Chemistry for Changing Times, 14e (Hill/McCreary)

Chapter 18 Drugs

18.1 Multiple Choice Questions

1) Which of the following provides the best definition of a drug? It is a chemical substance that
A) is a pain-reliever.
B) can be used to treat an illness.
C) can be used to improve one's state of health or well-being.
D) affects the functioning of living things.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.1
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry, Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society, and Global 8: Communicate
effectively in writing.
Learning Obj: LO 18.1 Identify common drugs as natural, semisynthetic, or synthetic.

2) Which of the following is NOT a natural source of drugs?

A) Madagascar periwinkle
B) poppies
C) microorganisms
D) All are natural sources of drugs.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 18.1
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.1 Identify common drugs as natural, semisynthetic, or synthetic.

3) Which of the following is NOT a semisynthetic drug?

A) aspirin
B) heroin
C) LSD
D) morphine
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.1
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Obj: LO 18.1 Identify common drugs as natural, semisynthetic, or synthetic.

1
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
4) Studies seem to indicate that small daily doses of aspirin lower the risk of
A) heart attack.
B) anthrax.
C) cancer.
D) polio.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

5) The evidence that aspirin may lower risk of stroke seems to be related to its
A) antipyretic properties.
B) analgesic properties.
C) anti-inflammatory properties.
D) anti-coagulant properties.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

6) Prolonged use of aspirin may lead to

A) mental disorders.
B) gastrointestinal problems.
C) joint swelling.
D) liver damage.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

7) Salicyclic acid, the precursor to aspirin, is found in

A) ginkgo leaves.
B) willow leaves.
C) oak bark.
D) star fruit.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

2
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
8) NSAIDs
A) encourage blood clotting.
B) slow down baldness.
C) reduce body temperature.
D) reduce nausea.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

9) You want a very powerful pain reliever that is significantly "stronger than aspirin" to relieve pain
following surgery. You get it by
A) taking Excedrin.
B) taking Anacin.
C) taking Advil.
D) obtaining a prescription.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

10) A "nonaspirin pain reliever" usually does NOT mean

A) a stronger dose of aspirin.
B) naproxen.
C) ibuprofen.
D) caffeine.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

3
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
11) The fact that acetaminophen is prescribed more frequently in hospitals than aspirin is probably due to
the fact that acetaminophen is NOT
A) an anticoagulant.
B) an antipyretic.
C) an anti-inflammatory.
D) synthetic.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

12) Which of the following is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)?

A) acetaminophen.
B) caffeine.
C) phenacetin.
D) ibuprofen.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

13) An antipyretic is a drug that relieves

A) fever.
B) inflammation.
C) allergic symptoms.
D) pain.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

4
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
14) After dental surgery, the physician usually recommends acetaminophen rather than aspirin for relief
of pain because
A) acetaminophen is less expensive.
B) acetaminophen is more effective for relief of pain.
C) acetaminophen is more effective for reduction of inflammation.
D) aspirin promotes bleeding.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

15) Which of the following types of drugs would be used as a pain reliever?
A) analgesic
B) antibiotic
C) antipyretic
D) anticoagulant
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

16) The only expectorant that the FDA panel has approved to be safe and effective is
A) ephedrine.
B) codeine.
C) cocaine.
D) guaifenesin.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

5
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
17) According to the author of the text, which of the following is believed by many to the best treatment
for the common cold?
A) chicken soup
B) antitussives
C) expectorants
D) nasal decongestants
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

18) Antihistamines are chemicals that

A) cure colds.
B) relieve some of the symptoms of allergies and colds.
C) relieve aches and pains associated with colds and flu.
D) relieve fevers.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

19) Which of the following symptoms will be relieved by antihistamines?

A) sleeplessness.
B) drowsiness.
C) irritability.
D) sneezing and runny nose.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

20) A substance that causes an allergic reaction triggers the release of a class of substances known as
A) allergens.
B) antibodies.
C) antigens.
D) histamines.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

6
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
21) Which of the following types of drugs would be used as a cough suppressant?
A) analgesic
B) anticoagulant
C) antipyretic
D) antitussive
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

22) An expectorant
A) reduces the swelling of nasal passages.
B) helps bring up mucus from the bronchial passages.
C) lowers a fever.
D) increases the effectiveness of neurotransmitters.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

23) A "black box" warning is

A) a list of ingredients in a black box.
B) the strongest warning a medicine label can provide.
C) a list of uses in a black box.
D) dosage requirements in a black box.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

24) An example of a narcotic is

A) aspirin.
B) naproxen.
C) meperidine.
D) vitamin E.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.4 Name several common narcotics, describe how each functions, and state its
potential for addiction.

7
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
25) A side effect of morphine use is
A) itching.
B) hair less.
C) constipation.
D) flu symptons.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 48 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.4 Name several common narcotics, describe how each functions, and state its
potential for addiction.

26) Endorphins appear to be the body's own

A) analgesics.
B) antipyretics.
C) anti-inflammatories.
D) anticoagulants.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

27) Endorphins are composed of

A) morphinelike molecules.
B) amino acids.
C) glucose.
D) nucleic acids.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

28) There is some evidence that ________ are produced by humans during acupuncture.
A) acetaminophen molecules
B) endorphin molecules
C) aspirin molecules
D) all of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

8
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
29) In the nineteenth century, this natural product was a common ingredient in many "patent medicines."
A) acetaminophen
B) novocaine
C) LSD
D) opium
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.4 Name several common narcotics, describe how each functions, and state its
potential for addiction.

30) "Soldier's disease" after the U.S. Civil War was

A) dysentery.
B) infection.
C) blindness.
D) morphine addiction.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.4 Name several common narcotics, describe how each functions, and state its
potential for addiction.

31) Codeine is usually produced as a

A) completely synthetic drug.
B) slight chemical modification of cocaine.
C) slight chemical modification of morphine.
D) slight chemical modification of opium.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.4 Name several common narcotics, describe how each functions, and state its
potential for addiction.

32) Heroin is an easy to prepare derivative of

A) morphine.
B) codeine.
C) cocaine.
D) phenobarbital.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.4 Name several common narcotics, describe how each functions, and state its
potential for addiction.

9
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
33) The frequency of heroin overdose among heroin addicts is probably the result of
A) decreasing tolerance to the drug.
B) variable quality control among heroin suppliers.
C) synergistic effects with alcohol.
D) reuse of hypodermic needles.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.4 Name several common narcotics, describe how each functions, and state its
potential for addiction.

34) Which compound was originally proposed as a "cure" for morphine addiction?
A) codeine
B) heroin
C) cocaine
D) aspirin
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.4 Name several common narcotics, describe how each functions, and state its
potential for addiction.

35) Methadone, an addictive narcotic, is used as a treatment for

A) schizophrenia.
B) high blood pressure.
C) depression.
D) heroin addiction.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.4 Name several common narcotics, describe how each functions, and state its
potential for addiction.

36) Drugs that block the action of other substances are called
A) agonists.
B) antagonists.
C) addictives.
D) analgesics.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.4 Name several common narcotics, describe how each functions, and state its
potential for addiction.

10
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
37) Heroin antagonists are effective at
A) speeding up the breakdown of heroin.
B) chemically modifying heroin to make it less narcotic.
C) enhancing the euphoria associated with heroin.
D) blocking the binding of heroin to receptors in the brain.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.4 Name several common narcotics, describe how each functions, and state its
potential for addiction.

38) The discovery of opiate receptors in the human brain led to the discovery of
A) amphetamines.
B) barbiturates.
C) endorphins.
D) LSD.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.4 Name several common narcotics, describe how each functions, and state its
potential for addiction.

39) In 1900, the leading cause of death in the United States was
A) heart disease.
B) infectious disease.
C) cancer.
D) stroke.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.

40) The first antibacterial drugs were

A) sulfa drugs.
B) ibuprofen.
C) penicillin.
D) naproxin.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 48 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.5 List the common antibacterial drugs, and describe the action of each.

11
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
41) In 1900, half of the top ten causes of death in the United States were related to
A) heart disease.
B) infections.
C) cancer.
D) accidents.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.

42) In 2009, the leading cause of death in the United States was
A) heart disease.
B) infectious disease.
C) cancer.
D) accidents.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.

43) The simplest sulfa drug is

A) fluoroquinolone.
B) ephedrine.
C) sulfanilamide.
D) iodine.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Obj: LO 18.5 List the common antibacterial drugs, and describe the action of each.

44) One of the disadvantages of sulfa drugs is

A) damage to the kidneys.
B) damage to the brain.
C) that they cause euphoria.
D) damage to the liver.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.5 List the common antibacterial drugs, and describe the action of each.

12
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
45) Which antibacterial drug interferes with the formation of cell walls in bacteria?
A) sulfa drugs
B) penicillin
C) tetracyclines
D) PABA
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.5 List the common antibacterial drugs, and describe the action of each.

46) Compounds related to penicillins are

A) cephalosporins.
B) NSAIDs.
C) opiates.
D) sulfanilamides.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry.
Learning Obj: LO 18.5 List the common antibacterial drugs, and describe the action of each.

47) Tetracyclines bind to bacterial ribosomes and inhibit bacterial

A) energy conversion.
B) cell membrane formation.
C) DNA replication in the cell nucleus.
D) protein synthesis.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Obj: LO 18.5 List the common antibacterial drugs, and describe the action of each.

48) Drugs in the tetracycline group are called broad-spectrum antibiotics because they
A) require exposure to light in order to be effective.
B) are active against a wide variety of bacteria.
C) have very few side-effects.
D) do not have any organisms that are resistant to them.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Obj: LO 18.5 List the common antibacterial drugs, and describe the action of each.

13
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
49) Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a
A) bacterial infection.
B) viral infection.
C) mutagenic disease.
D) genetically inherited disease.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.

50) HIV is the virus that causes

A) AIDS.
B) hypertension.
C) the common cold.
D) chickenpox.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.

51) ddI is a drug used to treat

A) AIDS.
B) chickenpox.
C) vomiting.
D) herpes.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 28 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.6 Name the common categories of antiviral drugs, and describe the action of each.

52) The genetic material of a virus is

A) always DNA.
B) either DNA or RNA.
C) always RNA.
D) neither RNA or DNA.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.6 Name the common categories of antiviral drugs, and describe the action of each.

14
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
53) Viruses are usually composed of combinations of
A) carbohydrates and nucleic acids.
B) proteins and nucleic acids.
C) fats and proteins.
D) proteins and carbohydrates.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.

54) In infected cells, DNA viruses directly

A) interfere with DNA replication.
B) interfere with cell membrane construction.
C) interfere with protein synthesis.
D) interfere with all of the above cell processes.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.

55) Retroviruses are

A) RNA viruses that synthesize DNA.
B) RNA viruses that interfere directly with protein synthesis.
C) DNA viruses that synthesize RNA.
D) DNA viruses that interfere directly with protein synthesis.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.

56) In infected cells, RNA viruses directly

A) interfere with carbohydrate synthesis.
B) interfere with cell membrane construction.
C) interfere with protein synthesis.
D) interfere with all of the above cell processes.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.

57) Which of the following are NOT used as antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV and AIDS?
A) antipyretics
B) nucleoside analogs
C) protease inhibitors
D) reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.6 Name the common categories of antiviral drugs, and describe the action of each.

15
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
58) Which of the following is NOT true of combinatorial chemistry?
A) A set of chemicals is reacted to form all possible combinations.
B) Each product is tested for biological activity.
C) The process of combinatorial chemistry is highly automated.
D) Most of the compounds made are used as effective drugs.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.

59) Which of the following statements about vaccines is NOT correct?

A) Smallpox vaccinations are no longer given in the United States.
B) The MMR vaccine should be given to children before they enter kindergarten.
C) There is no proven link between the MMR vaccine and autism.
D) One of the earliest vaccines protected people against smallpox.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.6 Name the common categories of antiviral drugs, and describe the action of each.

60) One class of cancer drugs is the antimetabolites. These compounds interfere with
A) DNA synthesis.
B) energy conversion.
C) protein synthesis.
D) cell membrane production.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.4
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.7 Describe the action of the common types of anticancer drugs.

61) Some nitrogen mustards that were originally developed as chemical warfare agents are used in the
treatment of
A) hypertension.
B) viral infection.
C) cancer.
D) AIDS.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 18.4
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.7 Describe the action of the common types of anticancer drugs.

16
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
62) Nitrogen mustards are
A) bifunctional alkylating agents that act by cross-linking two DNA strands.
B) antimetabolites that are incorporated into proteins.
C) pseudo fatty acids that interfere with the synthesis of cell membranes.
D) quaternary amines that inhibit cell division.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.4
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.7 Describe the action of the common types of anticancer drugs.

63) Nitrogen mustards have been proven particularly effective against which type of cancer?
A) leukemia
B) lung cancer
C) stomach cancer
D) brain cancer
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.4
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.7 Describe the action of the common types of anticancer drugs.

64) A widely used anticancer drug is methotrexate. Methotrexate is a(n)

A) antimetabolite agent.
B) alkylating agent.
C) radioactive agent.
D) light induced agent.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.4
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.7 Describe the action of the common types of anticancer drugs.

65) The nitrogen mustards act by attaching ________ groups to compounds of biological importance.
A) carboxyl
B) amine
C) chlorine
D) alkyl
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.4
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.7 Describe the action of the common types of anticancer drugs.

17
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
66) The nitrogen mustard used in drug therapy is
A) HN1.
B) HN2.
C) Cytoxan.
D) HN3.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.4
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.7 Describe the action of the common types of anticancer drugs.

67) Hormones are produced by the

A) cardiovascular system.
B) central nervous system.
C) endocrine system.
D) auditory system.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.8 Define the terms hormone, prostaglandin, and steroid, and explain the function of
each.

68) A class of molecules that works at very low concentrations in mediating hormonal activity has been
studied and used to treat a variety of problems, including blood pressure, heart disease, and asthma. This
group of compounds is known as the
A) hormones.
B) prostaglandins.
C) amino acids.
D) polymers.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 48 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.8 Define the terms hormone, prostaglandin, and steroid, and explain the function of
each.

69) Cholesterol is an example of

A) a steroid with very specific hormonal activity.
B) a steroid with very general hormonal activity.
C) a steroid with reproductive hormonal activity.
D) a steroid with no known hormonal activity.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Obj: LO 18.8 Define the terms hormone, prostaglandin, and steroid, and explain the function of
each.

18
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
70) The female sex hormones that control the development of female characteristics are called
A) cortisols.
B) estrogens.
C) NSAIDs.
D) androgens.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.9 List the three types of sex hormones, and explain how each acts and how birth
control drugs work.

71) Male sex hormones are produced in the

A) brain.
B) adrenal gland.
C) testes.
D) pancreas.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.9 List the three types of sex hormones, and explain how each acts and how birth
control drugs work.

72) The female sex hormone that is particularly important during pregnancy is
A) androgen.
B) estrogen.
C) estradiol.
D) progesterone.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.9 List the three types of sex hormones, and explain how each acts and how birth
control drugs work.

73) Compounds that have the same characteristic skeletal, four-ring structure are
A) sugars.
B) steroids.
C) proteins.
D) amino acids.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Obj: LO 18.8 Define the terms hormone, prostaglandin, and steroid, and explain the function of
each.

19
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
74) The general name for the male sex hormones is
A) androgens.
B) estrogens.
C) progesterones.
D) testosterones.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.9 List the three types of sex hormones, and explain how each acts and how birth
control drugs work.

75) Which of the following is NOT a steroid?

A) arachidonic acid
B) testosterone
C) cortisol
D) methandrostenolone
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Obj: LO 18.8 Define the terms hormone, prostaglandin, and steroid, and explain the function of
each.

76) Female birth control drugs attempt to mimic the structure and properties of
A) testosterone.
B) norethindrone.
C) estrone.
D) progesterone.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 48 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.9 List the three types of sex hormones, and explain how each acts and how birth
control drugs work.

77) RU-486 is a drug that blocks the action of progesterone and

A) prevents pregnancy.
B) ends pregnancy.
C) promotes pregnancy.
D) prevents bleeding during pregnancy.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.9 List the three types of sex hormones, and explain how each acts and how birth
control drugs work.

20
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
78) The first commercially available female contraceptive drug was approved by the FDA in
A) 1935.
B) 1950.
C) 1960.
D) 1975.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.9 List the three types of sex hormones, and explain how each acts and how birth
control drugs work.

79) Which of the following statements about how ECPs and RU-486 work is most correct?
A) Both ECPs and RU-486 prevent pregnancy.
B) ECPs prevent pregnancy, while RU-486 ends pregnancy at an early stage.
C) ECPs end pregnancy at an early stage, while RU-486 prevents pregnancy.
D) Both ECPs and RU-486 end pregnancy at an early stage.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.9 List the three types of sex hormones, and explain how each acts and how birth
control drugs work.

80) Which of the following types of drugs is NOT used in the treatment of high blood pressure?
A) beta blockers
B) calcium channel blockers
C) diuretics
D) sulfa drugs
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.6
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.10a Describe the action of four types of drugs used to treat heart disease.

81) Cardiovascular diseases are responsible for approximately ________ of deaths in the United States.
A) 12%
B) 25%
C) 34%
D) 50%
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.6
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.10a Describe the action of four types of drugs used to treat heart disease.

21
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
82) Which of the following is NOT a major goal of drugs that are used for cardiovascular diseases?
A) lowering blood pressure
B) normalizing heart rhythm
C) preventing accumulation of lipid plaque deposits in blood vessels
D) preventing bacterial infections
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.6
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.10a Describe the action of four types of drugs used to treat heart disease.

83) Which of the following is NOT used for treating hypertension?

A) beta blockers
B) calcium channel blockers
C) depressants
D) diuretics
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.6
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.10a Describe the action of four types of drugs used to treat heart disease.

84) Diuretics
A) inhibit an enzyme that causes blood vessels to contract.
B) cause muscles surrounding blood vessel to relax.
C) slow the heart rate and lower the force of the heartbeat.
D) cause the kidneys to excrete more water and thus lower blood volume.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.6
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.10a Describe the action of four types of drugs used to treat heart disease.

85) A very common illegal drug that has a common effect of a heightened enjoyment of food is
A) heroin.
B) estradiol.
C) marijuana.
D) ethanol.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

22
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
86) Which of the following would NOT be classified as a psychotropic drug?
A) an antipyretic
B) a depressant
C) an hallucinogenic
D) a stimulant
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

87) A depressant drug

A) reduces the level of consciousness.
B) increase alertness.
C) increases anger.
D) increases breathing.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 36 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

88) Which of the following types of drugs qualitatively alters the way in which we perceive the world?
A) depressants
B) hallucinogens
C) neurotransmitters
D) stimulants
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

89) Nerve cells are called

A) nerve receivers.
B) neurons.
C) electrons.
D) nucleotides.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 48 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.

23
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
90) The fluid filled gaps that separate individual neurons are called
A) gaps.
B) axons.
C) dendrites.
D) synapses.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.

91) Chemicals that are released into the synapses during nerve transmissions and cause changes into
receiving cells are called
A) neurons.
B) nerve chemicals.
C) amphetamines.
D) neurotransmitters.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.

92) The common name of epinephrine is

A) androgen.
B) amphetamine.
C) adrenaline.
D) codeine.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.11 Explain how the brain amines norepinephrine and serotonin affect the mind and
how various drugs change their action.

93) Abnormal metabolism of what neurotransmitter is believed to be involved in depression?

A) serotonin
B) norepinephrine
C) epinephrine
D) estradiol
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.11 Explain how the brain amines norepinephrine and serotonin affect the mind and
how various drugs change their action.

24
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
94) Norepinephrine agonists
A) destroy norepinephrine.
B) mimic norepinephrine.
C) block neural receptor sites for norepinephrine.
D) all of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.11 Explain how the brain amines norepinephrine and serotonin affect the mind and
how various drugs change their action.

95) Norepinephrine antagonists

A) destroy norepinephrine.
B) mimic norepinephrine.
C) block neural receptor sites for norepinephrine.
D) all of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.11 Explain how the brain amines norepinephrine and serotonin affect the mind and
how various drugs change their action.

96) Serotonin is produced in the body from the amino acid

A) tyrosine.
B) histidine.
C) cysteine.
D) tryptophan.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.11 Explain how the brain amines norepinephrine and serotonin affect the mind and
how various drugs change their action.

97) What neurotransmitter is considered as possibly being involved in the feeling of "love"?
A) adrenaline
B) testosterone
C) β-phenylethylamine (PEA)
D) norepinephrine
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.11 Explain how the brain amines norepinephrine and serotonin affect the mind and
how various drugs change their action.

25
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
98) Enantiomers are molecules that show handedness and contain at least one chiral carbon. A chiral
carbon has ________ different group(s) attached to it.
A) 2
B) 3
C) 1
D) 4
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.

99) The first successful general anesthetic was

A) diethyl ether.
B) nitrous oxide.
C) nitrogen.
D) chloroform.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

100) Chloroform is
A) CF4.
B) CHCl3.
C) CCl2F2.
D) CCl3F.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

101) The compound that is NOT a local anesthetic is

A) procaine.
B) caffeine.
C) bupivacaine.
D) etidocaine.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

26
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
102) The anesthetic (or intoxicating) dose of most volatile organics, like chloroform, is very close to the
A) lethal dose.
B) stimulant dose.
C) therapeutic dose.
D) hallucinogenic dose.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

103) The first successful local anesthetic was

A) nicotine.
B) cocaine.
C) ethanol.
D) novocaine.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 45 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

104) Ketamine is a
A) narcotic.
B) local anesthetic.
C) dissociative anesthetic.
D) stimulant.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

105) It is speculated that the reason users of PCP often experience "flashbacks" is that PCP is
A) stored in the brain.
B) decomposed slowly.
C) fat soluble.
D) water soluble.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

27
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
106) The most abused drug is
A) acetaminophen.
B) barbiturate.
C) ethanol.
D) propanol.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 48 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

107) Barbiturates are

A) pyretics.
B) depressants.
C) hair rejuvenators.
D) hallucinogens.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 48 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

108) In small doses, barbiturates act as

A) stimulants.
B) sedatives.
C) analgesics.
D) poisons.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

109) An acquaintance has a few alcoholic drinks after taking some barbiturates that have already made
him appear drunk. Your acquaintance will most likely
A) sober up at once.
B) stay drunk for days.
C) have a hangover in the morning.
D) die.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

28
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
110) The interaction of two drugs to give an effect markedly greater than either alone is called
A) addiction.
B) activation.
C) stimulation.
D) synergism.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

111) Which one of the following is strictly a synthetic drug?

A) phenobarbital
B) endorphin
C) morphine
D) THC
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

112) Which of the following groups of compounds would NOT be considered to be antianxiety agents?
A) cephalosporins
B) benzodiazepines
C) phenothiazides
D) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

113) The amphetamines are structurally similar to

A) neurotransmitters.
B) narcotics.
C) hormones.
D) prostaglandins.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

29
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
114) Amphetamines are
A) stimulants.
B) depressants.
C) narcotics.
D) endorphins.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

115) Amphetamines are

A) alcohols.
B) amines.
C) carboxylic acids.
D) acid halides.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 48 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

116) Caffeine is a mild

A) beta blocker.
B) antidiarrhea drug.
C) stimulant.
D) neuroreceiver.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 32 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

117) Nicotine
A) is a mild stimulant.
B) is present in tobacco.
C) is widely used as an insecticide.
D) all of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

30
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
118) Cocaine is a local anesthetic and a powerful
A) barbiturate.
B) narcotic.
C) amphetamine.
D) stimulant.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

119) Crack cocaine is

A) the hydrochloride salt of cocaine.
B) the free base form of cocaine.
C) a more potent derivative of cocaine.
D) synthetic cocaine.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

120) Cocaine blocks the reuptake of ________ by nerve cells.

A) dopamine
B) epinephrine
C) norepinephrine
D) serotonin
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

121) LSD is a(n)

A) analgesic.
B) barbiturate.
C) hallucinogen.
D) flu medicine.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

31
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
122) The physiological properties of LSD were
A) predicted from its structure.
B) designed into the molecule by Albert Hoffman.
C) discovered in a chemical laboratory serendipitously.
D) first tested on mice.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

123) LSD is derived from a natural product found in

A) opium.
B) rye fungus.
C) pig manure.
D) certain mushrooms.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

124) The principal active ingredient in marijuana is

A) APAP.
B) PEA.
C) RNA.
D) THC.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

125) Which of the following would NOT be classified as an hallucinogen?

A) LSD
B) mescaline
C) PEA
D) dimethyltryptamine
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

32
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
126) Which of the following phenomena can occur when an inactive substance is given to a patient in the
form of medication?
A) vomiting
B) placebo effect
C) drug intolerance
D) rash
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 18.8
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.14 Describe how a new drug is developed and brought to market.

127) Which of the following is an example of drug abuse?

A) the use of penicillin to treat the common cold
B) the use of marijuana to alter sensory perceptions
C) the use of generic drugs
D) the use of a placebo
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.8
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.13 Differentiate between drug abuse and drug misuse.

128) Which of the following is an example of drug misuse?

A) the use of penicillin to treat the common cold
B) the use of a nocebo
C) the use of generic drugs
D) the use of a placebo
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.8
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.13 Differentiate between drug abuse and drug misuse.

18.2 True/False Questions

1) Paul Ehrlich first used the term "chemotherapy" to describe the use of chemicals to control or cure
infectious disease.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.1
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.2 Define chemotherapy, and explain its origin.

33
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
2) Every single ingredient analgesic product on the market today contains one of four ingredients. One of
the ingredients is aspirin.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

3) The use of aspirin to treat children's fevers has a strong link to the onset of Reye's syndrome.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

4) Different brands of naproxen contain different types of naproxen.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3 Var: 6 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

5) Aspirin is an effective pain reliever.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

6) There is no cure or prevention for the common cold.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.

7) There are no problems associated with the wide spread use of antibiotics.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.5 List the common antibacterial drugs, and describe the action of each.

34
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
8) Antibiotics are effective against viral infections.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.6 Name the common categories of antiviral drugs, and describe the action of each.

9) Nucleoside analogs are used to treat AIDS.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.6 Name the common categories of antiviral drugs, and describe the action of each.

10) The enzyme reverse transcriptase can synthesize RNA from DNA.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.6 Name the common categories of antiviral drugs, and describe the action of each.

11) Vaccines are available to provide protection against most viral diseases.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.6 Name the common categories of antiviral drugs, and describe the action of each.

12) An antimetabolite is a compound that closely resembles a substance that is needed for normal body
metabolism and that interferes with physiological reactions involving it.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.4
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Obj: LO 18.7 Describe the action of the common types of anticancer drugs.

13) Methotrexate is an alkylating agent that works by binding to the DNA of rapidly growing cells and
preventing the replication of DNA.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.4
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Obj: LO 18.7 Describe the action of the common types of anticancer drugs.

14) Prostaglandins are 20-carbon lipids that act like hormones.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Obj: LO 18.8 Define the terms hormone, prostaglandin, and steroid, and explain the function of
each.

35
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
15) Progestins mimic the effects of pregnancy and thus prevent ovulation.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.9 List the three types of sex hormones, and explain how each acts and how birth
control drugs work.

16) Nitric oxide (NO) is necessary for maintaining blood pressure and establishing long-term memory.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.6
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.10a Describe the action of four types of drugs used to treat heart disease.

17) There are three classes of psychotropic drugs: stimulants, depressants and hallucinogens.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

18) Neurotransmitters released from a presynaptic vesicle will fit into one or more receptor sites on a
postsynaptic cell.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.

19) LSD mimics the feeling much like "falling in love."

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3 Var: 6 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

20) The most commonly prescribed drugs now are barbiturates.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

36
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
21) Tricyclic antidepressants are safer and more easily tolerated than selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors (SSRIs).
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

22) Both isomeric forms of drugs that exist as stereoisomers are equally effective in treatment.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.

23) Worldwide, people spend more money for illegal drugs than for food.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.8
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.13 Differentiate between drug abuse and drug misuse.

24) A placebo is an inactive substance that is given to some patients when the effectiveness of a new drug
is being tested.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.8
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.14 Describe how a new drug is developed and brought to market.

18.3 Short Answer Questions

1) People who are susceptible to bleeding can take acetaminophen because it is NOT a(n) ________.
Answer: anticoagulant
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

2) An antipyretic is a drug that reduces ________.

Answer: fever
Diff: 2 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

37
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
3) AIDS stands for ________.
Answer: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.

4) Antimetabolites are a class of anticancer agents that interfere with ________.

Answer: DNA synthesis
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.4
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.7 Describe the action of the common types of anticancer drugs.

5) Is insulin a protein or a steroid?

Answer: protein
Diff: 3 Var: 6 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.8 Define the terms hormone, prostaglandin, and steroid, and explain the function of
each.

6) PGE2α is a(n) ________ that is used to induce the release of many ova from a prize cow in cattle
breeding.
Answer: prostaglandin
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.8 Define the terms hormone, prostaglandin, and steroid, and explain the function of
each.

7) An important class of hormone mediators is the ________.

Answer: prostaglandins
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.8 Define the terms hormone, prostaglandin, and steroid, and explain the function of
each.

8) Compounds that mimic the behavior of progesterone are called ________.

Answer: progestins
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.5
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.8 Define the terms hormone, prostaglandin, and steroid, and explain the function of
each.

38
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
9) Drugs that affect the human mind are called ________ drugs.
Answer: psychotropic
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

18.4 Essay Questions

1) The term "chemotherapy" has been around for over 90 years. What are its origins and what does it
mean?
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.1
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry, Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society, and Global 8: Communicate
effectively in writing.
Learning Obj: LO 18.2 Define chemotherapy, and explain its origin.

2) What are the limitations and side effects of acetaminophen?

Diff: 3 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 18.2
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry, Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society, and Global 8: Communicate
effectively in writing.
Learning Obj: LO 18.3 List common over-the counter analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory
drugs, and describe how each works.

3) Compare the leading causes of death in the United States in 1900 and 2011. Is there a significant
difference? Why?
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry, Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society, and Global 8: Communicate
effectively in writing.

4) Describe how tetracycline works.

Diff: 3 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 18.3
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry, Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society, and Global 8: Communicate
effectively in writing.
Learning Obj: LO 18.5 List the common antibacterial drugs, and describe the action of each.

5) How may diet be related to the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain?
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry, Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society, and Global 8: Communicate
effectively in writing.
Learning Obj: LO 18.11 Explain how the brain amines norepinephrine and serotonin affect the mind and
how various drugs change their action.

39
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
6) What are the three components of addiction?
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry, Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society, and Global 8: Communicate
effectively in writing.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

7) The frequency of heroin overdose among heroin addicts fluctuates significantly over time. Health
officials believe this is related to the quality of the drug on the street. Explain and comment.
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.7
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry, Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society, and Global 8: Communicate
effectively in writing.
Learning Obj: LO 18.12 Identify some stimulant drugs, depressant drugs, and psychotropic drugs, and
describe how they affect the mind.

8) Discuss the impact of ethanol abuse on society.

Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 18.8
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry, Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society, and Global 8: Communicate
effectively in writing.
Learning Obj: LO 18.13 Differentiate between drug abuse and drug misuse.

40
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.