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CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL AS & A LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY: WORKBOOK
2.2 Core study 2: Hassett et al.
(monkey toy preferences)
Exercise 5 Main assumptions
SAMOS
testosterone: a hormone released mainly by the testes, so is considered
to be a ‘male’ hormone. It is an example of an androgen
oestrogen: a hormone released mainly by the ovaries, so is considered
tobe a female’ hormone
socialisation: the process of learning to behave in socially acceptable ways,
This may differ somewhat for the two genders and in different cultures
gender stereotype: a bias exhibited in society, which may be held by people
and represented, for example, in books or toys that assign particular traits,
behaviours, emotions, occupations, etc., to males and females
help you to link the main assumptions of the biological approach
Ls study.
Hassett etal. investigated potentially biologically driven differences between young,
males and females.
1 Outline the main hormonal differences between young males and females,
2
These hormonal differences could affect brain development, both before and
after birth
a Describe one piece of evidence that suggests there are brain differences
between males and females.
b Ashormonal differences between the sexes begin to appear before birth,
hat-must be controlling the development of these differences, and why?
3 Suggest one way that play might be the product of evolution, that is, h
ave
been important in helping early humans to survive,
play: behaviour
typical of childhood
that appears to be
done for fun rather
than any useful
purpose. It may be
solitary or social
and may or may not
involve interaction
with an object.
‘Objects designed for
the purpose of play
are called ‘toys
(& scanned with OKEN Scanner Exercise 6 Procedure
® t0 produce a clear definition or description of a variable so
ely manipulated, measured or quantified, and the study
his includes the independent variable and dependent
ments and the co-variables in correlations
be of events per fixed period of time, e.g. the number of eye
Per minute (approximately 60/minute in REM sleep) or the number of
es (gycles) per second, or Hertz (Ha), e.g, 13-30 He for beta waves
This exercise will enable you to check your understanding of the procedure of Hassett
etal’s study,
1. Pick out the pairs of facts using the information in the box to answer the
questions about the procedure of Hassett et al's study
boys’ toys frequency
coders working together gitls' toys plush
drag hold right
wheeled
duration
2 Themonkeys’ play with the toys was measured using
b The toys the monkeys played with were either
and ii
i or ii
¢ The toys the children played with were classified as
i or ii
d_ The monkeys’ behaviours with the toys included
i - soon ad ii
Reliability was improved by using
= and ie
f Tay position was counterbalanced by placing them alternately on the
or
operational definitions
aS
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Exercise 7 Evaluation
‘This exercise will help you consider the strengths and weaknesses of different elements
of the study,
1 Copy and complete the table, giving one strength or one weakness in relation
to each point.
pre teitey)
DS emer NA Mao ee ae enews
Analysing the rank of female
monkeys
Operational definitions used
[Ethical considerations of the study
For one of the rows in the table in question 1, present an opposite viewport
(for example, if you have described an ethical weakness, describe an ethical
strength as well).
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