Important Question: ICSE 2010 Class 10th (Ammonia)

Q.1. Ammonia can be obtained adding water to : [select the correct word]
A: Ammonium chloride B: Ammonium nitrate
C: Magnesium nitride D: Magnesium nitrate.

Ans :- C: Magnesium nitride.

Q. 2. Name: An alkaline gas ‘A’ which gives dense white fumes with hydrogen chloride.

Ans : - Ammonia gas.

Q.3. Write the equation for the following reaction: Aluminium nitride and water.

Ans : - AlN + 3H2 O → Al(OH)3 + NH 3 [g]

Q.4. Copy and complete the following table relating to an important industrial process. Output
refers to the product of the process not the intermediate steps.

Name of Inputs Catalyst Equation for catalyzed Output

process reaction
Haber Hydrogen
process +

Ans : -

Name of process Inputs Catalyst Equation for Output

catalyzed
reaction
Haber process Hydrogen Fe N 2 + 3H2 ↔ NH 3
+ 2NH2+ ∆

Q. 5.

i. Write an equation for solutions of ammonium chloride and sodium hydroxide are heated.
ii. Ammonium salts decompose on heating. What other property do ammonium salts have in
common?
iii. Choose the correct word from the bracket and write a balanced equation for the same :
Heating ammonium chloride with sodium hydroxide produces ______ [ammonia /
nitrogen].
iv. Name [formula is not acceptable] the gas produced on warming ammonium sulphate with
 iv.
sodium hydroxide solution.
v. Write the equation for the preparation of NH3 from ammonium chloride and calcium
hydroxide.
vi. Write the equation for the reaction when a mixture of ammonium chloride and slaked lime
is heated.
vii. From the list of substances given – Ammonium sulphate, Lead carbonate, Chlorine,
Copper nitrate, Ferrous sulphate – State : A compound which on heating with sodium
hydroxide produces a gas which forms dense white fumes with hydrogen chloride.

Ans : -

i. Δ
NH4Cl + NaOH → NaCl + H2 O + NH 3.
ii. (a) Ammonium salts liberate ammonia on treatment with alkalies.
(b) All ammonium salts are soluble in water.
iii. Ammonia.
NH4Cl + NaOH → NaCl + H2 O + NH 3
iv. Ammonia.
Δ
v. 2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 → CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2NH 3.

vi. Δ
2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 → CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2NH 3.
vii. Ammonium sulphate.

Q. 6. (i) How is ammonia collected? Why is ammonia not collected over water ?
(ii) Which compound is normally used as a drying agent for ammonia ?
(iii) Name a substance used for drying ammonia.

Ans : - (i) (a) Ammonia gas is lighter than air and hence collected by the downward displacement of
air.
[V.D. of NH 3 = 8.5, V.D. of air = 14.4]
(b) Ammonia is not collected over water since it is highly soluble in water.
[1 vol. of water dissolves about 702 vol. at 20 ºC and 1 atmos. pressure].
(ii) Quicklime [CaO]. (iii) Quicklime [CaO].

Q. 7. (i) The following reactions are carried out :

A : Nitrogen + Metal → Compound X.
B : X + Water → Ammonia + Another compound.
C : Ammonia + Metal oxide → Metal + Water + N 2.
(1) One metal that can be used for reaction A is magnesium.
(a) Write the formula of the compound X formed.
(b) Write the correctly balanced equation for reaction B where X is the compound formed.
(c) What property of ammonia is demonstrated by reaction C.
(ii) Write the equation for the formation of ammonia by the action of water on magnesium
nitride.
(iii) Write the equation for the reaction of Aluminium nitride and water.

Ans : - (i) (a) Magnesium nitride. [Mg3N 2]

(b) Mg3 N 2 + 6H2 O → 3Mg(OH)2 + 2NH 3 ↑.
(c) Reducing property.
(ii) Mg3 N2 + 6H 3 O → 3Mg(OH)2 + 2NH3 ↑.
(iii) AlN + 3H 2O → Al(OH)3 + NH3 ↑.

Q. 8.

i. What is the purpose of Haber’s Process.

ii. Name the gaseous inputs of the Haber’s process and state the ratio by volume in which the
gases are mixed.
iii. What is done to increase the rate of the reaction in the Haber’s Process.
iv. Give two different ways by which the product can be separated from the reactant.
v. Write the equation for the reaction in the Haber’s Process that forms ammonia.
vi. State the purpose of liquefying the ammonia produced in the process.
vii. With reference to Haber’s Process for the preparation of ammonia, write the equation and
the conditions required.

Ans : -

i. Manufacture of Ammonia.
ii. Nitrogen [N2 ] and Hydrogen [H 2 ] in the ratio 1:3 by volume.
iii. Temperature is kept low and pressure high.
iv. (a) Liquefaction – Ammonia is easily liquefied and hence separated from nitrogen and hydrogen.
(b) Dissolving in water – Ammonia is highly soluble in water and hence separated from nitrogen
and hydrogen.
v. N 2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 + Δ.
vi. Ammonia is easily liquefied while nitrogen and hydrogen are not easily separated. Hence
ammonia is separated from nitrogen and hydrogen.
vii. N 2 + 3H2 → 2 NH 3 + Δ.
Ratio of nitrogen and hydrogen is taken as 1:3. Temperature is kept 450-500ºC and pressure at
200 to 900 atmos. Catalyst iron with promoter molybdenum is used

Q. 9. (i) How soluble is ammonia in water.

(ii) Give two reasons to show that the solution of ammonia in water contains hydroxide ions.
(iii) Is ammonia more dense or less dense than air.

Ans : - (i) Ammonia is highly soluble in water. 1 vol. of water dissolves 702 vol. of ammonia at 20 ºC
and 1 atm. pressure.
(ii) (a) Ammonia turns red litmus solution blue. (b) Ammonia reacts with acids to form salt and
water.
 (iii) Ammonia is less dense than air. [V.D. of ammonia = 8.5 while V.D. of air = 14.4].

Q. 10. (i) Write equation for the following:

(a) Burning of ammonia in oxygen
(b) Catlytic oxidation of ammonia.
What do you observe in (a)?
Name the catalyst used in (b).
In the reaction referred to in (b), the catalyst glows red hot. Why? What is the name of
the industrial process which starts with the reaction referred to in (b).
(ii) From the gases – ammonia, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulphide, Sulphur dioxide –
Select the following:
(a) When this gas is bubbled through copper sulphate solution, a deep blue coloured
solution is formed.
(b) This gas burns in oxygen with a green flame.

Ans : - (i) (a) 4NH3 + 3O 2 → 2N2 + 6H 2 O.

Pt
(b) 4NH 3 + 5O2 → 4NO + 6H 2O + Δ .
800ºC
Observation – Dry ammonia does not burn when passed through ignited tube. When ammonia is
passed through ignited tube with a passage of oxygen, ammonia burns with a greenish yellow flame
forming nitrogen and water.

Catalyst – Catalyst used is Platinum. The catalyst glows since the catalytic oxidation of ammonia is an
exothermic reaction.
The industrial process is known as ‘Ostwald’s Process’ for the manufacture of Nitric Acid.

(ii) (a) When ammonia gas is passed through Copper sulphate solution, pale blue precipitate of copper
hydroxide is formed. On passage of excess ammonia the pale blue precipitate turns into deep blue
coloured solution due to formation of tetra amine copper(II) sulphate.
CuSO4 + 2NH4 OH → (NH 4 )2 SO 4 + Cu(OH)2 ↓
Cu(OH)2 + (NH 4)2SO 4 + 2NH 4 OH → [Cu(NH3)4]SO 4 + 4H2O.
(b) Ammonia.

Q.11.

i. Name a simple method you would employ to prepare ammonium salts in your laboratory.
ii. What property of ammonia is demonstrated by the Fountain Experiment. Write the
balanced equation for the reaction between ammonia and sulphuric acid.
iii. Choose the correct word from the brackets for each sentence and write a balanced
equation for the same.
(a) Ammonium chloride is a soluble salt prepared by ______ (precipitation, neutralization).
(b) When ammonium chloride is heated, it undergoes thermal ______ (decomposition /
dissociation).
iv. Name a gas whose solution in water is alkaline.
 iv.
v. Name the ion other than ammonium ion formed when ammonia dissolves in water.
vi. Select the correct compound from the list given – Ammonia, Copper oxide, Copper
sulphate, Hydrogen chloride, Hydrogen sulphide, Lead bromide – which matches the
description given below:
Although this compound is not a metal hydroxide, its aqueous solution is alkaline in
nature.

Ans : -

i. Neutralization : - Ammonia in the gaseous form or in aqueous solution [NH4OH] neutralizes

acids forming the respective ammonium salts.
ii. Fountain Experiment demonstrate the high solubility of ammonia gas in water.
2NH3 + H 2 SO4 → (NH 4 )2 SO 4 .
iii. (a) neutralization.
NH 4 OH + HCl → NH4 Cl + H 2O
(b) dissociation.
iv. Ammonia.
v. Hydroxyl ion [OH– ]
vi. Ammonia.

Q.12. (i) How would you distinguish between Zn2+ ans Pb2+ using ammonium hydroxide
solution.
(ii) State what is observed when excess of ammonia is passed through an aq. solution of
lead nitrate.
Ans.: - (i) Zn2+ with NH4 OH gives white precipitate of zinc hydroxide which dissolves in excess of
NH4OH,
ZnCl2 + 2NH 4 OH → Zn(OH)2 ↓ + 2NH 4Cl
Zn(OH)2 + 2NH 4 OH + 2NH 4 Cl → Zn(NH3)4Cl4 + 4H2O
Aqueous solution of lead salt do not show any change on treatment with NH4OH.
(ii) When ammonia is passed through an aq. solution of lead nitrate, chalky white precipitate of lead
hydroxide is formed which is insoluble in excess of ammonia.
Pb(NO3)2 + 2NH 4OH → 2NH4 NO3 + Pb(OH)2 ↓

Q.13. (i) What are the products formed when ammonia is oxidized with copper oxide.
(ii) From the following gases – ammonia, chlorine, hydrogen chloride, Sulphur dioxide,
select the gas that matches the description given below:
(a) The gas [B] turns moist red litmus paper blue. What is the name of gas [B]?
(b) Write the equation for the reaction that takes place when gas [B] is passed over
heated CuO.
(iii) Write an equation for the reaction of chlorine with excess of ammonia.
(iv) Write a balanced chemical equation to illustrate the reducing nature of ammonia.

Ans : - (i) Nitrogen, Copper and water.

2NH 3 + 3CuO → 3Cu + 3H 2 O + N 2.
(ii) (a) Ammonia.
 (b) 3CuO [heated] + 2NH 3 → 3Cu + N2 + 3H 2 O.
(iii) 8NH3 [excess] + 3Cl2 → 6NH 4 Cl + N2.
(iv) 3CuO + 2NH3 → 3Cu + N 2 + 3H2O.

Q.14. (i) What do you observe when ammonia gas is bubbled through red litmus solution.
(ii) State what you observe when a piece of moist red litmus paper is placed in a gas jar of
ammonia.
Ans : - (i) The red litmus solution becomes blue.
(ii) The red litmus paper turns blue