UNIVERSITY OF THE CORDILLERAS

GOV. PACK ROAD, BAGUIO CITY

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY

ASSIGNMENT # 11 AIR AND WATER POLLUTIONS

NAME: Lagyot, Japhet Oscar Dave DATE: November 20, 2022

SCHEDULE: MT 7:30-9:30

INSTRUCTION: RESEARCH THE FOLLOWING

Air pollution and Air pollution Control

1. Introduction
-Air pollution is the contamination of air due to the presence of substances in the atmosphere that
are harmful to the health of humans and other living beings, or cause damage to the climate or to
materials. There are many different types of air pollutants, such as gases, particulates, and
biological molecules.
2. Sources or Causes
-Household combustion devices, motor vehicles, industrial facilities and forest fires are common
sources of air pollution. Pollutants of major public health concern include particulate matter,
carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide.
3. Effects
-From smog hanging over cities to smoke inside the home, air pollution poses a major threat to
health and climate. Ambient (outdoor) air pollution in both cities and rural areas is causing fine
particulate matter which result in strokes, heart diseases, lung cancer, acute and chronic
respiratory diseases.
4. Ways to prevent or limit air pollution
-Drive your car less. ...
Keep your car in good repair. ...
Turn off your engine. ...
Don't burn your garbage. ...
Limit backyards fire in the city. ...
Plant and care for trees. ...
Switch to electric or hand-powered lawn equipment. ...
Use less energy.

5. Technologies to prevent or limit air pollution

- Multi-Pollutant Monitoring Devices.
Catalytic Converters.
Scrubbers.
Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and Hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) Substitutes.
Low-Emitting Stoves and Heaters.
VOC-Free Consumer Products and Building Materials.

6. Philippine National laws about Air Pollution

-Republic Act No. 8749, otherwise known as the Philippine Clean Air Act, is a comprehensive
air quality management policy and program which aims to achieve and maintain healthy air for
all Filipinos.
7. RITMT of Baguio City
-The RITMT is a program of the City Government to step up its campaign against air pollution
by clamping down on smoke-belching vehicles. The RITMT conducts inspection, testing, and
apprehension of vehicles at random areas in the city based on emission standards set under the
City's Clean Air Ordinance of 2008.
8. Greenhouse effect
-The greenhouse effect is a process that occurs when energy from a planet's host star goes
through its atmosphere and heats the planet's surface, but greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
prevent some of the heat from returning directly to space, resulting in a warmer planet.

1
9. Ozone depletion
-When chlorine and bromine atoms come into contact with ozone in the stratosphere, they
destroy ozone molecules. One chlorine atom can destroy over 100,000 ozone molecules before it
is removed from the stratosphere. Ozone can be destroyed more quickly than it is naturally
created.
10. Acid rain
- is rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it has elevated
levels of hydrogen ions. Most water, including drinking water, has a neutral pH that exists
between 6.5 and 8.5, but acid rain has a pH level lower than this and ranges from 4–5 on
average.
11. Global Warming
-Global warming is the long-term heating of Earth's surface observed since the pre-industrial
period (between 1850 and 1900) due to human activities, primarily fossil fuel burning, which
increases heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels in Earth's atmosphere. This term is not
interchangeable with the term "climate change."
12. Climate Change
-Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. These shifts may
be natural, but since the 1800s, human activities have been the main driver of climate change,
primarily due to the burning of fossil fuels (like coal, oil and gas), which produces heat-trapping
gases.

Water pollution, Water conservation and Management

1. Introduction
- Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, usually as a result of human activities, so
that it negatively affects its uses. Water bodies include lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers, reservoirs
and groundwater. Water pollution results when contaminants are introduced into these water
bodies
2. Sources or Causes
- 1- Sewage or wastewater: The waste from households, factories, or agricultural land gets
discharged into rivers or lakes. ...
2- Dumping: ...
3- Oil pollution: ...
4- Acid rain: ...
5- Industrial waste: ...

3. Effects
-Destruction of biodiversity. Water pollution depletes aquatic ecosystems and triggers
unbridled proliferation of phytoplankton in lakes — eutrophication —.
Contamination of the food chain. ...
Lack of potable water. ...
Disease. ...
Infant mortality.

4. Ways to prevent or limit water pollution

1.- Pick up litter and throw it away in a garbage can.
2.Blow or sweep fertilizer back onto the grass if it gets onto paved areas. ...
3.Mulch or compost grass or yard waste. ...
4.Wash your car or outdoor equipment where it can flow to a gravel or grassy area instead of a
street.

5. Technologies to prevent or limit water pollution

-Precision irrigation, for example, not only saves water but also uses lower doses of fungicides,
herbicides and pesticides – which in turn reduces water pollution. New sensor-based Internet of
Things technology, for example, can determine exactly when water is needed and in what
quantity.
6. Philippine National laws about water pollution

2
-The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 (Republic Act No. 9275) aims to protect the country's
water bodies from pollution from land-based sources (industries and commercial establishments,
agriculture and community/household activities).
7. Revival of Pasig river and Balili river
-No amount of waste extraction and dredging will bring the river back to life unless people and
businesses stop dumping their wastes and do their share. Rehabilitating Pasig River will need
extreme amounts of political will on the part of the DENR and the local government units.

In conclusion, all efforts to save and revive the Balili River should be supported but it's also
worth noting the fact that the river can never be restored to its original state. The quality of the
water that flows through it can be improved and the amount of wastes dumped into it can be
lessened.
8. Fish kills
-A fish kill is the sudden and unexpected death of a number of fish or other aquatic animals such
as crabs or prawns over a short period of time and often within a particular area in the wild. Fish
kills have been recorded in Australia and overseas for thousands of years and are often the result
of natural events.
9. Red tide
-Red tides, also called harmful algal blooms (HABs), occur when microscopic algae multiply to
higher-than-normal concentrations, often discoloring the water. Although more than 50 HAB
species occur in the Gulf of Mexico, one of the most well-known species is Karenia brevis, the
red tide organism.
10. Oil spills
-An oil spill is oil, discharged accidentally or intentionally, that floats on the surface of water
bodies as a discrete mass and is carried by the wind, currents and tides.
11. Water treatment plant
-A water treatment plant is a destination where wastewater (water which is no longer fit for its
current purpose) moves to once it leaves homes and businesses through sewage pipes. The
sewage system contains miles of pipes below ground where wastewater flows to the treatment
plant for processing.
REFERENCES: