MALUKA IAS PUNJAB PCS TEST -3

1. Solution- b Explanation-

Explanation: All of the above are correct

First statement is correct. The settlement is divided Representations on seals and terracotta sculpture
into two sections, one smaller but higher and the other indicate that the bull was known, and archaeologists
much larger but lower. Archaeologists designate these extrapolate from this that oxen were used for
as the Citadel and the Lower Town respectively. The ploughing. Moreover, terracotta models of the plough
Citadel owes its height to the fact that buildings were have been found at sites in Cholistan and at Banawali
constructed on mud brick platforms. It was walled, (Haryana). Archaeologists have also found evidence of
meant that it was physically separated from the Lower a ploughed field at Kalibangan (Rajasthan), associated
Town. with Early Harappan Levels.

Second statement is incorrect. The Lower Town was Most Harappan sites are located in semi-arid lands,
also walled; several buildings were built on platforms, where irrigation was probably required for agriculture.
which served as foundations. Traces of canals have been found at the Harappan site
of Shortughai in Afghanistan, but not in Punjab or
Source – Sind.

Class 12 -Themes in Indian History Part - I – Page No. Source-

6
Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in Indian History Part
2. Solution- c - I – Page No. 3

Explanation- 5. Solution- c

Both the statements are correct. Explanation-

• One horned animal depicted on seals seem to be Both the statements are correct.
mythical, composite creature are called “Unicorn”.
It is in the Citadel that we find evidence of structures
• In some seals, a figure shown seated cross legged in that were probably used for special public purposes.
a yogic posture is regarded as “Proto-Shiva”. These include the warehouse – a massive structure of
which the lower brick portions remain, while the upper
Source- portions, probably of wood, decayed long ago – and the
Great Bath.
Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in Indian History Part
- I – Page No. 23 The Great Bath was a large rectangular tank in a
courtyard surrounded by a corridor on all four sides.
3. Solution- a
There were two flights of steps on the north and south
Explanation- leading into the tank, which was made watertight by
setting bricks on edge and using a mortar of gypsum.
First statement is correct. Grains found at Harappan
sites include wheat, barley, lentil, chickpea and Source-
sesame.
Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in Indian History Part
• Animal bones found at Harappan sites include those - I – Page No. 8
of cattle, sheep, goat, buffalo and pig. Studies done by
6. Solution- c
archaeo-zooligsts or Zoo-archaeologists indicate that
these animals were domesticated. Explanation-
Second statement is incorrect. The people of Harappan Archaeologists generally use certain strategies to find
have not acquainted with horse. out whether there were social or economic differences
among people living within a particular culture. These
Source-
include studying burials. It is well known that the
Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in Indian History Part massive pyramids of Egypt, some of which were
- I – Page No. 3 contemporaneous with the Harappan Civilization.

4. Solution- d

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MALUKA IAS PUNJAB PCS TEST -3
Many of these pyramids were royal burials, where  Mesopotamian texts datable to the third
enormous quantities of wealth were buried. millennium BCE refer to copper coming from a
region called Magan, perhaps a name for Oman,
Some graves contain pottery and ornaments, perhaps and interestingly enough copper found at
indicating a belief that these could be used in the Mesopotamian sites also contains traces of nickel.
afterlife.  Other archaeological finds suggestive of long
distance contacts include Harappan seals, weights,
Source-
dice and beads.
Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in Indian History Part  In this context, it is worth noting that
- I – Page No. 9 Mesopotamian texts mention contact with regions
named Dilmun (probably the island of Bahrain),
7. Solution- c Magan and Meluhha, possibly the Harappan
region.
Explanation-
Source-
Both the statements are correct.
Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in Indian History Part
Chanhudaro is a tiny settlement (less than 7 hectares) - I – Page No. 14
as compared to Mohenjodaro (125 hectares), almost
exclusively devoted to craft production, including bead- 10. Solution- c
making shell-cutting, metal-working, seal-making and
weight-making. Explanation:

• The variety of materials used to make beads is Rig Veda consists of hymns in praise of a variety of
remarkable: stones like carnelian (of a beautiful red deities. These hymns were chanted when sacrifices
colour), jasper, crystal, quartz and steatite; metals like were performed, where people prayed for cattle, sons,
copper, bronze and gold; and shell, faience and good health, long life, etc.
terracotta or burnt clay.
Source-
Source-
Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in Indian History Part
Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in Indian History Part - I – Page No. 84
- I – Page No. 10
11. Solution- d
8. Solution- b
Explanation-
Explanation-
Vedanta means the end of the Veda. The Brahmasutra
of Badarayana compiled in the second century B.C.
 A variety of materials was used for craft
formed its basic text.
production.
 While some such as clay were locally available,
Source-
many such as stone, timber and metal had to be
procured from outside the alluvial plain. Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 220
 Terracotta toy models of bullock carts suggest that
this was one important means of transporting 12. Solution- b
goods and people across land routes.
 Riverine routes along the Indus and its tributaries, Explanation-
as well as coastal routes were also probably used.
In Later Vedic times Rig Vedic popular assemblies lost
Source- importance, and royal power increased at their cost.
The Vidatha completely disappeared. The sabha and
Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in Indian History Part samiti continued to hold the ground, but their
- I – Page No. 10 character changed.

9. Solution- b Source-

Explanation: Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 83

13. Solution- d

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MALUKA IAS PUNJAB PCS TEST -3
Explanation- The fourth division called Shudras appeared towards
the end of the Rig Vedic period.
In order to understand the Vedic texts, it was
necessary to learn the Vedangas or the limbs of the Source-
Veda. These supplements of the Veda comprised
phonetics (shiksha), ritual (kalpa), grammar Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 75
(vyakarana), etymology (nirukta), metrics (chhanda)
and astronomy (jyotisha). 18. Solution- d

Source- Explanation-

Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 15 The Aryans personified the natural forces and looked
upon them as living beings to which they gave human
14. Solution- d or animal attributes. The Aryans did not worship gods
for their spiritual uplift or for ending the miseries of
Explanation- existence.

At later stage the Mesolithic people domesticated Source-

animals. The Neolithic people practiced both
agriculture and domestication of animals. The end of Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 76 &
the Neolithic period saw the use of metals. 77

Source- 19. Solution- c

Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 36, Explanation-

37 & 42
 Indra – God of rain
15. Solution- d  Soma – God of Plants
 Prajapati – Creator
Explanation:  Pushan – God of Shudras

The Chalcolithic people mostly used stone and copper Source-

objects, but they also occasionally used low grade
bronze. Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 76 &
86
Source-
20. Solution- c
Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 42
Explanation-
16. Solution- b
In the Sushruta Samhita, Sushruta describes the
Explanation- method of operating cataract, stone disease and
several other ailments.
The Harappan rulers were more concerned with
commerce than with conquest .hence it was possibly Source-
ruled by a Class of Merchants.
Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 244
Source-
21. Solution- c
Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 61
Explanation-
17. Solution- a
In the fourth century B.C. Panini systematize the rules
Explanation- governing Sanskrit and produced a grammar called the
Ashtadhyayi.
Both the statements are correct.
Source-
During Rig Vedic times the society was divided into
three groups – Warriors, Priests and the people. Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 242

22. Solution- c

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MALUKA IAS PUNJAB PCS TEST -3
Explanation- period. The predominantly pastoral society of early
Vedic' times became agricultural
Both the statements are correct.
Source-
One of the area from which Neolithic tools have been
recovered in the hills of Assam Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 86

Neolithic tools are also found in the Garo hills in 26. Solution- a
Meghalaya 011 the north-eastern frontier of India. We
have no means of dating them. In addition to this we Explanation
also find a number of neo lithic settlements on the
northern spurs' of the Vindhyas in Mirzapur and First option is correct.
Allahabad districts of Uttar Pradesh. Neolithic sites in
 Harappa Culture is older than Chalcolithic Culture
Allahabad district are noted for the cultivation of rice
but it far more developed than Chalcolithic
in the sixth millennium B.C. Those found in
cultures.
Baluchistan also seem to be fairly old.
 The use of burnt bricks is remarkable in Harappan
Source – cities.
 Dried Brick were used in contemporary buildings
Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 38, in Egypt
40
Source
23. Solution- a
Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 53
Explanation- and 56

According to yoga School a person can attain salvation 27. Solution- d

through meditation and physical application NOT .by
knowledge Explanation –

Source – Fourth option is correct.

Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 220 As the script of Harappan cannot be deciphered, it
cannot be judge about their contribution to literature
24. Solution- d nor can we say anything about their ideas and beliefs.

Explanation - The institution of gotra appeared 111 Unlike Egyptians and Mesopotamians, Harappan did
later Vedic times Literally it means the cow-pen or the NOT write inscription
place where cattle belonging to the whole clan are kept,
but during course of time it signified descent from a Source-
common ancestor. People began to practise gotra
Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 63
exogamy. No marriage could take place between
and 64
persons belonging to the same gotra or having the
same ancestor.
28. Solution- c
Source-
Explanation-
Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 85
Both the statements are correct.
25. Solution- a
Although Harappan Culture was Bronze ageCulture,
they used bronze on a limited scale and largely
Explanation-
continued to use stone implements.
The later Vedic period saw certain important changes.
Source –
We find the beginnings of territorial kingdoms; Wars
were fought not only for the possession of cattle but
Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page No. 66
also for that of territory.
29. Solution- d
The famous Mahabharata battle, fought between the
Kauravas and the Pandavas, is attributed to this Explanation-

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MALUKA IAS PUNJAB PCS TEST -3
All the pairs are correctly matched. Page no. 35

Other centers are- 32. Solution- d

Lapis lazuli Shortughai Explanation-

Carnelian- Lothal Fourth option is correct.

Source- Rajanya refers to kshatriyas and they were the

warriors and rulers who received bali as tax.
Tamil Nadu XI class History Book Chapter 1
Source-
Page no. 13
Tamil Nadu XI class History Book Chapter 2
30. Solution- a
Page no. 35
Explanation-
33. Solution- d
The assemblies called sabha, samiti; vidhata and gana
are mentioned in the Rig Veda. Sabha was the Explanation-
assembly of elders or the elites, samiti was an
assembly of people, and vidhata was the assembly of Third statement is incorrect.
tribe.
Status of Women during Later Vedic Period-
They performed military and religious functions.
 The status of women declined as the society
Women attended the sabhas and vidhatas. The king became more structured and the patriarchal family
sought the support of the samiti and sabha for his became more important.
activities.  In the family the father was the head.
 The right of primogeniture was strong. Though
Source- women had participated in rituals in the Rig Vedic
period, they were excluded in the later Vedic
Tamil Nadu XI class History Book Chapter 2 period.
 Daughters are spoken of as a source of trouble.
Page no. 32
 Their work was to look after the cattle, milking
31. Solution- c animals and fetching water.

Explanation- Source-

Both statements are correct. Tamil Nadu XI class History Book Chapter 2

 Sacrifices and rituals gained importance in the Page no. 36

Later Vedic society. The king became more
34. Solution- a
independent.
 Rituals dominated kingship, and this increased the Explanation-
power and influence of the Rajanyas and the
Brahmanas, while distancing the king from the vis. First option is correct.
 The Asvamedha-yaga involved letting a horse loose
into areas where it moved freely; this was an  The Purohita or priest offered advice to the king.
assertion that the authority of the king was  Senani was the chief of army.
recognized, and a battle ensued when the horse  Gramini was the head of the village and fighting
was challenged. unit.
 The Vajapeya ritual involved a chariot race. Such  Bali was the tax received by warriors
innovative modes of rituals helped to increase the
power of the king. Source-

Source- Tamil Nadu XI class History Book Chapter 2

Tamil Nadu XI class History Book Chapter 2 Page no. 32

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MALUKA IAS PUNJAB PCS TEST -3
35. Solution- c Both the statements are correct.

Explanation- Samagra Shiksha is an overarching programme for the

school education sector extending from pre-school to
Third option is correct. class XII and aims to ensure inclusive and equitable
quality education at all levels of school education.
Iron was an important metal used for implements in
this period. It was called syama-ayas or krishna-ayas It envisages the ‘school’ as a continuum from pre-
or the dark metal. Iron is believed to have played an school, primary, upper primary, secondary to senior
important role in the conversion of the forests of the secondary levels.
Ganga Valley into agricultural lands.
http://www.pib.nic.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?
Source- PRID=1540175

Tamil Nadu XI class History Book Chapter 2 40. Solution- d

Page no. 33 Explanation-

36. Solution- b Fourth option is correct.

Explanation- Atal Innovation Mission, NITI Aayog & MyGov

launched “Innovate India Platform”.
First statement is incorrect. The king did not maintain
any regular army but in times of war he mustered a Some of the features of this platform are:
militia whose military functions were performed by
different tribal groups called vratas, grama, gaha,  The platform is open to all Indian citizens
sradha, etc.  The users can View, comment, share, and rate the
innovations crowd sourced on the #Innovate India
Source- platform
 View the leader board which is calculated based on
Tamil Nadu XI class History Book Chapter 2
the votes on each innovation.
37. Solution- a  Citizens can share their/organizations/someone
else’s innovation on the platform by login to the
Explanation- MyGov website
 These innovations can also be shared on various
Second statement is incorrect. Women were also social media platforms such as WhatsApp,
denied Upanayana and Gayatri mantra. Facebook, and Twitter

Third statement is incorrect. Third Mandal of Rig Veda http://www.pib.nic.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?

consists of Gayatri Mantra PRID=1540175

Source- 41. Solution- a

Tamil Nadu XI class History Book Chapter 2 Explanation-

Page no. 36 Third statement is incorrect.

38. Solution- a Though their numbers are on rise, nearly half the tiger
deaths in the past five years were due to unnatural
Explanation- causes like poaching and electrocution.

First pair is incorrect.

Mahi-Banswara- Rajasthan

http://www.pib.nic.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?
PRID=1540175

39. Solution- c

Explanation-

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MALUKA IAS PUNJAB PCS TEST -3
Explanation-

Second statement is incorrect. It is headquartered in

Oakland, California.

Every year, it produces National Footprint Accounts,

which calculate Ecological Footprint and bio capacity
of more than 200 countries.

https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-
environment/an-end-to-our-
means/article24531989.ece

44. Solution- c

Explanation-

First and Third statements are correct.

Mission Satyanishtha

 Indian Railways has launched the mission

Satyanishtha.
 It aims at sensitizing all railway employees about
the need to adhere to good ethics and to maintain
high standards of integrity at work.
 It is the first ever such mission by any government
https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp- organisation.
national/india-has-potential-to-be-the-global-leader-
in-tiger-conservation-expert/article24543804.ece The objectives of the Mission are

42. Solution- a  To train every employee to understand the need

and value of ethics in Personal and Public life
Explanation-  To deal with ethical dilemmas in life and Public
Governance
Second statement is incorrect. A Constitution  To help understand the policies of Indian Railways
Amendment Bill which is introduced in Parliament, on ethics and integrity and the employee’s role in
has to approve it with a simple majority, before the upholding the same
President gives his assent to it  To develop inner governance through tapping inner
resources
The Article 3 of the Constitution deals with the
formation of new States and alteration of areas, http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?
boundaries or names of existing States. relid=181148

It says that Parliament may by law,

 form a new State by separation of territory from 45. Solution- c

any State or by uniting two or more States or parts
of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any Explanation-
State;
 increase the area of any State; Second statement is incorrect. It became a specialized
 diminish the area of any State; agency of the United Nations, in 1951, for meteorology
 alter the boundaries of any State; (weather and climate), operational hydrology and
 alter the name of any State related geophysical sciences.

https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-  It is the UN system‘s authoritative voice on

states/west-bengal-assembly-passes-resolution-to- weather, climate and water.
rename-state-as-bangla/article24519509.ece  Its secretariat is located in Geneva, Switzerland
and is headed by the Secretary-General.
43. Solution- a
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MALUKA IAS PUNJAB PCS TEST -3
 WMO monitors and forecast the transport of Ans 49 : a
chemical and oil spills, forest fires, volcanic ash,
haze and nuclear isotopes. Explanation 53 : The inscriptions of Asoka were
first deciphered by James Princep in 1837. They are
https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-to- written in Pali language and in some placesPrakrit
was used. The Brahmi script was employed for writing.
give-flash-flood-warning-to-asian-
In the northwestern India Asokan inscriptions were
nations/article24535525.ece found in Karoshti script.

46. Solution- b These Edicts of Asoka deal with Asoka’ sDhamma and
also instructions given to his officials.
Explanation-
Source : Tamil Nadu , class XI , Page 61
Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)
Answer 50 : b Explanation : Chandragupta Maurya
 TESS is NASA's latest satellite to search for planets was the founder of the Mauryan Empire. He, at the
outside our solar system, known as exoplanets. young age of 25, captured Pataliputra from the last
 The mission will spend the next two years ruler of the Nanda dynasty ,Dhanananda. In this task
monitoring the nearest and brightest stars for he was assisted by Kautilya, who was also known as
"Transits". Chanakya or Vishnugupta.
 Transits are events which denote a periodic dips in
light of the star when a planet pass in front of it. Chandragupta embraced Jainism NOT Buddhism
 It was launched in April this year and it has now towards the end of his life and stepped down from the
throne in favour of his son Bindusara. Then he went to
started its search for planets around nearby stars.
SravanaBelgola, near Mysore along with Jain monks
 It is expected to transmit its first series of science led by Bhadrabhagu and starved himself to death.
data back to Earth in August, and thereafter
periodically every 13.5 days. Source : Tamil Nadu , class XI , Page 61
 It is the next step in the search for planets outside
of our solar system, including those that could
support life.

https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/science- Answer 51 : c
technology/nasa-s-newest-planet-hunter-starts-
Explanation :According some scholars, his conversion
science-operations/628615.html to Buddhism was gradual and not immediate. About
261 B.C. Asoka became a SakyaUpasaka (lay disciple)
Ans 47: c Explanation :The Mauryas organized a and two and a half years later , a Bikshu
very elaborate system of administration . We know (monk). Then he gave up hunting, visited Bodh-Gaya,
about it from the account of Megastheses and the and organized missions.
Arthasastra of Kautilya . Megasthenes was Greek
ambassador sent by Seleucus to the court of
Chandragupta Maurya Source : Tamil Nadu , class XI , Page 62, 64

The account of Megasthenes can be supplemented by Ans 52: d

the Arthasastra of Kautilya . Although the Explanation 56 : The main features of Asoka’ s
Arthasastrawas finally compiled a few centuries after Dhamma as mentioned in his various Edicts may be
the Maurya rule, some of its books contain matenal summedas follows:
that is genuine and gives authentic information about 1 .Service to father and mother , practice of ahimsa,
the Maurya administration and economy. On the love of truth, reverence to teachers and good treatment
basis of these two sources we can draw a picture of the of relatives.
empire 2 . Prohibition of animal sacrifices and festive
gatherings and avoiding expensive and meaningless
Source : Class XI , Ancient India. Page 86 ceremonies and rituals.
3 .Efficient organization of administration in the
Ans 48 : c The Mudrarakshasa written by direction of social welfare and maintenance of constant
contact with people through the system of
Visakadatta is a drama in Sanskrit. Although written
Dhammayatras.
during the Gupta period, it describes how 4 .Humane treatment of servants by masters and
Chandragupta with the assistance of Kautilya prisoners by government officials.
overthrew the Nandas.It also gives a picture on the 5 .Consideration and non-violence to animals and
socio-economic condition under the Mauryas. courtesy to relations and liberality to Brahmins.
6. Tolerance among all the religious sects.
Source : Tamil Nadu , class XI , Page 60 7. Conquest through Dhamma instead of through war .

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MALUKA IAS PUNJAB PCS TEST -3

Source : Tamil Nadu , class XI , Page 65 Source : Tamil Nadu , class XI , Page 68

Ans 53 : b
Ans 59 : a
Explanation 57 : Asoka’ s inscriptions mention the Explanation :The caves presented to the Ajivikas NOT
southernmost kingdoms – Cholas, Pandyas, Buddhist monks by Asoka and his son Dasaratha
Satyaputras and Keralaputras – as border-states. remain important heritage of the Mauryas. Their
Therefore these states remained outside the Mauryan interior walls are polished like mirror . These were
Empire.According to Rajatarangini , Kashmir was a meant to be residences of monks.The caves at Barabar
part of the Mauryan Empire. Nepal was also within hills near Bodh Gaya are wonderful pieces of Mauryan
the Mauryanempire. The north western frontier was architecture.
already demarcated by Chandragupta Maurya.
Source : Tamil Nadu , class XI , Page 64 Source : Tamil Nadu , class XI , Page 70

Ans 54 : b

Explanation :The chief justice of the Supreme Court

at the capital was called Dharmathikarin. There were Answer 60 : a
also subordinate courts at the provincial capitals and
districts under Amatyas .Both Kautilya and Asokan Source : Tamil Nadu , class XI , Page 48
Edicts mention about jails and jail officials.
Source : Tamil Nadu , class XI , Page 68 Answer 61 : c
Bimbisara was a contemporary of both
VardhamanaMahavira and Gautama Buddha. However
Ans 55 : b , both religions claim him as their supporter and
devotee. He seems to have made numerous gifts to the
Explanation :There are minor Rock Edicts and minor Buddhist Sangha .
pillar Edicts. These Edicts of Asoka deal with
Asoka’s .Dhamma and also instructions given to his Bimbisara married Chellana, a princess of the Licchavi
officials. The XIII Rock Edict gives details about his family of Vaisali. This matrimonial alliance secured for
war with Kalinga. him the safety of the northern frontier .Moreover , it
Source : Tamil Nadu , class XI , Page 61 facilitated the expansion of Magadha northwards to the
borders of Nepal.
Source : Tamil Nadu , class XI , Page 49
Answer 56 :a Explanation : The inscriptions of
Asoka were first deciphered by James Princep in 1837. Ans62 :a Explanation: The basic philosophy of the
They are written in Pali language and in some places Jainas was already in existence in north India before
prakrit was used the birth of Vardhamana. According to Jaina tradition,
Mahavira was preceded by 23 other teachers or
Source : Tamil Nadu , class XI , Page 60 tirthankaras.
Ans 57 : d Explanation : The Mauryan army was Source :Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in Indian
well organized and it was under the control of
History Part - I – Page No. 88
Senapati. The salaries were paid in cash. Kautilya
refers to the salaries of different ranks of military
officers. According toGreek author Pliny , the Mauryan Ans 63 : d –
army consisted of six lakh infantry thirty thousand
cavalry , nine thousand elephants and eight thousand Explanation:
chariots. In addition to these four wings, there were
the Navy and transport and Supply wings. Each wing According to Jainism
was under the control of Adyakshas or
Superintendents. · Entire world is animated.
Source : Tamil Nadu , class XI , Page 67
· Non injury to living beings.
Answe 58 : d Explanation : The taking of Census was
regular during the Mauryan period. The village officials · The cycle of birth and rebirth is shaped through
were to number the people along with other details like karma.
their caste and occupation. They were also to count
the animals in each house. The census in the towns · Asceticism and penance can be achieved only by
was taken by municipal officials to track the movement renouncing the world.
of population both foreign and indigenous. The data
collected were cross checked by the spies. The Census
Source : Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in Indian
appears to be a permanent institution in the Mauryan
administration. History Part - I – Page No. 88

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MALUKA IAS PUNJAB PCS TEST -3
Ans64 : d – Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in Ans 70: c Explanation: The republican system of
Indian History Part - I – Page No. 29 government existed either in the Indus basin or in
thefoothills of the Himalayas in eastern Uttar Pradesh
Explanation: While most Mahajanapadas were ruled and Bihar.In the republics real power lay in the hands
by kings, some, known as ganas or sanghas, were of tribal oligarchies. Example:- Republicsof Shakyas,
oligarchies, where power was shared by a number of Lichchhavis, Malavas and Kshudrakas
men, often collectively called rajas. Both Mahavira and
the Buddha belonged to such ganas. Source :Class 11 Book Name – Ancient India – Page
No. 118
Ans 65: d – Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in
Indian History Part - I – Page No. 100, 101 Ans 71: b Explanation: The samaharta was the
highest officer in charge of assessment and the
Explanation: sannidhata was the chief custodian of the state
treasury and store-house.
· Some sculptures were not directly inspired by
Buddhist ideas. Source : Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page
No. 132
· Jataka stories and events of Buddha’s life were
sculpted at Sanchi. Ans 72: c Explanation : The name of Ashoka occurs
only in copies of Minor Rock Edict I found at three
Ans 66: b – Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in places in Karnataka and at one in M.P. All the other
Indian History Part - I – Page No. 92 inscriptions mention only “devarampiyaPiyadasi’, dear
to god, and leaves out the word Ashoka. They were
Explanation: written in Brahmi script in greater part of the sub-
continental. But in its north-western part they
Buddha’s foster mother MahapajapatiGotami was the appeared in Aramaic language and Kharoshthi script,
first women to be ordained as a Bhikkhuni not theris and in Afghanistan they were written in both Aramaic
and Greek scripts and languages
· Once within the sanga, all were regarded as equals
Source :Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India –
Page No. 124
Answer 67 : a Explanation: According to
Buddhism: The world is transient and constantly Ans 73: a Explanation :Although arms and weapons
changing.It is also soulless as there is nothing were the monopoly of the Maurya state, the use of
permanent or eternal in it.Penance and self-indulgence other iron tools was not restricted to any class. Their
can be achieved by following the path of moderation. use and manufacture must have spread from the
Gangetic basin to the distant part of the empire
Ans 68: d Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in Source :Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India –
Indian History Part - I – Page No. 32 Page No. 132,134

Ans 74 : b Explanation : Mudrarakshasa, a dram

Explanation: Megasthenes, a Greek ambassador,
was written by Vishakhadatta . Chandragupta built up
visited India during the reign of Chandra Gupta a vast empire which included not only Bihar, Orissa &
Maurya. Bengal but also western and north-western India and
the Deccan. Leaving Kerala, Tamil Nadu and parts of
Ans 69: C – Class 12 – Book Name – Themes in northeastern India the Mauryas ruled over the whole of
Indian History Part - I – Page No. 86 the sub-continent.

Explanation: Answer 75 : a

· Vinayapitaka deals with the rules and regulations for Explanation : The primary cause for the rise of
those who joined the sangha. Jainism and Buddhism was the religious unrest in
India in the 6 century B.C. The complex rituals and
sacrifices advocated in the Later Vedic period were not
· Abhidhammapitaka deals with Philosophical matters.
the acceptable to the common people.
· Suttapitaka deals with the teachings of Buddha.
Source :Class 11 – Tamil Nadu Ancient India –
Page No. 37,38
Source : Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Page
No. 76 & 86
Answer 76 : d
Source : Class 11 – Book Name – Ancient India – Explanation :
Page No. 110 & 149 The three principles of Jainism, also known as
Triratnas (three gems), are:

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MALUKA IAS PUNJAB PCS TEST -3
-right faith
-right knowledge Source :Class 11 – Book Name –Tamil Nadu
-right conduct. Ancient India – Page No. 43
Right faith is the belief in the teachings and wisdom of
Mahavira. Right Knowledge is the acceptance of the Answer 81 : b
theory that there is no God and that the world has Explanation 88 :The concept of ahimsa was its chief
been existing without a creator and that all objects contribution. Later , it became one of the cherished
possess a soul. Right conduct refers to the observance values of our nation. Its contribution to the art and
of the five great vows: architecture of India was notable. The stupas at
-not to injure life Sanchi, Bharhut and Gaya are wonderful pieces of
-not to lie architecture. Buddhism takes the credit for the
-not to steal chaityas and viharas in different parts of India. It
-not to acquire property promoted education through residential universities
-not to lead immoral life like those at Taxila, Nalanda and Vikramasila. The
language of Pali and other local languages developed
Source :Class 11 – Book Name – Tamil Nadu through the teachings of Buddhism. It had also
Ancient India – Page No. 39 promoted the spread of Indian culture to otherparts of
Asia.
Answer 77 : c Explanation Mahavira rejected the
authority of the Vedas and objected to the Vedic rituals Source :Class 11 – Book Name –Tamil Nadu
(Hence Statement 1 is Not Correct ). He advocated a very Ancient India – Page No. 44
holy and ethical code of life. Even the practice of
agriculture was considered sinful as it causes injury to Answer 82 : b Explanation : Bindusara was called by
the earth, worms and animals. Similarly the doctrine the Greeks as “Amitragatha” meaning slayer of
of asceticism and renunciation was also carried to enemies. He is said to have conquered the Deccan up
extreme lengths by the practice of starvation, nudity to Mysore. Bindusara supported the Ajivikas, a
and other forms of self-torture. religious sect.
Source :Class 11 – Book Name – Tamil Nadu
Ancient India – Page No. 39 Source :Class 11 – Book Name – Taminl Nadu Board
Ancient India – Page No. 62
Answer 78: c : Explanation : Buddha neither
accepts god nor rejects the existence of god. He laid Answer 83 : c
great emphasis on the law of karma. He argued that Explanation :For the first time in the Maurya period
the condition of man in this life depends upon his own slaves were engaged m agricultural work on a large
deeds. Though he did not make a direct attack on the scale The samaharta was the highest officer in charge
caste system, he was against any social distinctions of assessment, and the sannidhata was the chief
and threw open his order to all. Therefore, Buddhism custodian of the state tresury and store-house.
was more a social than religious revolution.
Source :Class 11 – Book Name –NCERT Ancient
Source :Class 11 – Book Name – Tamil Nadu India – Page No. 94
Ancient India – Page No. 42
Answer 84 : a

Answer 79 : d Source
The monks were organized into the Sangha for the :https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/assa
purpose of spreading his teachings. The membership m-nrc-draft-citizenship-list-names-5283791/
was open to all persons, male or female and without
any caste restrictions. By elimination the option dcan
be concluded Answer 85 : d
Source:https://indianexpress.com/article/explaine
Source :Class 11 – Book Name – Tamil Nadu d/this-word-means-blood-moonlunar-eclipse-
Ancient India – Page No. 42 5282170/

Answer 80 : b
Answer 86 : c
Explanation :The revival of Brahmanism and the rise Source :https://www.thehindu.com/sci-
of Bhagavatism led to the fall of popularity of tech/energy-and-environment/minke-whale-
Buddhism. The use of Pali, the language of the masses hunting-ends-in-iceland-as-industry-
as the language of Buddhism was given up from the 1 st shuts/article24542253.ece
century A.D. The Buddhists began to adopt Sanskrit,
the language of the elite. After the birth of Mahayana Answer 87 : d
Buddhism, the practice of idol worship and making
offerings led to the deterioration of moral Source
standards. Moreover , the attack of the Huns in 5 th and :https://indianexpress.com/article/india/banka-
6th centuries and the Turkish invaders in 12th unnayan-among-three-finalists-in-commonwealth-
century destroyed the monasteries awards-in-innovation-category-5276444/
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MALUKA IAS PUNJAB PCS TEST -3
The Indian soft-shell turtle or Ganges soft-shell turtle is a
Answer 88: a species of soft-shell turtle found in South Asia in rivers such
Source :https://www.gbif.org/the-gbif-network
as the Ganges, Indus and Mahanadi.
Answer 89 : b
These turtles are often maintained in the temple ponds of
Source :https://www.thehindu.com/sci- Orissa where they are considered sacred.
tech/science/nasa-to-launch-probe-into-suns-
scorching-atmosphere/article24483909.ece https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-
environment/under-divine-care-turtles-swim-on-in-assams-
temple-tanks/article24139251.ece
Answer 90 : d

Source 95. Solution- c

:https://www.livemint.com/Industry/xx5DASBD0x
B9fgEPzKGwUO/Mint-Primer-What-is-Project- Explanation-
Sashakt-and-how-it-will-work.html
Both the statements are correct. The difference between total
Answer 91: a revenue and total expenditure of the government is termed
Explanation :
Statement 1 is correct : LokSabha Speaker as fiscal deficit.
committee of privilege consist of 15 members
nominated It is an indication of the total borrowings needed by the
Statement 2 is NOT correct : The function of Privilege government. While calculating the total revenue, borrowings
committee are semi judicial are not included.
Statement 3 is NOT Correct: Deputy Chairman NOT
Chairman heads the committee of privileges of
RajyaSabha
https://www.thehindu.com/business/budget/govt-misses-
fiscal-deficit-target-higher-at-35-in-
Source :Laxmikant , 5th edition , Page 23.7 fy18/article22619784.ece

https://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/why-the-fuss-
Answer 92 : b
about-fiscal-deficit/article22723770.ece
Source
:http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?
relid=181148 96. Solution- c

Answer 93 : a Explanation-

Source:https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ First statement is correct.

govt-approves-new-scheme-toempower-rural-
women/articleshow/65153291.cms Second statement is incorrect. The probe will use Venus’
gravity during seven flybys over nearly seven years to
gradually bring its orbit closer to the Sun.

The spacecraft will fly through the Sun’s atmosphere as

close as 6.2 million kilometres to our star’s surface, well
within the orbit of Mercury and closer than any spacecraft
has gone before.

Third statement is correct. The primary science goals for the

94. Solution- a mission are to trace how energy and heat move through the
solar corona and to explore what accelerates the solar wind
Explanation- as well as solar energetic particles.

First and Second statements are correct. 3rd statement is https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-in-school/nasas-

incorrect because they are also found in Bangladesh and parker-solar-probe-sends-back-first-
Pakistan. images/article25000598.ece

97. Solution- c

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MALUKA IAS PUNJAB PCS TEST -3
Explanation-  Extra copies of genes
 Missing Genes
Both the statements are correct.
https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-life/indian-
Cryptocurrency is a form of digital money that is designed american-scientist-awarded-65-million-for-cancer-
to be secure and, in many cases, anonymous. biomarkers/article24930444.ece
Cryptocurrency uses cryptography - a form of secret coding 100. Solution- a
originating from the Second World War – to process
transactions securely and to verify them. Explanation-

Unlike regular money, it has no physical presence and All the members of Panchayats at the village, intermediate
differs from regular transactions by using decentralised and district levels shall be elected directly by the people.
control as opposed to central banking systems rendering it Further, the chairperson of Panchayats at the intermediate
theoretically immune to government interference or and district levels shall be elected indirectly by and from
manipulation. amongst the elected members thereof. However, the
chairperson of a Panchayat at the village level shall be
https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/decoding- elected in such manner as the state legislature determines.
cryptocurrency/article25074075.ece

98. Solution- d

Explanation-

Fourth option is correct.

The OSIRIS-REx (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource

Identification, Security, Regolith Explorer) is a NASA
asteroid study and sample-return mission.

It was launched on 8 September, 2016 to study asteroid

101955 Bennu, a carbonaceous asteroid, and return a sample
to Earth on 24 September 2023 for detailed analysis. The
material returned is expected to enable scientists to learn
more about the formation and evolution of the Solar System,
its initial stages of planet formation, and the source of
organic compounds that led to the formation of life on Earth.

https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-in-school/first-
glimpse-of-asteroid-bennu/article24814428.ece

99. Solution- d

Explanation-

All of the above is correct.

Biomarkers are molecules that indicate normal or abnormal

process taking place in your body and may be a sign of an
underlying condition or disease.

Cancer biomarker can include-

 Proteins
 Gene Mutations (Changes)
 Gene rearrangements

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