Name: ____________________________ Date: _________
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
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3. What are fragments of rock that form during a volcanic 1. What is a vent or fissure in Earth's surface through which
eruption? magma and gases are expelled?
4. What is any activity that includes the movement of magma 2. What is an area on Earth's surface where no direct seismic
toward or onto Earth's surface? waves from a particular earthquake can be detected?
5. What is the location within Earth along a fault at which the 6. What is an area along a fault where relatively few
first motion of an earthquake occurs? earthquakes have occurred recently but where strong
9. What is a large, circular depression that forms when the earthquakes are known to have occurred in the past?
magma chamber below a volcano partially empties and causes 7. What is the sudden return of elastically deformed rock to its
the ground above to sink? underformed shape?
15. What is a movement or trembling of the ground that is 8. What is a primary wave, or compression wave?
caused by a sudden release of energy when rocks along a fault 10. What is a region of numerous, closely spaced faults?
move? 11. What is a giant ocean wave that forms after a volcanic
16. What is a seismic wave that travels the body of a medium? eruption, submarine, earthquake, or landslide?
17. What is an instrument that records vibrations in the ground? 12. What is the point on Earth's surface directly above an
20. What is a secondary wave, or shear wave? earthquake's starting point, or focus?
22. What is the amount of damage caused by an earthquake? 13. What is magma that flows into Earth's surface?
23. What is a tracing of earthquake motion that is recorded by a 14. What is igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron and
seismograph? that is generally dark in color?
24. What describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in 18. What is a measure of the strength of an earthquake?
feldspar and silica and that is generally light in color? 19. What is a volcanically active area of Earth's surace?
25. What is liquid rock produced under Earth's surface? 21. What is a seismic wave that travels along the surface of an
medium and that has a stronger effect near the surface of the
medium than it has in the interior?
1.Earth's outermost layer is the _________________.
o A. Core
o B. Crust
o C. Mantle
o D. Plat
2. The middle of Earth's three layers is the __________________.
o A. Core
o B. Crust
o C. Mantle
o D. Plate
3. The innermost layer of Earth is the __________________.
o A. Core
o B. Crust
o C. Mantle
o D. Plate
4. A volcano can fall in on itself, creating a large basin called ________________.
o A. A crater
o B. An epicenter
o C. A fault
o D. A plate
5. A break in the Earth's crust along which rocks move is called __________.
o A. An earthquake
o B. An epicenter
o C. A fault
o D. A volcano
6. The point underground where the earthquake's movement first takes place is called the ________.
o A. Crater
o B. Epicenter
o C. Fault
o D. Focus
7. The point on Earth's surface right above the spot where the first movement of an earthquake occurs is called the
earthquake's ________.
o A. Crater
o B. Epicenter
o C. Fault
o D. Focus
8. Melted rock that reaches Earth's surface is called _____________.
o A. Crust
o B. Iron
o C. Lava
o D. Magma
9. Melted rock inside the Earth is called _______.
o A. Crust
o B. Iron
o C. Lava
o D. Magma
10. A _______ is a tube in a volcano that carries hot melted rock to the surface.
o A. Crater
o B. Fault
o C. Magma chamber
o D. Vent
11.
An underground holding pool for hot magma is called a ________________.
o A.
Magma chamber
o B.
Crater
o C.
Fault
o D.
Vent
12.
What is Earth's hottest layer?
o A.
Crust
o B.
Mantle
o C.
Core
o D.
Ocean floor
13.
Earth's plates move very slowly across Earth's surface on a thin layer of
partly melted _____.
o A.
Core
o B.
Mantle
o C.
Volcanic ash
o D.
Crust
14.
Scientists can _________ earthquakes by using seismographs, the Mercalli
scale, and the Richter scale.
o A.
Measure
o B.
Predict
o C.
Weaken
o D.
Cause
15.
California has more than 20,000 earthquakes each year because there is a
large ________ running through the state.
o A.
Epicenter
o B.
River
o C.
Crater
o D.
Fault
16.
Some volcanoes form new_______ as plates move apart and magma rises
to the surface of the crust.
o A.
Volcanoes
o B.
Ocean floor
o C.
Earthquakes
o D.
Mantle
17.
Different kinds of _______ form different kinds of volcanic mountains.
o A. Eruptions
o B. Cinders
o C.
Slopes
o D.
Energy waves
