Chapter 17----Quadrilaterals
Grade 6--- CW
• A simple closed figure bonded by four line segments is called a quadrilateral.
• Adjacent sides : Two sides of a quadrilateral which have a common end point are
called its adjacent sides.
• Opposite sides: Two sides of a quadrilateral which do not have a common end point
are called its opposite sides.
• Adjacent angles : Two angles of a quadrilateral having a common side are called its
adjacent angles.
• Opposite angles : Two angles of a quadrilateral which are not adjacent angles are
known as the opposite angles of the quadrilateral.
• Diagonals of a quadrilateral : The line segment joining the opposite vertices of a
quadrilateral is called a diagonal of the quadrilateral.
• Perimeter of a quadrilateral : The sum of the lengths of all the four sides of a
quadrilateral is called its perimeter.
• Angle sum property of a quadrilateral : The sum of all the four angles of a
quadrilateral is 360o.
Various types of quadrilateral
Trapezium : A quadrilateral having one and only one pair of opposite sides parallel is
called a trapezium. The non parallel sides of a trapezium are called oblique sides.
Isosceles Trapezium : If the two non parallel sides of a trapezium are equal, it is
known as an isosceles trapezium.
Parallelogram : A quadrilateral in which both pairs of opposite sides are parallel is
called a parallelogram.
Properties of parallelogram:
• The opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal and parallel.
• The opposite angle of a parallelogram are equal.
• The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.
Rectangle : A parallelogram in which each angle is a right angle is called a rectangle.
Properties of a rectangle:
• Opposite sides of a rectangle are parallel and equal.
• Each angle of a rectangle is 90o or right angle.
• Diagonals of a rectangle are equal.
Square : A parallelogram in which all the sides are equal and each angle is a right
angle, is called a square.
Properties of a square :
• All the sides of a square are equal.
• Each angle of a square is 90o or right angle.
• The diagonals of a square are equal and bisect each other at right angles.
Rhombus : A parallelogram in which all sides are equal is called a rhombus.
Properties of a rhombus :
• The opposite sides of a rhombus are parallel.
• All sides of a rhombus are equal.
• The opposite angles of a rhombus are equal.
• The diagonals of a rhombus bisect each other at right angles.
Kite : A quadrilateral which has two pairs of equal adjacent sides but unequal
opposite sides is called a kite.
Exercise 17 A
Q 1, Q2, Q3 to be done in TB during class.
Q4, 5, 6, 7, 17, 18 not there
Q 8] Three angles of a quadrilateral measure 36o, 78o and 116o respectively. Find the
measure of the fourth angle.
Ans: let the measure of 4th angle be y
We know that the sum of all the angles of a quadrilateral is 360 o
Therefore 36o + 78o + 116o + yo = 360o
230o + y = 360o
y = 360 o – 230o = 130o
Q 9] The measures of the angles of a quadrilateral are in the ratio 2:4:5:7. Find the
measure of each of its angles.
Ans: let the measure of angles be 2x, 4x, 5x and 7x
According to angle sum property of quadrilateral
2x + 4x+ 5x + 7x = 360 deg
18x = 360 deg
x = 20
1st angle = 2 x20 = 40 deg
2nd angle = 4 x 20 = 80 deg
3rd angle = 5 x 20 = 100 deg
4th angle = 7 x 20 = 140 deg
Q 11] Two angles of a quadrilateral are of measures 75o and 117o respectively and
the other two angles are equal. Find the measure of each of the equal angles.
Ans: Let the measure of the each equal angles be yo
According to angle sum property of quadrilateral
75o + 117o + yo + yo = 360o
192o + 2y = 360o
2y = 360 – 192 = 168
y = 84o
therefore the measure of each equal angles is 84 deg.
Q 13] The lengths of two adjacent sides of a parallelogram are 7 cm and 5 cm
respectively. Find the perimeter of the parallelogram.
Ans: Opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal
The length of the sides of the parallelogram are 7 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm and 5 cm.
Perimeter = (7 + 5 + 7 + 5) cm = 24 cm
Q 15] The perimeter of a parallelogram is 88 cm and one of its adjacent sides is
longer than the other by 10 cm. Find the length of each of its sides.
Ans: let one of the side be x cm
Therefore the length of the adjacent is x + 10 cm
Perimeter = x + x + x + 10 + x + 10
88 = 4x + 20
4x = 88 – 20
4x = 68
x = 17 cm
the length of one side is 17 cm
the length of the adjacent side = 17 + 10 = 27 cm
the length of each sides are 17 cm, 27cm, 17cm and 27 cm.
