HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

HARDOX
HARDOX in Rubber Recycling in
Rubber Recycling
TechSupport is a series of publications about HARDOX wear plates and WELDOX structural steel plates from SSAB Oxelösund.
For more info, contact Customer Service, www.ssabox.com

Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 1

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.
 HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

HARDOX

HBW Wear plate

600

SSAB
HARDOX 600

HARDOX 600
HARDOX 5

HARDOX 5
Wear plate with
500

HARD

HARD
structural characteristics

400

HARDOX 500

HARDOX 500

HARDOX 550

HARDOX 550
HARDOX 400

HARDOX 400

HARDOX 450

HARDOX 450

HARDOX 600

HARDOX 600
SSAB OXELÖSUND
SSAB OXELÖSUND

SSAB OXELÖSUND
SSAB OXELÖSUND

SSAB OXELÖSUND

HARDOX 500

HARDOX 500

HARDOX 550

HARDOX 550
HARDOX 400

HARDOX 400

HARDOX 450

HARDOX 450

HARDOX 600

HARDOX 600
Typical values;
Rm: 1250 MPa 1400 MPa 1550 MPa 1700 MPa 2000 MPa
A5: 10% 10% 8% 7% 6%
Impact toughness: 45 J/-40° C 35 J/ -40° C 30 J /-40° C 30 J /-40° C 20 J /-40° C

Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 2

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.
HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

Definitions

• Elasticity is a materials tendency to deform in a way that the deforming

energy transforms into potential energy. A material with elastically behaviour
revert itself to its original shape and the energy is reverted into kinetic energy.

• Plasticity (opposite to elasticity) is a materials tendency to deform in a way

that the deforming energy transforms, through inner friction, into heat. A
material with plastically behaviour do not revert itself into its original shape.
Stress, N/mm2
• Young’s modulus or modulus x
HARDOX

of elasticity is within the science

of the strength of materials the
HS steel
relationship between mechanical
stress and deformation in the x
elastic region. R

Elongation, %
e
Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 3

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.
HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

TYRE – steel and rubber

Rubber
• Organic substance with elastic
behaviour
• Not an abrasive material

Steel cord
• Metal with elastic – plastic
behaviour
• Web of thin wires
• An abrasive material, hardness of
up to 700 – 800 HV

Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 4

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.
HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

Abrasive sliding wear

• On cutting edges
• On spacer discs
• On screens

Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 5

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.
HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

Abrasive squeezing wear

• Between shears and spacer discs

• Between shears and shears

Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 6

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.
HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

The tyre shredding process

Shredding tyres differ from most other materials as the sharpness of

the shears cutting edges are of greater importance

Sharp cutting edges

Higher quality of the fragments
Less force required when the steel cord is cut
Less heat in the process

Unsharp cutting edges

More wear
The fragments will enlarge

Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 7

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.
HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

The tyre shredding process

Parameters that effect the size of the fragments

Counter rotating shears

• Thickness of the shears
• Distance between shear and spacer disc
• Sharpness of shears
• Tolerances between the shears

Anvil shears
• Size of screens
• Size of shears

Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 8

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.
HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

Heat – A factor not to neglect

In high enough
temperatures all low Surface Hardness vs. Tempering temperature
alloyed steels have the
650
same properties HARDOX 600
600
HARDOX 500

Surface Hardness (HBW)

HARDOX 400
550
However in reasonable
temperatures a harder 500

steel still have more 450

hardness 400

350

300

250
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

Tempering temperature (C)

Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 9

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.
HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

Shredder shears

Reasons why HARDOX 600 in shears

Against tool steels

Wear life ~20 % shorter but Material cost ~2 – 4 times lower

Can be produced locally Less transportation cost

Fewer production processes Shorter lead time
(only abrasive water jet)

Better impact toughness Less risk of failure

But if failure occurs Less capital lost

Total economy
In a non bottleneck less total cost / ton fragmentized tyre

Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 10

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.
HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

Shredder shears

Design solutions – the future

Two different kinds of wear situations
• Cutting edge exposed to heavy
sliding wear due to the hardness
of steel cord
• Squeezing wear in between shears
and spacer disks

HARDOX
HARDOX600 600 in combination
with tool
tool steel
steel or hardfacing
in cutting edges result in the
longest wear life

Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 11

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.
HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

Shredder shears

How to produce the shears

When cut HARDOX 600 for shears
abrasive water jet cutting is to
recommend
• This as cutting edge sharpness is
of major importance when
shredding tyres, no HAZ
(heat effected zone)
• The risk for hydrogen cracks is
minimized

Cutting method Thickness Cutting speed Kerf HAZ Dim.tolerance

Abrasive water jet 4 – 150 mm 8 – 150 mm/min 1 – 3 mm 0 +/- 0.2 mm

Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 12

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.
HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

Shredder screens

Reasons why HARDOX 500 in screens

Longer service life due to
• Best homogeneity hardness properties
• Best thickness tolerances

Manufacture properties
• Better bendability
• Better weldability
• Better cuttability

Total economy
• Less total cost / ton fragmentized tyre

Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 13

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.
HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

Shredder screens

How to produce the screens

• When cut HARDOX, use laser or thermal cutting under water in order to
remain hardness
• It is recommended to cut holes in irregular order

Cutting method Thickness Cutting speed Kerf HAZ Dim.tolerance

Plasma 4 – 40 mm 1200 – 6000 mm/min 2 – 4 mm 2 – 5 mm +- 0.2 mm
Laser 4 – 20 mm 600 – 2200 mm/min >1 mm 0.4 – 3 mm +- 1 mm

• When roller bend HARDOX 500, use smaller rolls because of material
spring back
• When not able to roller bend, free bending is an alternative

Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 14

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.
HARDOX in Rubber Recycling Industry

Avantage HARDOX

The best wear plate in the world

is
a part of your success

Editor: Jesper Gordon. Date: 09/02/2009. Version: 1.0. Page 15

This document is the property of SSAB Oxelösund and must not be reproduced, disclosed to any third party or used in any
unauthorized manner without the written consent. HARDOX is a registered trademark of SSAB Oxelösund AB.