Abstract

During the month-long OJT in DHI's InnoTech Department, we were primarily responsible for
developing websites for the Water Management System. One of the key areas in which the DHI
InnoTech Department is involved is the Water Management project, which aims to control and
monitor water distribution in a local region remotely. We developed a water management
system for Semjong and Gyalpozhing in addition to helping design the UI for the Super Fab Lab
(SFL) website. The report goes through each component and feature of the web application we
developed in great depth.

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Acknowledgement
First and foremost, we would like to express our gratitude to Mr. Chirag Sharma and Mr. Jigme
Tharchen for guiding us through the various development stages. We would like to express our
gratitude to Mr.Chirag Sharma for providing us with the opportunity to complete our OJT at the
Department. We are grateful for taking us on a tour to the BPC Headquarters in Thimphu, which
provided us with valuable insight into how Bhutan's overall power system is monitored and
controlled. We would like to thank all the staff at InnoTech department who helped us by giving
us advice and providing all their support during the OJT duration.

Last but not least, we would like to express our gratitude to the college for making such a program
for us to get valuable job experiences in our related field.

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Table of Content

i. Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………i
ii. Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………………………………………………ii
iii. Introduction of the Organization……………………………………………………………………………1
iv. OJT detail work………………………………………………………………………………………………………3
a. Redesign of the Super Fab Lab Website…………………………………………………………….3
b. Water Management System………………………………………………………………………………3
c. Gyelpozhing Water Management Project …………………………………………………………5
d. The Home DashBoard………………………………………………………………………………………..7
e. The Valve Controller Page…………………………………………………………………………………13
f. Alarms and Events Page……………………………………………………………………………………15
g. The SCADA Display……………………………………………………………………………………………17
h. Semjong Water Management System………………………………………………………………18
v. Observation and Discussion………………………………………………………………………………….22
vi. Recommendation………………………………………………………………………………………………….23
vii. Glossary of Symbols……………………………………………………………………………………………..24
viii. Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………………………………………25

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 1. Introduction of the Organization

The InnoTech Department was established with the goal of bettering access to and diffusion of
4th Industrial Revolution technologies across DHI and the Group by strategizing technology and
innovation pathways. DHI and Group are well-positioned to use innovation and technology to
address national socio-economic challenges, in addition to strengthening and providing internal
support.

The two divisions that make up InnoTech are Strategic Technology Planning (STP)—"The Think
Tank"—and DHI Research & Innovation Venture Excellence (DRIVE) Center—"The Do Tank." In
addition, "Projects," an ad hoc division, responds to the needs of time-bound initiatives as they
arise.

The InnoTech Department's DRIVE center is establishing national and international collaborative
applied and fundamental research initiatives in science, technology, and innovation. DRIVE
achieves this by concentrating on the following goals:
● Carry out basic and applied research
● By incubating and prototyping commercialization ideas, provide an avenue for economic
diversification.
● Establish a national IP repository.
● Renew the national R&D infrastructure and establish connections with universities and
institutions both at home and abroad.
● Encourage Bhutanese students to pursue STEM education.

In order to assist DHI and its Group in strategizing technology pathways and to assist the DRIVE
center, STP, as part of the InnoTech Department, works to accomplish the following:

● Planning, strategy, and management of technology with the overarching goal of forming
a national platform
● Examine disruptive technologies and their applications in the context of Bhutan and the
region, including research and business opportunities.

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 ● Support policies in science, technology, and innovation that will help to develop and
improve the nation's innovation system.
● Organize technology conferences, workshops, and training to introduce new innovative
concepts and tools and to encourage creative thinking.

Figure 1: Organo-gram of InnoTech department of Drive center

Mr. Chirag Sharma, who works as an analyst at DHI, was our immediate supervisor. Nonetheless,
we were frequently guided by Mr. Jigme Tharchen, who works as an associate analyst for the
same firm.

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 2. OJT Work Details
2.1 Redesign of the Super Fab Lab Website

Before our internship began there were interns from Gyelposhing College who were assigned the
task of developing the Super Fab Lab website for DHI. The Super Fab Lab situated in Tech Park
under DHI is expected to be among the first few of its kind in the world. It is a fab lab which is
expected to be able to produce other fabrication machines. The development was half completed
by the time we joined but the overall design and how it looked was not approved by the
supervisors. As an additional task we were assigned to help redesign the entire website again
with the strict instruction to not help them with coding. The website featured a Home Page, a
machine Booking Page where individuals could book the machines available in the Super Fab Lab,
a membership registration page, a display page where all the history of the projects were
displayed and an information page which listed all the machines available. The entire process
took about a total of 2 weeks when the development based on our design was approved with a
total of 3 progress review meetings conducted by the DHI team and analysts from NDI.

2.2 Water Management System

The Water Management project is one of the three core areas in which DHI InnoTech Department
is currently venturing in order to fulfill the objective of making Bhutanese towns into a place
which can be designated as a smart city. The other two areas they are focusing are in the
Transportation and Electricity sector.

The entire project is in its initial stage and is expected in the future to be deployed in every town
in the country. The Water management system is expected to be able to help administrations
manage the overall distribution of water for a given community and be able to detect faults and
leaks if present. The system is also expected to be able to calculate the total loss of water over
time and help people in the administration monitor and decide how to distribute the water based
on the requirement.

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Using sensors which were programmed by the DHI InnoTech team it gave the reading of the flow
rate of water in that particular pipe. The differences in the value of the flow rate from one pipe
to that of the other could help determine if there is a leak in between the pipes. Likewise, sensors
were also placed in the water Holding Tanks which could inform the administrator if the water
level is low or overflowing in the tanks. Controllers were also developed which could turn ON and
OFF taps remotely from the Water management system dashboard and the state of whether the
taps are ON or OFF is also reflected. The MQTT protocol was used to relay data from the sensors
to the DashBoard which were developed. MQTT is one of the protocols which helps in the
implementation of IOT based applications. It relays data via an online broker from which multiple
clients can subscribe to it to avail its data which suited the requirement for the water
management system as in the future the entire project is expected to have many types of client
level application such as website, desktop and mobile versions. Their first initial project was
based in Semjong which controlled and monitored the irrigation water which led to 8 different
zones.

Figure 2: Description on water management system of Semjong

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 2.3 Gyelpozhing Water Management Project

Our first assignment was to design and develop a Dashboard using React framework which was
capable of displaying data, analyzing, indicating and controlling the valves (taps). We were
briefed with the overall architecture of the layout starting from the Tank where water was stored
to the outlets where water was to flow. Our first task was to design a simple graphical display to
help people understand the overall architecture of the layout. The sample architecture they
provided was based on a line diagram and would be hard for end users like administrators to
understand, so we were tasked in making a graphical equivalent of the architecture to make it
more intuitive. The diagram below was provided by the DHI InnoTech team.

Figure 3: SCADA display of Gyalpozhing water distribution

We then made a graphical design which was a direct translation of the line diagram that was
provided.

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 Figure 4: Graphical design of SCADA display of Gyelpozhing water management system

Indicates the Presence of a Flow Meter sensor which gave data regarding the
waters Flow rate and Total Flow

Indicates the presence of a valve which can be turned ON and OFF hence controlling
the water supply to that particular region.

In total there were 9 outlets, with 21 flow meter sensors placed throughout the layout, 19
valves which controlled the flow of water and two Primary water reservoir Tanks.

The outlet consists of:

1. Small Town area

2. RBP colony

3. BHU colony

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 4. School area

5. Main town area

6. Terrace area

7. KST colony

8. Chabjey

2.4 The Home DashBoard

The main instruction regarding the designing of the Home DashBoard was that it should provide
a quick overall summary of all the necessary state and status of the water flow which may be of
use to the administrator who will be using it for decision making purposes.

The design below was the approved design made using Adobe XD. The initial design had gone
through many designs’ alteration while during the development stage with respect to the many
feedbacks received.

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 (Approved UI Design Made Using Adobe XD)

Figure 5: UI design of Home page

The images provided below are what we developed using the react framework. Though initially
we made the design as per the approved UI design, with time we were asked to include more
features and as a result what we developed became more complex compared to our initial UI
design. All the components along with what they are meant to do will be explained in detail.

The data to be displaced in the Dashboard is to include

1. Water level of the 2 tanks (GSR1 and GSR2)

We were asked to include logic where if the water level is below a certain level to
indicate red to let the administrator know the water level is low. Green was used to
indicate normal operation. The parameters to determine the normal functional range
and which will consider it to be low is yet to be confirmed by the DHI Inno Tech Team.
(The data given below are Dummy data)
GSR1 and GSR2 are the names given for the two tanks.
The reading we get from the sensor is in terms of water level height, we had to first
calculate the volume present in the tank and then determine its percentage. The Bar
Chart given below is dynamic and is flexible enough to change its reading with respect
to the real time data the sensors emit.

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 Figure 6: Chart that shows water level of tanks

2. Flow rate display of all the values from the sensors

The architect provided the names for each of the sensors in ID format, so we were asked
to assign names based on the location of the flow meter sensors. The naming
conventions given below were assigned by us. The 21 components given below are to
display the flow rate values of all the sensors present in the system.

(The values below are Dummy data with logic if value is above 100 show red else
green)

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 Figure 7: Flow meter rate display

3. Status of the valves if they are ON or OFF

Like the flow meter the Valves had no logical name besides having an ID, so we were
again asked to assign logical names to the valves. This component indicates if the
particular valve is turned OFF or ON. Additionally, we were asked to include new
parameters, A and M which indicated if the valve is operated manually or automatically.

Figure 8: Valve status display

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4. Display the quality of water

This data was relayed from the GSR2 tank which had this sensor in place. It shows the
water's total pH value, the chlorine content, the Turbidity of the water and the total
dissolved solids (TDS) which is used to describe the inorganic salts and small amounts
of organic matter present in the solution of the water. We were asked to have an
indicator which represented the pH scale so we coded a bar with the colors representing
the pH scale.

Figure 9: Water quality display

5. Summarized outlook of alarms and issues

We have developed a separate Alarms and Events page, the component in the home page
is just to display the abstract details if there is an issue. Additionally, we were asked to make
the alarm indicators blink if any issues were present.

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 Figure 10: Alarms and events display

All the above-mentioned components put together make the main home Dash page, which gives
an overall summary of the entire state and status of the water. Stated its main functionality was
to provide the administrator the overall state and summary of the system at one glance.
Individual detailed pages are developed separately which can be accessed by clicking on the
summary components given below.

(Final Developed Product using React)

Figure 11: Home page

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 2.5 Valve Controller Page

With respect to the valve controller page not much difference is there between the UI and
developed interface. As explained, there were 18 valves in total. Each valve below would control
the inflow and stop the flow of water to a designated region. While designing the UI instead of
providing all the valves in one display we grouped the valves logically based as per their location
and which function it served.

Each toggle switch given below is mapped to that particular valve at which the name is given. The
state of ON would send the value 1 to the broker which will relay the data to the valve controller
turning on the valve, likewise 0 is used to turn off the valve. The total 18 valves present below
once deployed will be able to control the entire water supply for Gyelposhing town.

Testing the Valve Functionality with the miniature model in DHI InnoTech

Figure 12: Valve status display

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 Figure 12: The Water Flow, Flow Rate and Volume Detailed Page

As the summary was displayed in the home Dashboard page this is the designated page which
displayed the Flow meter reading, the tank water levels, total water loss, quality of water in
detail.

(Approved UI Design)

Figure 14: UI design of Water flow display page

Like the Home Dashboard page, the developed page came out different due to addition of new
features and design changes implemented to make it look better.

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The left most component named “Select Zone’ gives the option to select a particular zone after
which the Total flow and Flow rate of that selected zone will be Displayed.

The central components display the Tank water level and the quality of the water.

The rightmost component displays the water loss

(Final developed product using React)

Figure 15: Water flow display page

2.6 Alarms and Events Page

This page showed in detail the state of the sensors and set off alarms if the sensors were giving
unusual data. The color code was used to indicate the state,

1. Green - Functional
2. Red – critical

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 (Approved UI Design)

Figure 16: UI design of Alarms and events page

The developed product varies a bit with respect to the UI as few changes were suggested via an
official from the NDI team while they visited the DHI InnoTech office.

(Final product developed using React)

Figure 17: Alarms and events page

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 2.7 The SCADA Display

SCADA stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition. It is a system which gathers, analyzes
real time data to monitor and control equipment which deals with time sensitive materials.

For the inspiration for this feature, we were taken to BPC headquarters in Thimphu to see the
Central control system which controls and monitors Bhutan’s entire electrical grid and
distribution. After taking notes from our BPC visit the following page was developed.

(UI DESIGN)

Figure 18: UI design of SCADA display page

The SCADA display was by far the most complex feature for this project, it featured real time
display of data and represented the actual layout of the architect. It has complex logic built in
which calculates the flow rate of two adjacent flow meters and displays red if it is below the
acceptable set parametric values. It also displays the state of the valve. In a way it is equivalent
to the Home Dashboard page but takes a more graphical form.

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 (Final developed product using React)

Figure 19: SCADA display page

2.8 Semjong Water Management System

During our final few weeks of our OJT, we were asked to redesign and develop a Dashboard for
the Semjong water management project. The image below is their original website which the
team at DHI Inno tech have developed for displaying the data from Semjong.

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 (DHI Semjong Website)

Figure 20: Semjong website of water management system

Unlike the Gyelposhing project the one at Semjong is relatively simple and was easier to develop.
So, in the case of Semjong the sensors were all set up and relaying data. Within a weeks’ time we
developed and integrated the dashboard to the server. We integrated it successfully and applied
all the necessary indicators and logic.

For Semjong it consists of just one Valve, FR reading from 8 zones and 2 water tanks.

Figure 21: SCADA display of Semjong

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The screen shot provided below is how the application we developed would be when no data is
relayed from the server.

Figure 22: Home page of Senjong website when it is not connected to the server

This is the application we developed which is fully integrated with color coded logic in place
relaying real time data from the sensors from Semjong.

The Logic for water Tank level

1. Green if water level is above 1m

The Logic for Flow rate and Total Flow

1. No connection – if server does not emit any data

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From the server only the water level height was provided, we were given the dimension of the
water tanks from which we calculated the volume and the reading in terms of percentage of the
water level.

Figure 23: Home page of Senjong website when it is connected to the server

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 3. Observation and Discussions

Regarding the DHI Inno tech department, they have various projects under way which are all
aligned with His Majesty’s vision to make Bhutan the next Global Hub for IT. The department not
only carries out feasible projects but also has done research and analysis from which they
established a framework. They use this framework to determine which area of technology to
venture into based on its difficulty and its benefits. Besides implementation of IOT based
application with the water management system there are projects with Drone technology which
uses AI to determine if the cable line is damaged or not, AI based parking systems and they have
even implemented a small project based on block chains. The team at DHI Inno tech are focused,
are well versed and capable in their own respective fields which combined together contributes
to the overall success of the projects they are undertaking. The work place is friendly and very
cooperative with the Associative director and the senior Analysts being very open and easy to
interact with. The team often holds meetings regularly both among themselves and with external
agencies with frequent updates to check the overall progress of the projects.

Regarding the difficulties faced due to the unexpected lockdown we were working from home
after the 2nd week since our OJT started. Though the project's requirements were clear it was
still hard while conveying ideas and relaying issues with our immediate development supervisor.
Besides that, the overall work condition and work ethics followed by the team in DHI InnoTech
are inspiring and the workplace in a way did foster an environment which induced innovation
and the aspiration to do more and learn.

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4. Recommendations

i. For DHI InnoTech Department

Though the team members are more than capable of completing the assigned task, the total
workload ratio to the actual number of team members present is a bit overwhelming. It was
seen that few members took the additional task of carrying out the sections which were not
aligned with their fields. We would like to recommend if the team could have more members
who have specialized in each respective field.

ii. For College of Science and Technology

We would be grateful if the overall duration of the OJT can be increased as within a span of
45 days only little can be completed. After seeing the implemented technologies in DHI
InnoTech, we would be grateful if the syllabus could be revised as per the requirement of the
market and give more focus on topics such as block chains, AI, Machine learning, AR and VR
which are to be the technology of the future.

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 5. Glossary of Symbols

Si No Abbreviations Meaning
1 DHI Druk Holdings and Investments
2 SFL Super Fab Lab
3 OJT On-the-job Training
4 BPC Bhutan Power Corporation
5 STP Strategic Technology Planning
6 DRIVE DHI Research and Innovation Venture Excellence
7 IP Internet Protocol
8 STEM Science, Technology, Engineering and Math
9 NDI National Digital Identity
10 MQTT MQ Telemetry Transport
11 IOT Internet of Things
12 RBP Royal Bhutan Police
13 BHU Basic Health Unit
14 UI User Interface
15 GSR Ground Service Reservoir
16 TDS Total Dissolved Solid
17 SCADA Supervisory Control and data Acquisition
18 AI Artificial Intelligence
19 AR Augmented Reality
20 VR Virtual Reality

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 6. Bibliography

Who we are—DHI InnoTech. (n.d.). Retrieved March 23, 2022, from

https://innotech.dhi.bt/who-we-are/

DHI InnoTech | Facebook. (n.d.). Retrieved March 23, 2022, from

https://www.facebook.com/dhiinnotech

Home. (n.d.). Retrieved March 23, 2022, from https://dhiwatermanagementsystem.com/

Home—DHI. (n.d.). Retrieved March 23, 2022, from https://dhi.wright.selise.site/en/home

Project Idea | Water Management System. (2020, November 27). GeeksforGeeks.

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/project-idea-water-management-system/

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