ROBERT

THERRIEN
RESOURCE PACK
ABOUT THIS RESOURCE

Robert Therrien is widely regarded as one of the

world’s most outstanding artists. The ARTIST ROOMS
collection holds several works by Therrien in a range
of media including drawing, photography and
sculpture made between 1997 and 2010. His work
combines a deceptively childish charm and logic that
suggests the realm of fairytales where ideas can be
translated into reality.

Therrien’s work appears in numerous public collections,

including The Broad Art Foundation, Santa Monica,
California; the Getty Centre, Los Angeles; the Los
Angeles County Museum of Art; Musée National d’Art
Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris; Museum of
Contemporary Art, Los Angeles; The Museum of Modern
Art, New York and Whitney Museum of American Art,
New York.

This resource is designed to aid teachers and educators

in the engagement of groups of young people in
learning activities and projects using the ARTIST
ROOMS Robert Therrien collection and in particular
works on paper from RED ROOM 2000-7. The resource
focuses on specific works and themes and suggests
areas of discussion, activities and links to other works
on the online ARTIST ROOMS collection pages.

For schools, the work of Robert Therrien presents a

good opportunity to explore cross-curricula learning.
The themes in Therrien’s work can be linked to curricula
areas such as English, Expressive Arts, Health and
Wellbeing, Social Studies, Citizenship and Science.

A glossary at the back of the resource

provides further information on key words,
terms and people associated with Therrien
and related themes.

Cover image: Robert Therrien RED ROOM 2000-2007.

CONTENTS

What is ARTIST ROOMS? 03

Robert Therrien 04

1. RED ROOM 06

2. SCRUBBRUSH BIRD BOOK 08

3. DANCING COUPLE 10

4. AN EYE FOR REAL ESTATE 13

5. RED SHOES 16

6. CHAPEL 18

Activities and Discussion 20

Summary 22

Find Out More 23

Glossary 24
WHAT IS ARTIST ROOMS?

ARTIST ROOMS is a collection of international

contemporary art, which has been created through
one of the largest and most imaginative gifts of art ever
made to museums in Britain. The gift was made by
Anthony d’Offay, with the assistance of the National
Heritage Memorial Fund, the Art Fund and the Scottish
and British Governments in 2008.

ARTIST ROOMS is jointly owned and managed by

Tate and National Galleries of Scotland on behalf of
the nation and comprises over 1100 artworks. The
collection takes the form of major bodies of work
by artists including Diane Arbus, Joseph Beuys, Vija
Celmins, and Damien Hirst. The guiding concept of
ARTIST ROOMS is to show the work of individual
artists in dedicated, monographic displays.

Anthony d’Offay’s vision for ARTIST ROOMS is that great

works of art should be available to audiences anywhere
in the country, and especially for young people. This
idea developed from Anthony’s own discovery of art
as a child in Leicester and as a student at Edinburgh
University, experiences which shaped his life.

The collection is available to regional galleries and

museums (“Associates”) throughout the UK, providing
an unprecedented resource with a particular focus on
inspiring young audiences.

This is the first time a national collection has been

shared and shown simultaneously across the UK and it
has only been made possible through the exceptional
generosity of the Art Fund – the fundraising charity for
works of art.

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ROBERT THERRIEN in his brick paper drawings, a version
of which, dating from 2003, is included
Robert Therrien was born in 1947 in ARTIST ROOMS. Such works express
in Chicago and has been living and Therrien’s use of a wide range of media.
working in Los Angeles since 1971. He
completed an MFA at the University The photograph No Title (Scrubbrush
of Southern California in 1974 and panel) 1997, held in ARTIST ROOMS,
began making reliefs that operated is typical of works in which Therrien
between painting and sculpture, using represents practical implements, but
simplified forms that were generic and imbues them with a magical aura that
instantly recognisable. These works transcends their utilitarian function.
were placed on the wall and painted While some of the objects Therrien uses
monochromatically, yet had enough are found, many are made by and for
structure to give them the feeling of an the artist.
object. He also created freestanding
During the 1990s, he began exploring
works with the same simple, almost
scale, creating oversized objects
abstracted forms. In this early period,
that draw attention to details usually
Therrien used a limited vocabulary, often
overlooked in the everyday world.
working with the same shape in many
His use of domestic images suggests
different sizes and mediums. The motifs he
an interest in the spatial world of the
used were linked by their simplicity and
still-life. However, his concern with the
ability to evoke personal associations,
interaction between the viewer and their
marrying together a representational
environment has a firm connection to
function and abstract form.
architecture. This is particularly at play in
Therrien became known during the his room-sized table and chair pieces, a
1980s when he began to make works major example of which is held in ARTIST
with simple, recognisable shapes such ROOMS, and in the single, over-sized
as jugs, coffins and doors, transformed objects such as No Title (Oil Can) 2004.
through a variety of media including
copper, wood and bronze. These works
engaged the artist with the notion of the
found object, addressed most explicitly

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The ambition and surrealism of explores the connection between human
Therrien’s practice is expressed in the beings and the objects that help them to
major installation RED ROOM which live their lives.
comprises a closet filled with a vast
array of collected objects, all painted His work has been the subject of solo
red. Each item holds a significant, exhibitions at Gagosian Gallery, Los
personal memory for the artist, revealing Angeles County Museum of Art, Museo
the hidden narratives and drama of both National Centro de Arte Reina Sofia,
the ordinary and unnoticed, and the Madrid, Museum of Contemporary Art,
physical and mental relationships which Los Angeles, Museum of Contemporary
exist in the world. In this way, Therrien Art San Diego, the Kunstmuseum, Basel
and Albright–Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo.

Robert Therrien No Title (Scrubbrush panel) 1997

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RED ROOM

Robert Therrien’s RED ROOM houses written inventory inside the room records
a collection of found items, united by each item and the custom-made closet in
the colour red and their relationship to which they are displayed has the same
everyday life. The objects contained in dimensions as the original storage space
the installation, many of which have been in the artist’s studio. Many of the objects
painted red, range from kitchen utensils hold a particular significance to Therrien,
and building materials to clothing and either in relation to his own past, to his
electrical appliances. The customisation friends and relations, or to his art practice.
of these mass-produced objects makes Therrien often uses the word narrative in
them seem unfamiliar or unreal, alluding relation to his work, perhaps because
to the magical or fantastical – a trait he blends the personnel with the magical
found throughout Therrien’s oeuvre. and the everyday with the unreal.

The room contains 888 objects, which Throughout the twentieth century artists
are so tightly packed that upon first as diverse as Marcel Duchamp, Joseph
site they seem to merge together, like Beuys and Jeff Koons have integrated
a large, monochrome painting. On found objects into their work. RED ROOM
close inspection it becomes apparent derives from this tradition, in which
that a practical logic may be at work hundreds of different kitchen utensils,
in the choice and position of each item. building materials, clothing and fabrics
Therrien has stated that while creating are tightly organised into a small closet.
the room he ‘began to imagine that Items that hold private significance to the
a family might live here: a father, a artist, such as his brother’s summer-camp
mother, and two children, all with red sweatshirt, are placed alongside more
hair, of course’. The electrical appliances generic pieces, but all are ultimately
– which include an organ, a radio, a linked by the same monochromatic red.
telephone, a wall clock and a quesadilla Saturating the space with intense colour,
grill – are all in working order, perhaps Therrien provokes an uncanny experience
for the convenience of these imagined reminiscent of the encounters with his
inhabitants. earlier large-scale sculptures.

The collection, which was developed in

the artist’s home and studio over a period
of seven years, began when Therrien was
sent samples of red plastics. A hand-

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Robert Therrien RED ROOM 2000-2007

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SCRUBBRUSH BIRD BOOK

Scrubbrush Bird Book is one of the 888 Therrien’s sculptures often evolve from
items contained within RED ROOM and drawings, are inspired by everyday
features a series of thirty drawings, life include motifs of utilitarian objects
photographs and prints, many of which such as chairs, tables, saucepans and
reference motifs that reoccur throughout other kitchenware. Like many of the
the artist’s sculptures and works on reoccurring motifs throughout Therrien’s
paper. The book’s cover is red with work the stacked plates, are based
the outline of a black frame containing on a mass produced item. Such items
five panels, reminiscent of the fittings recall an era, particularly in the USA,
of a door or a window. The top and following the Second World War when
bottom panels contain words such as there was significant economic growth.
‘SORE-NOSE’ and ‘ODDFELLOWS’. During the 1950s, the USA became
These words reference some of the associated with conformity and home
works inside the book and Therrien’s comfort, and the motifs employed
reoccurring motifs. The image in the by Therrien have the ability to evoke
central panel is a black outline of collective memory and personal
a stack of plates, a motif which also childhood experiences.
occurs in his sculptures such as No Title
(Stacked Plates) 2010. Like many of his sculptures the stacked
plates are identical to the original
model yet gigantic in size. The spectator
is invited to walk around the sculpture,
which has a disorientating effect, as a
result of its enlarged scale and there
precarious stacking. The experience of
walking around his enlarged sculptures
prompts a childlike nostalgia; one which
perhaps recalls Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s
Travels 1726 or Lewis Carroll’s Alice in
Wonderland 1865.

As Scrubbrush Bird Book is normally

contained on a shelf within the installation
RED ROOM, it is not normally seen.
The drawings, prints and photographs
in the book include the figurative,
architectural and still life.

Robert Therrien No Title (Stacked Plates) 2010

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Robert Therrien Cover of Scrubbrush Bird Book, RED ROOM 2000-7

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DANCING COUPLE

Dancing Couple is one of the pages Like much of Therrien’s work this image
from Scrubbrush Bird Book, which appears to reference a particular time
references celebration through dance or era. Here the image alludes to the
and music. This page of the book 1950s through the couples clothing and
illustrates a partial hand drawing of a style of their dance, which is reminiscent
dancing couple in profile. The couple of a jive or jitterbug. The couple are
could be on a first date, perhaps predominantly dressed in red; a colour
attending a high school prom but the which associated with danger, passion
emotions and context of the couple are and sacrifice. In Red Hot (Shirt) Couple
removed through their isolation and their – another page from Scrubbrush Bird
headless bodies. The awkward nature Book – a second dancing couple is
of their dance is highlighted though the depicted, but here we can see the
couple’s feet, where the male dancer couples faces, other dancers and the
appears to be standing on the foot of venue space itself. The venue appears to
his female partner. be a multi-purpose function space rather
than a night club alluding to a family or
social function. Both Dancing Couple
and Red Hot (Shirt) Couple have a sense
of play. Humour is expressed through
the awkward dance, prompting the
viewer to reflect on their own personal
memories while interpreting the pages
from Scrubbrush Bird Book.

Red Records (RED ROOM item) is a

photographic image of several vinyl
records arranged against a white
background. Records were the primary
storage device for sound until the late
twentieth century but retain something
of a niche market. Here again, Therrien
references an earlier era, particularly
the mid-twentieth century with the
advent of youth culture and explosion of
Robert Therrien Red Records (RED ROOM item),
RED ROOM 2000-7 rock and roll music.

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Robert Therrien Dancing Couple, RED ROOM 2000-7

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Robert Therrien Red Hot (Shirt) Couple, RED ROOM 2000-7

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AN EYE FOR REAL ESTATE

Robert Therrien often uses stencils to a cartoon-like head in profile is set

create his works on paper; a method, against a dense plane of red. A hand
which allows for reproduction and with a finger pointing towards the face
creating editions. Therrien, however, and mouth of the cartoon figure adds a
doesn’t do this to create editions, sense of surreal humour to the work. The
but to reinforce his visual language same cartoon-like head motif reoccurs
through repetition. Each motif has slight throughout Therrien’s works on paper. In
alterations and a fixed meaning is Sore Nose the same motif occurs as an
rendered elusive. The artist once said, outline, appearing almost as if it was an
‘As a child I had a stencil kit which might etching. There are slight alterations in the
explain my attraction to linear edge and motif here: the mouth of the head is open
flat silhouettes. I still have it, as well as and the nose is red, which along with
a collection of architectural templates; the lines emanating, emphasise the sore
and I still use it as well as a collection of nose. A second, more detailed, cartoon-
various other templates.’ like portrait in the centre of the work
recalls Velma Dinkley from Scooby-Doo.
In Eye for Real Estate the solid black
image recalls the profile silhouettes, that
became popular in the eighteenth century
prior to the advent of photography.
Therrien has also included one of his
signature red, architectural graphic motifs
in this work, where a dotted line projects
from the female figure’s eyes towards the
architectural form. This visual device is
often employed in cartoons and comic
strips to emphasise and illustrate what a
character might be thinking about outwith
the screen and picture plane.

The female figure in silhouette is isolated

in the centre of the page, the sepia-
like colour of which gives the work a
vintage quality recalling an earlier time.
Therrien uses silhouette in the page
An Image of Scolding Hand, where Robert Therrien An Eye for Real Estate, RED ROOM 2000-7

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Robert Therrien Sore Nose, RED ROOM 2000-7

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Robert Therrien An Image of Scolding Hand, RED ROOM 2000-7

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RED SHOES

In Photographs of Red Shoes (some of in the modest subject matter of normal,

them RED items), from Scrubbrush Bird American, homespun life.
Book, three different images of red shoes
appear on the page, each photographic Other still life photographs in Scrubbrush
image increasing in size as they cascade Bird Book include domestic items
down from top to bottom. Some of the such as a coffee pot and a scrubbing
shoes photographed here are included brush. His interest in such items is in
in the installation RED ROOM which contrast to the overtly masculine work
combines a wide range of objects selected of a previous generation of minimalist
for their shape, fabrication, era, function artists including Dan Flavin and Donald
and associations. Red shoes sometimes Judd. Minimalism, like pop art, is a
have associations with the magical in movement with which Therrien’s work
popular culture because of the famous is associated. The book also includes
Hans Christian Anderson fairy tale The Red a the page Photograph of Red Bench
Shoe 1845 and the children’s novel The Room, Sculpture 1991, which like RED
Wonderful Wizard of Oz 1902. In Hans ROOM is an installation work recalling
Christian Anderson’s fairytale, the ballerina a domestic or social setting.
Karen can’t stop dancing when she wears
the red shoes and in the Wizard of Oz,
Dorothy needs to retrieve her ruby slippers
before she can return home.

Here the shoes are photographed as still

lifes, a long established artistic subject
involving the arrangement of everyday
objects. Early still lifes were often
arrangements of food, flowers, dishes and
vases, reflecting wealth and pleasure. In
the 1960s still life became an important
vehicle of expression in capturing themes
of contemporary life reflective of a
post-war consumerist society. The use of
everyday objects and appropriation of
imagery relates back to Marcel Duchamp’s
notion of the ready-made. Robert Therrien’s
work has a correlation to both pop art
Photograph of Red Bench Room, Sculpture 1991,
and Duchamp, while revealing an interest RED ROOM 2000-07

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Photograph of Red Bench Room, Sculpture 1991, RED ROOM 2000-7

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CHAPEL

It could be said that Robert

Therrien’s work is difficult to pin-
point chronologically because he
continuously builds upon ideas and
motifs. Many of the shapes that
reoccur in his work are not confined
by their reference to a single item and
potentially relate to multiple objects.
This creates an interaction between
his sculptures, shapes and the objects
they relate to. In works such as Chapel
he references architectural motifs.
While the title explicitly references a
religious building the shape references
sculptures by Therrien such as his oil
cans and bent cones. Other works
reference doors, windows, keystones
or beam-like structures. Chapel recalls
Robert Therrien Red Hang Man, RED ROOM 2000-7
a typical American West church like
those depicted in Dorothy Lange’s
photographs during the second third In Red Hang Man a beam-like
of the twentieth century. construction resembles a wooden frame,
known as gallows, used for execution
In the sculpture Untitled (Oil Can) by hanging, or as a means of torture
2004 Therrien employs the device of before execution, as was used when
monumental scale for a mass-produced being hanged, drawn and quartered.
oil can. The highly polished surface The motif is also used for the paper and
captures the viewer’s own reflection in pencil guessing game Hangman where
front of the sculpture. Dwarfed by the one player thinks of a word, phrase or
oversized structure, the artist seems sentence and the other tries to guess
to question the function of such a it by suggesting letters or numbers.
simple utilitarian object and how we Hangman originated in the Victorian
perceive ourselves in relation to it. The times. Traditionally the completed
oil can is an object which references word would always be the name of an
the American automobile industry and animal. The association of a guessing
perhaps an earlier time when American game seems apt because of the playful
production of automobiles was the and elusive nature of Therrien’s work.
largest in the world.

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Robert Therrien Chapel, RED ROOM 2000-7

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ACTIVITIES, DISCUSSION AND ARTIST LINKS

Discussion
• The colour red has many different create a RED ROOM, what items
meanings and associations. In some would you collect for it?
cultures it represents happiness while • Using the background information
others associate it with aggression about the artist, Robert Therrien,
because it is also the colour of explain why you think he changes
blood. Discuss all the different ordinary objects into new and
associations the colour has for you unexpected sculptures by altering
and why you think Therrien has their size, colour, etc.
employed the colour for RED ROOM. • What object or image could be used
• One of the characteristics of to represent a story or memory from
readymade art is that by cancelling your childhood? Would you use the
its function it becomes art. A object or image as it is to represent
number of the electrical devices the memory or would you alter it
contained within RED ROOM are in some way? Would you change
fully functional. Why do think it is the scale of the object and what
important for the artist to use fully implications would this have for its
functional objects? meaning?
• The installation RED ROOM has 888 • Do Robert Therrien’s drawings make
items within it. Many of them have you think of your own childhood?
personal memories and associations What kind of memories and ideas
for the artist. If you were going to do the drawings generate?

Activity
• Scrubbrush Bird Book is one of the Think about whether the object has
items contained within RED ROOM. any significance for you and if that
The book has thirty pages and matters. Think about ways you could
includes drawings and photographs. present the object to elevate its status.
Many of the drawings and • Choose an image of yourself or
photographs inspired his sculptures. create a new image in profile. Copy
Choose one of Robert Therrien’s or print as large as possible and
drawings as a starting point to create tape the photo page and another
your sculpture. piece of paper back-to-back then
• Create your own readymade sculpture cut out around the shape. Glue the
using an everyday object – the object silhouettes onto white card and
could be domestic or industrial. frame them.

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Activity
• Write a story based on one or more manipulate images.
of Therrien’s drawings and think • Think about an object or shape
about the characters, setting, and you like and how it can be related
plot of the story. Consider where you to other shapes and objects. Draw
will set the story. Would it be in the or photograph these objects and
gallery, at school, at home or in an shapes to develop a motif that you
imaginery place? can use throughout your work.
• Create an artwork representing
your own interpretation of a
contemporary cartoon figure or
chacter from a book or fairytale.
Collect and choose source images
to make a collage. Source materials
can be photocopied. If a computer
is available use Photoshop to

Artist Link
• Dan Flavin (1933–96) challenged • Charles Ray (born 1953) works with
the viewer’s idea of art as dependent film, photography, sculpture and
on an ‘original’ object. His choice of installations to explore the notion of
banal, mass-produced objects has representation and to conflate reality
parallels with the use of material with the surreal. Find out more about
from everyday life. Find out more Charles Ray: www.tate.org.uk/
about Dan Flavin: www.tate.org.uk/ artistrooms
art/artists/dan-flavin-1101 • Jeff Koons (born 1955) sometimes
• Ron Mueck (born 1958) creates creates colossal sculptures such as
astonishingly life-like sculptures Caterpillar (with Chains) 2002 which
where his manipulation of scale adds often make the viewer feel small and
a deep psychological dimension to childlike because of their scale. Find
his work. Find out more about Ron out more about Jeff Koons: www.
Mueck: www.nationalgalleries.org/ nationalgalleries.org/collection/
collection/artistrooms artistrooms

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SUMMARY

Key things to think about:

Key Words: Formal Qualities:

Everyday • Memory • Narratives Silhouette • Scale • Illusion • Graphic
Domestic • Motif • Childhood • Taste Monochromatic
Utilitarian • Society • Scale • Sculpture
Balance • Magical • Artifice Links to other artists in National
Humour • Readymade collections at National Galleries
of Scotland and Tate:
Process: Rene Magritte, Marcel Duchamp, Louise
Sculpture • Photography • Drawing Bourgeois, Dan Flavin, Vija Celmins, Jeff
Koons, Ron Mueck, Martin Boyce

Links to Art Movements

Surrealism, minimalism, pop, conceptual

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FIND OUT MORE

Websites Online Films

ARTIST ROOMS: www.tate.org.uk/ www.nationalgalleries.org/collection/
collection/artistrooms/ and www. artists/robert-therrien
nationalgalleries.org/ collection/ www.youtube.com/user/
artistrooms GagosianGallery
ARTIST ROOMS On Tour with the Art www.youtube.com/user/
Fund: www.artfund.org/artistrooms walkerartcenter?feature=watch
Gagosian: www.gagosian.com/artists/
robert-therrien
Further Reading
The Broad Art Foundation: www.
Julia Brown, Robert Therrien,
broadartfoundation.org
Los Angeles, 1984
Los Angeles County Museum of Art:
Margit Rowell, Robert Therrien,
www.lacma.org/
Madrid, 1991
Museum of Contemporary Art,
Margit Rowell and Norman Bryson,
Los Angeles: www.moca.org/
Robert Therrien, Los Angeles, 2000
Pompidou Centre: www.
Lynn Zelevansky, Robert Therrien,
centrepompidou.fr/en
Los Angeles, 2000
The Museum of Modern Art, New York:
Gregory Salzman, Robert Therrien:
http://www.moma.org/
Polaroids, Drawings, Santa Fe, 2000
Christian Müller, Robert Therrien:
Works on Paper, Chicago, 2013

All works: © ARS, NY and DACS, London 2013

ARTIST ROOMS National Galleries of Scotland and
Tate. Acquired jointly through The d’Offay Donation
with assistance from the National Heritage Memorial
Fund and the Art Fund 2008.

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GLOSSARY

ALICE IN WONDERLAND INSTALLATION

A novel written by Lewis Carroll in Installation art describes an artistic
1865 about a girl named Alice who genre of three-dimensional works that
falls down a rabbit hole into a fantasy is often site-specific and designed to
world populated by peculiar creatures. transform the perception of a space.
The tale plays with logic, giving the
story lasting popularity with adults as
JITTERBUG
well as children.
A fast dance popular in the 1940s,
performed chiefly to swing music.
CONCEPTUAL ART
A term which came into use in the
DONALD JUDD
1960s, referring to a movement from
the same period. Conceptual artists An American artist (1928-94) associated
think beyond the limits of traditional with minimalism. His earliest sculptures
media (such as painting or sculpture), were mainly in wood, but in 1963-4
instead they use whatever material is he began to have his pieces fabricated
appropriate for their concept or idea. from his designs in metal and sometimes
coloured perspex.

MARCEL DUCHAMP
JEFF KOONS
French artist (1887-1968), associated
with dada, who was a major influence Am American artist (born 1955) known
on twentieth century art. for his reproductions of banal objects
– such as Balloon animals produced in
stainless steel with mirror finish surfaces.
DAN FLAVIN
American artist (1933–96) who has
DOROTHY LANGE
worked mainly with fluorescent light
and associated with minimalism and An influential American documentary
conceptualism. photographer (1895-1965), best known
for her Depression-era work for the Farm
Security Administration (FSA).
GULLIVER’S TRAVELS
A novel by Anglo-Irish writer and
clergyman Jonathan Swift in 1726
that is both a satire on human nature
and a parody of the “travellers’ tales”
literary sub-genre.

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MINIMAL ART SCOOBY-DOO
An art movement from the late 1960s. An animated American television
Minimalist artists typically made works series produced from 1969 to the
in simple geometric shapes based on the present day. The series featured four
square and the rectangle. Many minimal teenagers and their talking brown Great
works explore the properties of their Dane dog named Scooby-Doo, who
materials; which were often industrial. solved mysteries involving supposedly
supernatural creatures through a series
of antics and missteps.
MOTIF
A reoccurring element forming a theme
in a work of art or literature. SILHOUETTE
A silhouette is the image of a person, an
object or scene represented as a solid
POP ART
shape of a single colour, usually black, its
Name given to British and American edges matching the outline of the subject.
versions of art that drew inspiration
from sources in popular and commercial
culture. SURREALISM
An avant-garde art movement that
began in the early 1920s, and aimed
READYMADE
to resolve the previously contradictory
The term used by French artist Marcel conditions of dream and reality.
Duchamp to describe works of art he
made from manufactured objects.
UTILITARIAN
Something designed for practical use
THE RED SHOES
rather than beautiful appearance.
A fairy-tale by the Danish writer Hans
Christian Anderson (1805-75) in 1845,
which tells the story of a young dancer THE WONDERFUL WIZARD OF OZ
called Karen who wears a pair of A children’s book by L. Frank Baum
magical red shoes. It was turned into a (1856-1919) from 1902, which chronicles
classic film in 1948 by the duo Michael the adventures of a young girl named
Powell and Emeric Pressburger. Dorothy in the Land of Oz, after being
swept away from her Kansas farm home
in a tornado. It was later made into a
hugely successful Hollywood film in 1939.

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