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Written texts across various disciplines are made of ideas woven together to covey a specific message. In
developing these texts, writers use a structure called thepatterns of development. Purposely, these
patterns help readers follow through with train of thoughts of the writer, thus aiding them in
understanding the message presented in the text. Let’s review these patterns below:
1.Narration.It is the most basic pattern of development. It describes how, when and where an event or
occurrence happened. Likewise, it is used to tell a story or focus on a set of related events. Features: is
organized in a chronological manner uses time signals such as when, before, after, ago and the like.
presents dialogues, conflict, and theme
2.Description. The pattern of development which goes into details about a specific object, person, or
location, in order to firmly set its appearance. Features: •uses sensory details •orders details based on
their location in space •uses spatial words such below, near, above, under, and the like.
3.Definition. It explains not just what something means or is, but also what something does and what
something is used for. Feature: •uses words/ phrases such as is defined as, refers to, means, is called
4.Classification. This organizes ideas into categories or divisions based on criteria and standards. This
pattern can be used when classifying people, objects, events, things, places and other items. Feature:
•uses expressions such as is classified into, is grouped into, is divided into
What’s New
Read the set of events and rewrite the following details on your answer sheet to create a coherent story.
1.Finally, the old lady crossed the street safely and Juan was able to reach school on time.
2.One morning, Juan is in a hurry going to school.
3.Then, he thought of helping the old lady even though he will be late in school.
4.Suddenly, he saw an old lady, carrying a full of basket, crossing the street.
Then, answer the follow-up questions:1.
What words are used to signal the correct sequence of the events?2.
How do you think the ideas were able to relate to one another?3.
What do we call these words?4.
How do these words help to create a story?5.
What kind of paragraph were you able to create using the given details?
What’s New
Read the set of events and rewrite the following details on your answer sheet to createa coherent
story.1.
Finally, the old lady crossed the street safely and Juan was able to reachschool on time.2.
One morning, Juan is in a hurry going to school.3.
Then, he thought of helping the old lady even though he will be late inschool.4.
Suddenly, he saw an old lady, carrying a full of basket, crossing the street. Then, answer the follow-up
questions:1.
What words are used to signal the correct sequence of the events?2.
How do you think the ideas were able to relate to one another?3.
What do we call these words?4.
How do these words help to create a story?5.
What kind of paragraph were you able to create using the given details?Writing a paragraph involves
deep understanding of how one can achieve well-focused and unified ideas in a composition. For
example, when students are askedto come up with a summary of a story, they tend to chop parts of the
story and putit in their summary. If that is so, it leads to create unrelated details that do not
contribute in the oneness and clarity of one’s summary.
It is important to use strategies developing ideas using a particular pattern. One ofthese is through
narration. A narrative text contains the plot which gives directionin making a story.In developing
narration, sequential presentation of events plays an important role.Signal words help to create unified
thought and to show the transition of events tothe next. This leads us to focus on the use of the action
words in the story. It alsohelps to move the story and makes the story interesting. The chronological
ordering of events helps to show the reader how the story moves.Most of the common transitional
words are first, next, then, after and suddenly.Moreover, it is also important to give specific details in
pointing out the direction ofthe story
Read the paragraph and answer the following questions on a separate sheet.
Being a transferee is never easy. At first, I was hesitant to come but my mother told me that I would find
new friends in Masayahin Senior High School. I would never forget the day I first entered this school, I
felt so shy and nervous. I did not know anyone for I was a new Grade 11 student. When I entered my first
class looking for a chair to sit in, a boy sitting beside the window sill asked me,
“Are you new in this school?” and I answered shyly, “Yes.” Then, he offered
me the vacant seat beside him. He was Jasper, an old student in that school. We got along with each
other well in our class. We worked on our assignments and school projects. , he slept in our house doing
our research work. After a year, we both realized that in many ways we had a lot of similarities in terms
of interests in life. In the end, we became best of friends.
1. Where and when did the story happen?
2. What transitional devices are used to indicate the chronological order of time?
3. What event happened first?
4. What does the paragraph tell?
5. What sequence is presented in the story?
What I Have Learned
Choose the best word/group of words that will complete the statements. Write your answer in a
separate sheet.1.
_________ is a writing pattern that is used to tell story.2.
A narrative text contains the _________ which gives direction in the story.3.
_________are words or phrases that help carry a thought from one sentence toanother, from one idea
to another, or from one paragraph to another.4.
Most of the common transitional words to show _________ of events are first,next, then, after and
suddenly.5.
The _________of events helps to show the reader how the story moves
and school projects. , he slept in our house doing our research work. After ayear, we both realized that in
many ways we had a lot of similarities in termsof interests in life. In the end, we became best of friends.
1.
Where and when did the story happen?2.
What transitional devices are used to indicate the chronological order of time?3.
What event happened first?4.
What does the paragraph tell?5.
What sequence is presented in the story?
What I Have Learned
Choose the best word/group of words that will complete the statements. Write your answer in a
separate sheet.1.
_________ is a writing pattern that is used to tell story.2.
A narrative text contains the _________ which gives direction in the story.3.
_________are words or phrases that help carry a thought from one sentence toanother, from one idea
to another, or from one paragraph to another.4.
Most of the common transitional words to show _________ of events are first,next, then, after and
suddenly.5.
The _________of events helps to show the reader how the story moves.
Additional Activities
In a short paragraph, narrate how something originated in your place/community.Use the score guide
below:5 points All transitional devices are appropriate; the narration was very clear.3 points Some
transitional devices are appropriate; the narration was clear.1 point No transitional devices used in the
narrative; the narration is unclear.
Lesson 2
Description
In this lesson, you will learn another way of developing your paragraph throughgiving description.
What’s In
People love to read and listen to story and the use of appropriate transitional devicesin telling stories are
noteworthy. Likewise, you have previously learned that in writinga narrative, the plot gives direction in
making the story. However, it is not only theplot that will help you to develop your writing skills. The use
of description is alsoimportant to help you create a vivid picture of what you are trying to express
throughwritten text.Chronological Ordering Narration Transitional Devices Sequence Plot
5
What’s New
On a separate sheet, complete the table by supplying words or phrases that bestdescribe the given
subjects. Use any of your senses to provide appropriatedescriptions. Then answer the questions that
follow.Answer the following questions.1.
What do you call the words that are used to provide a striking effect on thesenses of the reader?2.
How do these words help create a vivid description of the given words?3.
What kind of paragraph can you develop using the given details?
What is It
According to Dayagbil & et al, 2016, the use of description plays an important roleto elucidate the
nature of people, places and things. A series of detailed observationabout the subject can help you
create a good descriptive paragraph. This involvesthe use of adjectives and adverbs in the paragraph.
The kind of words we used to describe how your subject looks, sounds, feels, smellsor even tastes like
are called
sensory languages.
It also concerns how you willarrange the details to provide an image of the scene, the person or the
object you aretrying to describe in your text. There are two types of description. First is
objective description
, where the writerpresents impartial and actual picture of the subject without biases and
excludingpersonal impression of the subject just like when you give your description of anexperiment in
class. Second is
subjective description
, where the writer givespersonal impression of what is observed. This is often used in making fiction
stories.For instance, when you are asked to write about a place you visit during summervacation, you
tend to give your personal judgment of how you experience the place.
Read the paragraphs below. Tell whether the description is subjective description orobjective.1.
Sampaloc Lake is an inactive volcanic maar on the island of Luzon, thePhilippines. It is the largest of the
Seven Lakes of San Pablo, Laguna. Nearlyhalf of the lake's depth has a shallow depression at the bottom,
indicating itsvolcanic origin. It is approximately 104 hectares and 3.5 kilometer boardwalk. The lake is
behind San Pablo City Capitol and at the foot of the Doña LeonilaPark
Sampaloc Lake is one of the best tourist spots in San Pablo. It is where youcan bring your friends and
loved ones for picnic and bonding. Most of SanPableños jog around the lake and do ride bicycles not only
to have morninggood exercise but also have fresh air. You can witness the beauty of naturefor it is
surrounded with mountains.
What I Have Learned
Choose the best word or group of words that will complete the statements.Write your answer in a
separate sheet.1.
____________ is a writing pattern of developing paragraph using detailedobservation about the
subject.2.
____________ are used in writing descriptive paragraph.3.
____________ can be in a form of word, phrase or clause.4.
____________description presents impartial and actual picture of the subjectswithout biases.5.
____________ description gives the personal impression of the writer.Develop a composition using
description as pattern of paragraph development. Makea vivid picture of your dream house which you
would like to own in the future. Useat least ten descriptive words.
Lesson 3
Definition
In this lesson, we will focus on the three different types of definitions: formaldefinition, informal
definition, and extended or expanded definition.
What’s In
Previously, you have learned the first two patterns of development: narration anddescription. The
descriptive text portrays events and brings a scene or object tolife in the imagination of the reader.
Meanwhile, a narrative text tells story or events
in chronological order. Now, let’s move on to
another pattern which is calleddefinition
