Air Pollution and Health (APHI), (ii) Clean Air Management Capacity (CAMC), and (iii) Clean Air
Policies and Actions (CAPA) that enable a comprehensive and objective assessment of Asian cities with respect
to AQM processes, actions, and policies. The CAST has been applied by Clean Air Asia in 24 cities, including
Changchun, Dalian, Foshan, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Harbin, Jiangyin, Jinan, Tongxiang, Zhaoqiang in the PRC;
Visakhapatnam, India; Jakarta, Indonesia; Kathmandu, Nepal; Quetta, Pakistan; Cagayan de Oro, Iloilo, and

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Manila in the Philippines; Colombo, Sri Lanka; Bangkok, Chiang Mai, and Korat in Thailand; and Bac Ninh, Can
Tho, and Ha Noi in Viet Nam.

In partnership with ADB and USEPA, Clean Air Asia has provided training on tools such as Environmental Benefits
Mapping and Analysis Program-Community Edition (BenMAP-CE) to stakeholders in Viet Nam. Clean Air Asia also
help cities develop communication strategies for clean air, including for the ongoing ADB Mongolia technical
assistance, where we helped the Ministry of Environment and Tourism of Mongolia prepare a communication
strategy with the inputs of a broad range of stakeholders. Under the Mainstreaming Air Quality in Urban
Development project of the ADB, Clean Air Asia assessed AQM status and provided recommendations for selected
cities and countries; we documented these in city and country profiles. In 2006, Clean Air Asia began developing
Country Profiles on Air Quality Management to provide an overview of the status of addressing air pollution at the
national level. Now called Clean Air Management Profiles (CAMPs), they provide country-level air quality
assessments and present a review of the legal frameworks for AQM. These help identify key areas of concern and
enable stakeholders to develop programs within the countries’ legal AQM frameworks.

On air quality monitoring, Clean Air Asia assessed air quality monitoring systems and jointly published with the
ADB a good practice guidance document titled “Improving Air Quality Monitoring in Asia (2014)” as an output of
RETA 6422: Mainstreaming Environment for Poverty Reduction. One of the recommendations in the study is the
need to explore the potential of micro-air sensors to fill the air quality data gap in cities. Our consultant in the
ongoing Mongolia TA proposed to test and deploy micro-air sensors as part of his assessment and
recommendations for improving air quality monitoring system in Mongolia.

Evaluation and knowledge sharing of mitigation (technology and policy) options to address air pollution
Clean Air Asia has reviewed the experience of PRC, the US and Germany in the prevention and control of air
pollution. We launched our report “Breakthroughs: China’s Path to Clean Air 2013-2017” at the Better Air Quality
2018 Conference in November 2018. This is our attempt, as an objective third-party, to summarize and analyze
major air pollution prevention and control measures and methods undertaken by PRC between 2013 and 2017.
The analysis of US and Germany AQM was conducted as part of the ADB TA on Mainstreaming Air Quality in
Urban Development; this analysis was provided to the PRC government to increase its understanding of good
international practice in AQM.

Clean Air Asia’s extensive city network in China comprises of 13 cities: Changsha, Chengdu, Chongqing,
Guangzhou, Guiyang, Hangzhou, Harbin, Jinan, Lanzhou, Luoyang, Qingdao, Tianjin and Urumqi. In addition,
Clean Air Asia has strong linkages with the PRC government agencies (environment, transport, among others) and
private sector companies through our work on green freight. Through its China Air Reports, which are
comprehensive reports analyzing air quality data and pollution control policies from cities in the PRC, Clean Air
Asia is well-placed to facilitate knowledge-sharing between PRC cities and other Asian cities.

Clean Air Asia has also provided roadmap documents which present policy and technology options to policymakers
to mitigate air pollution. An example is the Roadmap for Cleaner Fuels and Vehicles in Asia which was developed
with funding from the ADB. This roadmap presents the considerations, costs and benefits of tightening vehicle
emission and fuel standards. Clean Air Asia also developed the ASEAN Fuel Economy Roadmap showing the
GHG and air pollutant emission reduction benefits of implementing vehicle fuel economy policies for light-duty and
heavy-duty vehicles in Southeast Asia. It has provided policy and technology recommendations to address
emissions from jeepneys in the Philippines in a study titled “Alternative Technologies for the Philippine Utility
Jeepney: A Cost-Benefit Study” jointly published with the Blacksmith Institute in 2017. Fiscal instruments are
among the important policy measures that Clean Air Asia recommends to policymakers. In the Philippines, for
example, Clean Air Asia assisted the Department of Finance with an analysis of the GHG emissions reduction
benefit from a vehicle fuel economy-based excise tax on fuels and vehicles rather than on vehicle price.

Regional meetings, exposure visits and technology fairs are some of the ways that Clean Air Asia facilitates
knowledge sharing on good practices and solutions to clean the air in cities and countries. The Better Air Quality
(BAQ) conference held once every two years gathers up to a thousand participants to share and gain knowledge
on air pollution status and solutions across Asia and the world; an exhibit of air quality monitoring and control
technologies is an integral part of the BAQ. Smaller topic-specific regional meetings are held as well for the same
purpose; Clean Air Asia did this under several projects such as the Cities Clean Air Partnership, the GIZ Clean Air
for Smaller Cities Project, and the ADB Mainstreaming Air Quality in Urban Development project. We’ve also
facilitated exchange visits of Asian government officials to PRC, and between cities and countries.

Clean Air Asia was designated as the regional training hub for the Train-for-Clean-Air (T4CA) training system
developed under the “Clean Air for Smaller Cities in the ASEAN Region” project implemented by GIZ, in
coordination with the ASEAN Secretariat. T4CA is a standardized modular training system developed using the
Train-X methodology: a systematic, iterative training approach used by UN agencies. Clean Air Asia rolled out
training across the region on a range of topics, including general AQM, air quality monitoring, emissions inventories,

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air quality communication, clean air action planning, with the support of the ASEAN Working Group on
Environmentally Sustainable Cities (AWGESC).

Building on the T4CA training system, Clean Air Asia (i) developed new training courses, (ii) expanded capacity
building work beyond ASEAN, and (iii) engaged international and regional experts to develop and deliver these
trainings. Demand-driven, technical courses on specific AQM topics (e.g., co-benefits, VOC emission assessment
and control, and coal combustion pollution control) were developed and delivered through sub-regional workshops
to enhance the capacity of more than 100 stakeholders from national and local governments and civil society. Viet
Nam and Philippines were designated as national training hubs under the Train4Clean Air framework.

Development of city-level clean air action plans

Clean Air Asia trains cities in clean air action plan (CAAP) development. Part of the flagship course in our e-
Learning Portal is on CAAP. In collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme Regional Office for
Asia Pacific (UNEP ROAP), Clean Air Asia organizes the biennial Governmental Meeting on Urban Air Quality in
Asia, which aims to harmonize efforts in managing air pollution and related problems. One of the landmark
outcomes of the Governmental Meetings is the Guidance Framework for Better Air Quality in Asian Cities
(Guidance Framework). Launched in 2016, one important guidance area is on Clean Air Action Plans and this is
the basis for the course on CAAP development.

Clean Air Asia has assisted cities in participatory clean air action plan development in Iloilo and Cagayan de Oro.
This started with developing the vision of stakeholders for the city’s air quality. Assessment of the status of air
quality was determined through emissions inventory and air quality monitoring. Based on the evidence gathered,
the mitigation actions were identified by stakeholders led by the government. These became the basis for action
plan development. Implementation of low-hanging fruit actions then followed. Other cities which Clean Air Asia has
worked with in CAAP development include Lahore and Quetta, Pakistan; Can Tho, Viet Nam.

PROJECT TEAM

This will be a Ricardo-AEA led study working closely with our key partner Clean Air Asia, and supported by
organisations operating within each country. This provides a network of experts, as described below.

KEY EXPERT ROLES

Team Leader (Project Director) - Ben Grebot (Ricardo-AEA)

Deputy Team Leader (Project Manager) - Glynda Bathan-Baterina (Clean Air Asia)

Lead Air Quality Assessment Specialist (Monitoring and Modelling) – Mark Broomfield (Ricardo-AEA)

Lead Air Quality Policy Specialist - Glynda Bathan-Baterina (Clean Air Asia)

Lead Air Quality Planning Specialist- Ben Grebot (Ricardo-AEA)

Lead Sustainable Transport Specialist - Charles Melhuish (Clean Air Asia)

Lead Sustainable Energy Specialist - Nick Ash (Ricardo-AEA)

Lead Air Pollution Control Specialist (Emission Reduction) – Robert Stewart (Ricardo-AEA)

Lead Financial Specialist - Mate Antosik (Ricardo-AEA)

Non-key expert role

i) Project planner/control expert (national of lead office) - Jo Green (Ricardo-AEA) & Dang Espita (Clean Air Asia)
(ii) City level coordinators (national to DMC) – see below
(iii) Lead communications expert (international) - Robyn Garner (Clean Air Asia)
(iv) PRC liaison (national of PRC) – Fu Lu (Clean Air Asia)

(v) Lead environmental education expert (international) - Prarthana Borah (Clean Air Asia)

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(vi) Lead health impact assessment expert (international) – David Birchby (Ricardo-AEA)

(vii) Lead economist (international) - Agha Ali Akram (LEAD)

(viii) Lead investment expert (international) – Mate Antosik (Ricardo-AEA)

Other roles

Air quality monitoring expert – Steve Telling (Ricardo-AEA)

Air quality modelling specialist – Nicola Masey (Ricardo-AEA)

Air quality modelling analyst – Ancelin Coulon (Ricardo-AEA)

Sustainable Transport Expert - Dr. Saleem Janjua (LEAD)

City level co-ordination teams

Faridpur, Bangladesh Team

City Level Coordinator - Swapan Kumar Biswas (NACOM)

AQ Planning Support (EI and monitoring) - Shoukat Choudhury (NACOM)

AQ Planning Support (Health impacts) - Salamat Khandker (NACOM)

Erdenent, Mongolia Team

City Level Coordinator - Sereteer Lodoysamba (Individual)

AQ Planning Support (EI and monitoring) - Baldorj Barkhasragchaa (Individual)

AQ Planning Support (Health impacts) - Enkhjargal Altangerel (Individual)

Peshawar and Sialkot, Pakistan Team

City Level Coordinator - Muhammad Azeem (Rehman Habib)

AQ Planning Support (EI and monitoring) - Zaigham Abbas (PITCO)

AQ Planning Support (Health impacts) - Farzana Siyal (Rehman Habib)

La Trinidad, Philippines Team

City Level Coordinator - Dang Espita (Clean Air Asia)

AQ Planning Support (EI and monitoring) - Erika Macapagal (Clean Air Asia)

AQ Planning Support (Health impacts) - Ever Tamayo (Clean Air Asia)

Ho Chi Minh and Vinh Yen, Viet Nam team

City Level Coordinator - Hoang Duong Tung (Individual)

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AQ Planning Support (EI and monitoring) - Ly Bich Thuy (Clean Air Asia)

AQ Planning Support (Health impacts) - Nguyen Duy Bao (Individual)

CVs are provided for every member of the project team listed above.

B Geographical Experience
Ricardo-AEA has extensive experience in delivering of air quality, energy, climate and environment-related
consulting services. Over the last 20 years, Ricardo-AEA has worked in nearly 100 countries and over 1500
projects across Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas. Our project experience specifically in the Southeast
Asia Region and Asia in general is illustrated in the associated project profiles, and further examples given in
Section A.
Since 2001, Clean Air Asia has implemented projects in and/or included in the scope of its projects at least 14
Asian countries including Bangladesh, PRC, India, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan,
Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Viet Nam. It works closely with its Country Networks in PRC,
India, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Viet Nam and with partners forming part of the 250-
member Clean Air Asia Partnership located in 31 countries worldwide.
Clean Air Asia’s flagship conference – the Better Air Quality (BAQ) conference – has been organized by Clean Air
Asia ten times since 2002 in PRC (2002 & 2012), India, Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Sri Lanka,
South Korea and Malaysia; the BAQ brings up to a thousand participants from more than 30 countries in Asia and
other regions. Clean Air Asia has a cooperation agreement with the International Center for Integrated Mountain
Development (ICIMOD) to collaborate in the region on air quality management and air pollution reduction.
The geographical spread of experience of the project team is demonstrated in the project profiles associated with
this EOI, together with the further project profiles listed in Section A.

C Management Competence

Ricardo-AEA operates Quality and Environmental Management Systems that are defined in the company policies and supporting
procedures. These arrangements fully satisfy all aspects of BS EN ISO 9001:2008 and 14001:2004 as confirmed by our external
assessors Lloyds Register Quality Assurance. The LRQA-issued certificate number LRQ 0944198 confirms that Ricardo-AEA’s
Quality Assurance (QA) system includes procedures for preventative actions, the control of non-conforming products and
services, corrective actions, and continuous improvement. Ricardo-AEA’s project management processes for risk management,
and quality control adhere to many of the principles of PRINCE2 and meet the requirements of ISO 9001:2015 and ISO
14001:2015. Ricardo-AEA’s provides all necessary training for its Project Managers and, as appropriate, its project team
members to ensure the continued high quality and consistency of its project management activities and deliverables.
Our principal project partner Clean Air Asia has an Operations Manual (OM) to guide the coordination and control mechanisms
to ensure the efficient operations of the organization. The OM details the guiding principles, operating policies and procedures
that govern the general management, administration and financial management of the organization, including its working
relationships and arrangements with external experts and Partners.

Our contract management process is designed to identify possible shortfalls and implement corrective measures, reinforce
potential performance and address any quality issues in order to minimise the risk of complaints or dissatisfaction with the project
performance and deliverables.
Our project management system sets out the need for regular project monitoring and the actions necessary in the event of any
client dissatisfaction. Complaints are acknowledged and logged by the Project Manager, issues are reviewed with the project

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team, and a remedial action plan agreed with the Project Director overseeing the project. . Our aim is to resolve any complaints
though participative and open discussion. Should the client remain dissatisfied, the matter is escalated to a senior Ricardo-AEA
Delivery Manager or Director who will take control of mitigation actions that have been discussed and agreed with the client.
Successful resolution is confirmed to client and internal senior management and lessons to be taken from the event are recorded
for the purpose of continuous improvement.

The quality of specific projects and their deliverables is the overall responsibility of the Project Manager. The Project Manager
may delegate in writing aspects of quality control but remains responsible for customer satisfaction. Quality assurance objectives
and responsibilities will be defined in a Quality Plan specifically developed for each project. We will communicate all risks and
issues to the ADB, the project team and relevant stakeholders. Progress of the work, including that of Ricardo-AEA’s expert
associates, will be monitored and controlled by means of formal written communications, meetings, reviews and informal
discussion, as appropriate.
Our partner organisations will be introduced to the key relevant components of the Ricardo-AEA quality management system at
the outset of the project. We will discuss and agree quality control measures to secure understanding, buy-in and commitment
to quality management from all members of the project team.

Ricardo-AEA has employment contracts in place with all its consultants which contain notice periods with which employees are
required to comply in the event that they wish to leave the service of the company; these are used to transfer his/her duties to
other staff and to seek the approval of the client and lending agency to any substitutions that may be required (staff of equivalent
or higher levels of qualifications and experience are always proposed as replacements). Ricardo-AEA enjoys a low rate of staff
turnover, reflecting a stimulating and well managed working environment. As one of the world’s largest specialist air quality
consultancy business, we are able to call upon a large pool of consultancy expertise to ensure that this contract can continue to
be resourced in the event of a member of staff leaving the company.
For its own employees Ricardo-AEA requires staff to forecast each month their deployment to projects and their availability for
new work and project team members are nominated for projects on the basis of their skills and availability to undertake the work
within the require timescale. Following signature of the contract, the project Manager appoints staff to the project in writing, clearly
setting out their role and the key project delivery parameters and obligations. If due to unforeseen circumstances a substitution
is required for a key position in the project, the Project manager will identify and nominate a suitably skilled expert seeking
agreement from the client if required.
We will extend these monthly monitoring processes to our partner organisations to ensure availability of staff at the relevant
times. Contracts will be provided with clear TOR and contracts with contract provisions similar to those required in ADB contracts
with experts.

Ricardo-AEA will ensure that the staff members enjoy a work environment free from all forms of harassment, whether on the
basis of race, religion, national origin, gender or any other form of personal identity.
Ricardo-AEA has in place insurance contracts covering medical care and accidents occurring to any members of its professional
staff who are engaged on projects overseas (maintained for the duration of the project), professional staff are also covered by
insurance against death in service. International travellers are required to lodge a travel plan for each trip with details of their
itinerary and the name of a ‘buddy’ who will act as the local contact in the event of emergency. The ‘buddy’ will notify the Project
Manager or duty Senior Manager in the event of an incident, and will help with initial communications whilst the emergency
response is mobilised.
We propose that medical and travel insurance of experts from partner organisations will be purchased and covered by the external
companies and individual consultants. As part of our quality management processes, we will check this at the outset of the
project.
Ricardo-AEA has a Health and Safety Policy that is compliant with the 1974 Health and Safety at Work Act in the UK; our
Statement of General Policy is:
- to provide adequate control of the health and safety risks arising from our work activities;
- to consult with our employees on matters affecting their health and safety;
- to provide and maintain safe plant and equipment;
- to ensure safe handling and use of substances;
- to provide information, instruction and supervision for employees;
- to ensure all employees are competent to do their tasks, and to give them adequate training;

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- to prevent accidents and cases of work-related ill health;
- to maintain safe and healthy working conditions.

These principles and procedures, where appropriate, will be extended to project partners. This will be part of the team meetings
during the project inception phase.

D Other Information

PROJECT REFERENCES (select from separate list)

COMMENTS ON TERMS OF REFERENCE

The objective of the TA is clearly stated – to enhance the knowledge and capacity of participating DMCs to develop policy actions
and technological solutions for air quality management; the TA will also build the business case through the preparation of City
Level Clean Air Action Plans (CAAPs) along with investment plans to implement CAAPs. As a result of these clear objectives,
the outputs and deliverables are also clearly stated.
The updated TOR represents a worthwhile development from the previously issued TOR, by placing more emphasis on the
requirement for input from international experts, to develop and apply the tools required to support air quality management. We
consider that this approach will be effective in delivering technically robust CAAPs which are financially and practically deliverable
and have the support of local partners for implementation.
The TOR mentions ozone, but does not place great emphasis on this substance, in view of the greater importance of particulate
matter for health impacts (Footnote 9). In some of the target cities, ozone and photochemical smog are significant air pollution
issues, and ADB may wish to consider extending the scope of the project to include specific VOCs in addition to the criteria
pollutants. With additional investment in modelling analysis, this could enable assessment of the key sources of ozone, and
development of appropriate mitigation measures as part of the City CAAPs. This would require an extension to the project
resources, and may be better considered as a potential extension or development of this project in relevant cities.
The project envisages a maximum budget of $60,000 to cover the provision of two “professional” air quality monitoring instruments
for each secondary city. Greater clarity on the term “professional” instruments should be provided in the detailed specification.
It would also be valuable for tendering organisations to have flexibility to propose a different budget and spend profile, if (for
example) it is considered that a larger number of instruments could be purchased within this budget (e.g. as a result of
technological and market developments), or if it is considered that a greater investment in monitoring instrumentation would be
valuable within the overall contract price. Two instruments would provide useful information in a city without any previous air
quality monitoring records, but represents a small number of units to support an investment in the development of a CAAP.
Under Output 1, the air quality tools to be applied would need to consider the data available in the cities. A decision would also
need to be taken on whether similar tools would be used across all the cities for comparability of results. It is also important to
consider legacy issues, to ensure that tools and analyses developed under this project can continue to be developed and applied
by stakeholders in the cities to support ongoing and sustained improvements in air quality, with all the health and environmental
benefits that such improvements will bring.

COMMENTS ON BUDGET ADEQUACY

Ricardo-AEA estimates that the total budget provided will be sufficient to carry out all the planned activities, provided the budget
of $487,450 listed under “Provisional sums” can be made available for delivery of the contract.

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KEY CONSIDERATIONS IN APPROACHING THIS ASSIGNMENT

This TA is complex involving three key components, over 30 consultant experts, and 7
identified cities: first output is a baseline assessment using existing technical studies with
some additional analysis. Second output is a set of cost-effective policy and technology
interventions on air pollution reduction for the city. Final output brings together all data into a
clean air action plan backed by an investment plan.
Coordination among the international and national consultants is key. City coordinators will
manage the AQ Planning Support (EI and monitoring) and AQ Planning Support (Health
impacts) experts, and coordinating with city and national focal points and ADB Resident
Missions.
Output 1: Current air quality situation and management practice assessed
A. Project inception and team mobilization
● Two-day regional inception meeting. One day meetings for each city to present the overall
approach and methodology; milestones and schedules of deliverables; overall TA
coordination mechanism, etc.
B. Stakeholder mapping and engagement
● Stakeholder mapping per city to identify national and local actors to be consulted and
engaged in the project.
C. Air quality management assessment
● Assess the air quality situation in each city. Desktop research and consultations will
consolidate existing data and information on air pollution in the cities. Where feasible
independent studies will determine the ambient concentration of air pollutants and identify
the sources of pollution. This can include a modelling analysis of local sources of pollution
to inform understanding and development of targeted CAAPs.

● Assess the air quality management (AQM) practices in each city through desktop research
and consultation, to include legal and institutional frameworks, local measures and sector-
specific policies, status of implementation and enforcement.
D. Capacity building for air quality monitoring
● Conduct a review of the air quality monitoring capacity of the secondary cities for information
for the procurement of appropriate monitors.
● Develop specifications for appropriate air quality monitors based on initial assessments. TA
team will then procure and import the monitors.
● TA team will coordinate with the secondary city focal points during the air quality monitoring
exercise. Expert guidance and training will be provided for siting, operation and maintenance
of monitoring equipment, data management, and information disclosure.
● City-level training on the use and operation of the air quality monitoring equipment.
E. Impact and vulnerability assessment
● Information from the EI and dispersion modeling components of the TA will i n f o r m t h e
assessment of health impacts of air pollution. Information on population density, baseline

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health information, health outcomes attributed to air pollution, and avoided deaths and
hospital cases will be used.
● TA team will design an appropriate calculation basis to enable evaluation of the health
benefits of implementing AQM measures.
● Draft Impact Assessment and Vulnerability reports will be submitted to ADB for review.
F. Awareness raising
● In line with the city assessments, TA team will collect data relevant to the development
of communications strategies: identifying individual communication goals, assessment of
past/current communications strategies, focus group discussions, surveys, and interviews.
● TA team will develop communication strategies and corresponding budgets.
● Communication strategies will be piloted and aligned with key events for optimum
outreach.
● Follow-up surveys after campaign pilots will be conducted as part of monitoring and
evaluation.
G. Report development and dissemination of results
● Outcomes of the above assessments and activities will be consolidated into seven (7) city-
level air quality assessment reports and (7) pollution impact and vulnerability assessments
for Output 2 and Output 3 development.

Output 2: Current air quality situation and management practice assessed

A. Technology assessment
● TA team will conduct a technology baseline assessment using desktop research,
consultations, surveys, and interviews.
● Building on Output 1, TA team will conduct consultations with city focal points for prioritization
of major emission sources.
● TA team will stock take appropriate technologies in PRC and two other countries based on
available secondary information. TA team will seek partnerships with subject matter experts
and sector research institutes in PRC to expand resources for data acquisition.
● TA team will develop a Technology Options Assessment Report to summarize findings. City level
technology consultation meetings will validate the findings, identify capacity building needs,
needs for policy reform, and other issues to facilitate technology adoption in the cities.
B. Technology transfer
● 4-5 day exposure visit will be organized in PRC to relevant projects and programs on energy
efficiency improvement and emission reduction. About 40 key city and national government
officials from the participating cities and countries will be convened prior to or after the Better
Air Quality Conference 2020 in PRC.
● Two-day technology fair will be organized in PRC in conjunction with the BAQ Conference
2020 to maximize learning and experience sharing of the participating cities with policy- and
decision makers and AQM practitioners from the region.
● Regional progress meeting of air quality practitioners will be organized also at the BAQ 2020
Conference.
C. Policy recommendations
● An outline and scope for the policy review will be developed by the TA team. TA team will
refer to the outcomes of the city assessments in Output 1 to develop policy recommendations
to facilitate technology uptake.
● Policy consultation meetings at the city and provincial/national levels to validate the
appropriateness of the policy recommendations to the local context.
● TA team will also review significant ADB projects in PRC on air pollution, specifically those
for air quality improvement.

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● TA team will prepare the Policy Options Assessment Report.

Output 3: City Level Clean Air Action Plans (CAAPs) developed along with
investment estimates for air pollution control from key sources.
A. Mainstreaming air quality management in city development through clean air action plan
development
● TA team will identify a city focal point (e.g., environment management office) and develop a
workplan and coordination mechanism for continuous cooperation during the TA.
● Working Group comprised of representatives from government and nongovernment
stakeholder groups will be formed. We will introduce the clean air action planning process,
take stock of existing sectoral plans, strategies and programs related to improving AQM and
reducing city emissions.
● TA team will continuously work with the Working Group on the city assessment activities,
particularly the EI, modeling, impacts assessment, air quality monitoring, and awareness
raising. Air quality models for the existing situation will be developed to provide an
assessment of the benefit of candidate improvement measures
● In parallel with EI development and modeling, transport and energy sectors of the cities
will be reviewed. Outcomes of the review will be correlated with EI and modeling results from
Output 1 to inform prioritization of measures for CAAP.
● TA team will organize stakeholder consultations through FGDs and workshops to prioritize
emission sources and assess control measures based on impacts and operational feasibility,
as well as setting emission targets and indicators for the city which are aligned with the AQM
roadmap (Output 1C).
● Upon prioritization of emission sources and interventions, TA team will conduct an
economic and financial analysis of the CAAP.
● TA team will develop workplan for CAAP implementation through FGDs with the Working
Group using the results of the technology evaluation and policy recommendations in Output
2 and will identify technology and the supporting instrument or policy needed for technology
development and adoption to support the implementation the prioritized control measures.
B. Operationalizing and disseminating the clean air action plan
● TA team will identify funding/investment mechanisms to operationalize CAAPs and realize
the city’s roadmap for clean air. TA team will consider own-resource revenues, innovative
finance instruments, and develop a framework to map institutional arrangements impacting
potential financing and funding of measures.
● TA team will develop a report on economic and financial analysis and incentive and
financing mechanisms for the CAAPs.
● TA team will submit finalized CAAPs addressing ADB’s comments
● A regional event w i l l to share city CAAPs and disseminate investment plans for
continued implementation and scaled-up activities.
● Draft and final regional meeting reports will be submitted to ADB.

KEY EXPERTS

Our proposed key experts are as follows:

Team Leader (Project Director) - Ben Grebot (Ricardo-AEA)

Deputy Team Leader (Project Manager) - Glynda Bathan-Baterina (Clean Air Asia)

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Lead Air Quality Assessment Specialist (Monitoring and Modelling) – Mark Broomfield (Ricardo-AEA)

Lead Air Quality Policy Specialist - Glynda Bathan-Baterina (Clean Air Asia)

Lead Air Quality Planning Specialist- Ben Grebot (Ricardo-AEA)

Lead Sustainable Transport Specialist - Charles Melhuish (Clean Air Asia)

Lead Sustainable Energy Specialist - Nick Ash (Ricardo-AEA)

Lead Air Pollution Control Specialist (Emission Reduction) – Robert Stewart (Ricardo-AEA)

Lead Financial Specialist - Mate Antosik (Ricardo-AEA)

CVs for the key experts to demonstrate their expertise and compliance with the specifications given
in the Terms of Reference are attached.

EoI ATTACHMENTS

ELIGIBILTY DECLARATION

<ENDS>

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