Experiment No:08
Experiment Name: Study on drafting system of Draw frame machine.
Introduction:
Draw Frame is the machine where the slivers are doubled or combined, blended & mixed,
leveled and attenuated transiently through a series of pairs of rollers. In the drafting arrangement
each pair of rollers move faster than the prior one. The key purpose of implementing draw
frames to spinning procedure is to develop the yarn quality, particularly yarn evenness through
increasing sliver quality. A couple of draw frames are generally used in the dealing out of
doubling and drafting of the card slivers known as breaker draw frame and finisher draw frame.
In combing process, these draw frames are denoted as pre-comb draw frame and post-comb draw
frame respectively.
Functions of Draw Frame:
Equalizing :One of the focal responsibilities of the draw frame is refining evenness over the
short, medium and long term. Card slivers served to the draw frame possess a degree of
unevenness that cannot be acknowledged for producing yarn.
Parallelizing: Attaining an optimum value for tenacity in the yarn, the fibers need to be
aligned parallel in the fiber strands by drafting process.
Blending: Into the bargain of equalizing influence, doubling also offers a top notch of
compensation of raw material disparity by blending. Here diverse types of fiber can be combined
altogether to acquire a particular blend ratio. E.g. 65:35 PC, 55:45 CVC etc.
Dust Removal :The draw frame is an upright dust eliminating instrument. High performance
draw frames are fitted out with proper suction systems. The draw frame extracts more than 80 %
of the incoming dust.
Drafting
Drawing
Doubling
Drafting:
The process of decreasing the thickness or linear density of the input material by
attenuation is known as drafting. The feed supplies may be lap, sliver and roving etc.
Doubling:
The practice of merging two or more slivers, roving or yarns into one. This stint is not limited to
the arrangement of two units only.
Drawing:
The process of combining and attenuating the slivers simultaneously is denoted as drawing. A
drafting without doubling is not a good practice for the slivers and vice versa.
Elements of Drafting Arrangement:
The primary elements of draw frame’s drafting arrangement are stated below-
1. Bottom roller
2. Top roller
3. Top roller pressure
Top
Bottom Drafting process
Top roller pressure
roller
arm
1.Bottom Roller :
Bottom rollers are made of steel driven from main gear transmission. The bottom rollers are
following type:
I. Axial flutes.
II. Spiral flutes.
III. Knurled flutes.
Bottom Roller
2.Top Roller:
Top rollers are not positively driven. They are driven with the surface contact of the bottom
roller. Top rollers are coated with synthetic rubber. The hardness of rubber should be adjusted
carefully. Hardness is specified in terms of degree shore.
Soft 60-70 o shore
Medium 70-90 o shore
Hard above 90 o shore
Types of Drafting Arrangements :
Conventional 4-o-4 roller drafting system.
3-0-4 roller drafting system.
3-0-3 roller drafting system with pressure bars.
4-0-3 roller drafting system with pressure bars.
5-0-4 roller drafting system.
Drafting occurs inTwo zone:
Back zone
Front zone
Back Zone Break Draft
Break draft formula =V2/V1
Front zone Main Draft
Main draft formula =V3/V4
2m 2 times 4m 3 times 12m
2m2
2x3=6times increase .
Total Draft Formula is. V2/V1 X V3/V4.
Conclusion:
To parallelization of fiber and blending the carded sliver, draw frame is needed. Jute draw frame
is very necessary for producing jute drawn sliver. So, we should learn about this experiment very
carefully and sincerely. By this Experiment we learn a lot about this Draw frame and get
Practical Experience about Operation of this and in front of my view this Practical Experience
will help us in our Future job life.
