GRADE
San Fabian National High School
San Fabian, Pangasinan
11/12
MODULE
in
INTRODUCTION TO
THE PHILOSOPHY OF
THE HUMAN PERSON
Quarter1 Module1
For queries, please contact us:
Name of Teacher Contact Number Messenger
JANELLE H. SERRAN 09209828059 Janelle Moina Halog Serran
1
LESSON 1: THE MEANING AND METHODS OF DOING PHILOSOPHY
The study of this subject is an initiation to the activity and process of philosophical reflection as a search for a
synoptic vision of life. At the end of the course, you should be able to reflect on their daily experiences from a holistic
point of view, acquire critical and analytical thinking skills and should be able to apply this critical and analytical thinking
skills to the affairs of daily life and become truthful, environment-friendly and service-oriented. Actively committed to the
development of a more humane society and articulate their own philosophy of life.
WHAT I KNOW?
INSTRUCTION: Write your answer in the space provided below.
What words come to mind when you hear the word Philosophy? Why do we need to study Philosophy?
Great job! Later we will see if your answers are correct by reading the rest of this module.
WHAT’S IN?
The word philosophy comes from two Greek words: philos (love) and sophia (wisdom). The ancient
Greeks used this term to refer to “love of wisdom” and they soon applied it to the study or discipline that uses
human reason to investigate the ultimate causes, reasons, and principles which govern all things.
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values,
reason, mind, and language.
Philosophy in simple words is a way of thinking about the world, the universe, and society. It works
by asking very basic questions about the nature of human thought, the nature of the universe, and the
connections between them. The ideas in philosophy are often general and abstract.
Philosophy is the study of humans and the world by thinking and asking questions. It is a science and
an art. Philosophy tries to answer important questions by coming up with answers about real things and
asking "why?"
WHAT’S NEW?
Do you know of some Greek Philosophers?
Philosophers- are people who engage in philosophy.
Direction: Identify the following person in the picture below. Write your answer on the space provided
below.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
2
WHAT IS IT?
The most notable ancient Greek philosophers are:
Pythagoras (570 BCE to 495 BCE)- A mathematician and scientist, he was credited with formulating the
Pythagorean theorem.
Heraclitus (535 BCe to 475 BCE)- He proposed that everything that exists is based on a higher order or plan
which he called logos.
Democritus (460 BCE to 370 BCE)- He devoted himself to the study of the causes of natural phenomena.
Diogenes of Sinope (412 BCE to 323 BCE)- He was a known advocate of living a simple and virtuous life.
Epicurus (341 BCE to 270 BCE)- He believed that philosophy could enable man to live a life of happiness.
Socrates (470 BCE to 399 BCE)- He was considered the foremost philosophers of ancient times. He was
credited with formulating the Socratic method- means of examining a topic by devising a series
of questions that let the learner examine and analyze his knowledge and views regarding the
topic.
Plato (427 BCE to 347 BCE)- A student of Socrates, he wrote down his mentor’s teaching and incorporated
some of his own ideas into them. Plato’s most significant ideas included his Theory of Forms,
which proposes that everything that exist is based on an idea or template than can only be
perceived in the mind. Plato is also known for his dialectic- a method of inquiry where two
opposing ideas are discussed in an attempt to arrive at new knowledge. Plato’s lasting
contribution to learning was his founding of the Academy, an institution of higher learning.
Aristotle (384 BCE to 322 BCE)- He attended the Academy, and was the prominent student of Plato. For
him, all ideas and views are based on perception and our reality is based on what we can sense
and perceive. His studies in logic led to the formulation of a formal process of analyzing
reasoning which give rise to deductive reasoning-the process by which specific statements are
analysed to reach a conclusion or generalization.
LESSON 1.1: THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HOLISTIC PERSPECTIVE FROM A
PARTIAL POINT OF VIEW
We have already discussed the meaning of Philosophy from our previous lesson. Now, let us proceed
to another topic.
Holistic thinking refers to a perspective that considers large-scale patterns in
systems. A holistic perspective requires an individual to have an open mindset and
ability to get the general sense or impression regarding a situation.
Partial thinking focuses on specific aspects of a situation. The partial view is an
important component of analytical thinking, as an individual focuses on certain
areas or aspects of a problem in order to understand it.
WHAT I KNOW?
Direction: Give a brief answer to the following question. Write your answer on the space provided below.
1. Give a situation where you are adopted a holistic view in looking at a problem or situation.
3
2. How can having a holistic view help us become better individuals.
WHAT’S IN
The term "holistic thinking" refers to a big picture mentality in which a person recognizes the
interconnectedness of various elements that form larger systems, patterns and objects. Thinking holistically
is the opposite of analyzing something, which involves breaking down a larger system into its details.
Holistic medicine is a prominent example of holistic thinking. A medical professional who believes in
holistic care considers the relationship between the mind, body and spirit. For example, holistic doctors don't
just provide patients with medications. Instead, they look at ways to improve life balance and eradicate health
problems from their root source, such as high stress or bad nutrition.
In philosophy, point of view describes the perception of an event or phenomenon and how exactly it
is viewed. Point of view often is shaped by an individual's beliefs or experiences. Though partial thinking is
useful, philosophy utilizes holistic thinking in making sense of problems and issues related to the human
experience.
People tend to apply an analytical perspective when looking at problems or situations. A holistic view
gives rise to a more appreciative perspective about life, as we are able to look at life in its totality.
TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OF THINKING
Study.com
LESSON 1.2: THE VALUE OF DOING PHILOSOPHY IN
OBTAINING A BROAD PERSPECTIVE ON LIFE
Why do we philosophize? We all have the potential to philosophize since we have the tendency to
wonder and doubt.
A philosopher is a good communicator who can clearly and adequately present his or her ideas.
Doing philosophy can be applied in day-to-day activities and life perspectives. Because it involves an
evaluative process, doing philosophy allows a person to make better decisions and act accordingly to
situations with the help of various philosophical skills. On life perspectives, philosophy enables reflective
thinking which greatly influences a person’s view of life, challenges, and relationships
In doing philosophy, a holistic perspective on the subject is always required. Failure to do so or only
using a partial point of view may lead to illogical or incorrect conclusions.
4
WHAT I KNOW
Direction: Give a brief answer to the following question. Write your answer in space provided below.
1. How can a person benefit from philosophizing?
2. What are the reasons that compel a person to engage in philosophical thinking?
WHAT’S IN
Plato traced man’s need to philosophize to his sense of wonder. Whenever we are confronted with
an experience, we always wonder how it came about.
French philosopher Rene Descartes traced the need to philosophize to doubt. In life, we will be faced
with several ideas and arguments which present themselves as “truths”. A critical and questioning perspective
is necessary to determine if indeed these ideas or views are correct or true.
Swiss-German philosopher Karl Jaspers saw the need to philosophize because of experience. These
experiences limit situation, philosophy provides us a means to understand adverse or challenging conditions,
and to rise above them and gain new knowledge and perspective.
The need to philosophize is driven by the
love for wisdom. To love wisdom is to have an
insatiable desire for truth.
Philosophy itself is a distinct area of
knowledge with its own goals, concerns, and ways
of doing things.
https://thefearlesshustle.com/
WHAT’S NEW?
Direction: Based on the picture below. Identify the branches of Philosophy. Write your answer on the
space provided.
PHILOSOPHY
5
WHAT IS IT?
The following are the branches of philosophy that deals with a particular aspect of life or phenomena.
Aesthetics is the branch of Philosophy which deals with beauty and what makes things “beautiful”.
Logic is branch of philosophy which deals with correct reasoning.
Epistemology discusses the nature of knowledge and knowing.
Ethics is the branch which deals with moral questions and dilemmas.
Political Philosophy studies governments and deals with questions of justice, power and the rights and
obligations of citizens.
Metaphysics is a branch of philosophy which deals with questions regarding reality and existence.
Philosophy of the Human Person-is an area in philosophy that understand the human person from a
philosophical perspective.
LESSON 1.3: DOING A PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION ON
A SITUATION FROM HOLISTIC PERSPECTIVE
Reflection requires a person to be willing to examine one’s thoughts, feelings, and
action and to learn more about one’s life and experiences.
Human self-reflection is the capacity of humans to exercise introspection and to
attempt to learn more about their fundamental nature and essence.
Philosophy has an important place in our daily lives. Engaging in philosophical
reflection leads to the development of beneficial skills that individuals can apply in
everyday situations.
WHAT I KNOW
Direction: Give a brief answer to the following question. Write your answer on the space provided below.
1. Have you ever had an experience where reflecting on your actions benefitted you?
2. Has reflection ever helped you avoid making a bad decision?
6
WHAT’S IN?
Reflection is vital in ensuring that our actions and decisions are well thought out and are done with
due regard for their implications and consequences on ourselves, others, and our surroundings.
When we reflect, we can judge whether our actions or decisions are reasonable or not.
Doing Philosophy enables a person to engage in critical analysis and interpretation of concepts,
definitions, arguments, and problems.
Doing Philosophy also improves problem-solving and decision making. The ability to analyze a problem
or dilemma, identify the significant aspects, and come up with alternative solutions is an important skill
learned through philosophy.
In the process of doing philosophy, it is critical to have a holistic point of view-the perception of looking
at all aspects of a situation first before making a conclusion.
Wisdom as it refers to a person’s ability to apply knowledge to daily life particularly in making sound
choices and judgment is the intended product of philosophizing.
Finally, knowledge of Philosophy can contribute to self-development.
Examples of activities that emanated
from a deliberate reflection
Learning from your previous mistakes and not repeating them
again
Evaluating and knowing the best choice from a set of options
Gaining a holistic point of view first before making any conclusion
WHAT’S NEW?
Direction: Complete the table below. Write your answer on the space provided.
ACTIONS WHAT MUST BE DONE BEFORE THE
ACTION?
1. Buying a new gadget
2. Choosing friends
3. Eating food
4. Deciding where to study in College
5. Joining an organization in school
6. Helping a stranger
7. Going out with friends
8. Posting your opinion or feelings in the social media
9. Going out with the opposite sex
10. Confronting a person who verbally hurt you
WHAT IS IT?
Based on your answers in Table 1, what must before making actions? Do you consider it helpful if you do
this before making actions? Why or why not?
Simple action seems to take a whole new meaning when one engages in reflection. Like buying a
new gadget, think of the questions you asked yourself as you consider buying the said item.
You may start with simple questions, but since we are in reflective and philosophizing mood, we try
and think of deeper questions and reflect on the situation.
7
WHAT’S MORE
Direction: TRUE OR FALSE. Write TRUE if the statement is correct otherwise choose FALSE. Write
your answer on the space provided.
1. Plato traced man’s need to philosophize to his sense of wonder.
2. The need to philosophize is driven by the love for wisdom.
3. This is an area in philosophy that understand the human person from a philosophical
perspective is holistic thinking.
4. Swiss-German philosopher Karl Jaspers saw the need to philosophize because of doubt.
5. Aesthetics is branch of philosophy which deals with beauty.
6. Ethics is a branch of philosophy which deals with correct reasoning.
7. Logic is a branch of philosophy which discusses the nature of knowledge and knowing.
8. Philosophy of the Human Person is a branch of philosophy which deals with moral questions
and dilemmas.
9. Metaphysics is branch of philosophy which deals with questions regarding reality and
existence.
10.Political Philosophy is branch of philosophy which studies governments and deals with
questions of justice, power and the rights and obligations of citizens.
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
Direction: Fill in the blanks. Write your answer on the space provided.
Experience Knowledge Greek
Holistic Thinking Partial Thinking Lover of Wisdom
Philosophy – comes from two ____________________word philos (love) and sophias
(wisdom) is the study of general and fundamental questions
about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.
Philosophers – or ______________________ people who are engage in philosophy.
A man needs to philosophize because of his sense of wonder, doubt and
______________________.
Philosophy does not limit itself to its own field as it makes sense of information gathered
from various fields of _________________________ (e.g., science, psychology,
economics, politics, etc.,)
Philosophy of the Human Person is an area in philosophy that understand the human
person from a philosophical perspective which involves holistic thinking and
_______________________.
Philosophical reflection is important in our daily lives as it ensures that our actions and
decisions are well thought by using a deeper, holistic perspective.
In doing philosophy, critical, logical, and analytical thinking, observation, and
communicative skills were involved.
8
WHAT I CAN DO
Direction: Write your answer on the space provided below.
1. List down instances in your life that you were able to engage in philosophy.
2. How did philosophy help you address your situation?
ASSESSEMENT
After our lesson, let us now check what you have learned.
Direction: encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. The word Philos is a Greek word means_________.
a. Love b. Wisdom c. Philosopher d. Philosophy
2. Sophia is a Greek word for ___________.
a. Love b. Wisdom c. Philosopher d. Philosophy
3. The people who engages in philosophy are called________.
a. Love b. wisdom c. Philosophy d. Philosopher
4. He was considered the foremost philosophers of ancient times. He was credited with formulating the
Socratic method___________.
a. Plato b. Aristotle c. Socrates d. Democritus
5. A student of Socrates, he wrote down his mentor’s teaching and incorporated some of his own ideas
into them included his Theory of Forms________.
a. Plato b. Aristotle c. Socrates d. Democritus
6. It refers to a perspective that considers large-scale patterns in systems______.
a. Doubt b. Academy c. Holistic Thinking d. Partial Thinking
7. It focuses on specific aspects of a situation, as an individual focuses on certain areas or aspects of a
problem in order to understand it.
a. Doubt b. Academy c. Holistic Thinking d. Partial Thinking
8. It is the process by which specific statements are analysed to reach a conclusion or generalization.
a. Academy b. Deductive reasoning c. Holistic d. Partial
9. It requires a person to be willing to examine one’s thoughts, feelings, and action and to learn more
about one’s life and experiences.
a. Reflection b. Observation c. Knowledge d. Doubts
10. The Greek term for philosophy, philosophia, means ___.
a. Holistic Thinking d. Partial Thinking c. Love of wisdom d. Knowledge
Congratulations!
You have completed your journey in this module. You did a great job!
It’s now time to go on to the next adventure…Good luck!
9
SUBJECT: INTRO. TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON
NAME: ______________________________________________
GRADE LEVEL AND SECTION: ____________________________
QUARTER 1
SUBJECT TEACHER: JANELLE H. SERRAN
ADVISER: ____________________________________________ MODULE 1
WHAT’S MORE
Direction: TRUE OR FALSE. Write TRUE if the statement is correct otherwise choose FALSE. Write
your answer on the space provided. (Page 8)
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
Direction: Fill in the blanks. Write your answer on the space provided.
Experience Knowledge Greek
Holistic Thinking Partial Thinking Lover of Wisdom
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
WHAT I CAN DO
Direction: Write your answer on the space provided below.(in 3-5 sentences only)
1. List down instances in your life that you were able to engage in philosophy.
2. How did philosophy help you address your situation?
ASSESSMENT
1. 6. NOTE: YOU MAY USE A SEPARATE
SHEET IF SPACE PROVIDED IS NOT
2. 7. ENOUGH, BUT BE SURE TO INCLUDE
3. 8. THIS PAGE WHEN PASSING YOUR
ANSWERSHEET.
4. 9.
5. 10.
10
