Guide for Parents of 3-Year-Olds
Guide for Parents of 3-Year-Olds
A Parent’s Guide to
Olds
Growing and Learning
First Teacher: A Parent’s Guide to Growing and Learning is a guide
to your child’s development and has activities for you to support
your child’s learning during daily routines and play. These activities Family Matters
will help your child’s development and provide the building blocks 3-Year-Olds
for his future success in school and life.
Your child is no longer a toddler, but a preschooler. This year of life
This booklet addresses eight key areas of your child’s development. is a transition away from the baby years and into the childhood
The information in this booklet will serve as a guide for the years. Your 3-year-old has a stronger sense of independence, which
knowledge and skills your child is developing at this age. This booklet includes not only self-help skills, but a better sense of his own
follows the domains of Florida’s Early Learning and Developmental identity – he has his own likes, dislikes, ideas and feelings. This also
Standards, which are used in early learning programs throughout means that he may sometimes be “bossy” or defiant as a way to
the state. show his individuality. Offering choices and being firm but kind with
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT rules and routines will help your preschooler learn expectations for
(general health and development of physical skills involving large and behavior, while boosting his self-esteem.
small muscles)
As a 3-year-old, he will become more aware of his surroundings and
APPROACHES TO LEARNING
try to understand how the world works. You will need to answer
(attitudes, behaviors and learning styles)
many questions that may not have simple answers. With your
SOCIAL & EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT support and encouragement of his curiosity, your child can not only
(the ability to establish and maintain positive relationships with others) learn about the world, but also love learning!
LANGUAGE & LITERACY This booklet offers activities and strategies for you to use daily to
(the ability to understand words, learn to talk and learn about books and help your child grow and develop. The easy-to-follow activities will
reading) help you build a strong relationship and a foundation for your child’s
MATHEMATICAL THINKING learning and future success. All families are different. Remember to
(the ability to think about relationships between objects, numbers, include stories, activities and languages from your own family.
shapes, sizes, weights and other concepts)
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY
You are your child’s first teacher.
(the ability to explore the environment using the five senses, connecting
what is observed to science concepts and asking questions)
SOCIAL STUDIES
(the ability to learn about people and the community)
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
never ride in the street, don’t crash into other children or pets).
Taking care of your child
Teach her how to wash her hands and brush her teeth. With your
Proper nutrition, exercise and sleep are very important, because
help, she will be able to do these self-care tasks by herself. She will
all learning depends on your child’s good health. Preschoolers can
be able to undress, but you may need to help her get dressed. You
understand the concept of healthy food and safety practices such
can let her make some choices in what to wear. Choose two or three
as wearing a seat belt in the car or a helmet when riding a tricycle.
outfits and let her choose the one she likes best to wear.
Modeling healthy habits yourself is the best way to help your child
learn to take care of her health and support her success in school.
She will enjoy games or activities that require running, jumping
or hopping. Play “Simon Says” or “tag” with her. After she learns
how to play the game, let her be the leader and you follow her
directions.
Approaches to Learning As your child grows
He shows his approach to learning when he
It starts with you • Frequently asks “why?” He has reached a new stage in which
Approaches to learning is a set of behaviors or characteristics the simple explanations you gave him as a toddler are no longer
related to how young children interact with their environment, such enough; he wants more information to satisfy his curiosity.
as curiosity, persistence and creativity. Some of these behaviors • Persists at a task or activity for longer periods. He has a slightly
occur naturally, but you can encourage the development of others longer attention span and does not become as easily frustrated
by providing a supportive environment. as when he was a toddler.
• Spends more time in pretend play. He creates roles to act out,
Let your child make simple choices, such as what he wants for lunch makes up stories during conversations with adults and may
or which shirt he wants to wear. Three-year-olds like to try and even have an imaginary friend.
finish new things. Give him a little support when he needs it, but • Makes and talks about plans for play and talks about what he
don’t take over the task. did or learned afterwards.
APPROACHES TO LEARNING
him about many different topics and provide lots of things and • Embracing his creativity and taking a role in his pretend play,
places for him to explore. allowing him to direct you.
Development
As a 3-year-old your child will be able to
• Play more cooperatively with children.
• Comfort and show concern for others without prompting.
It starts with you • Take turns while playing (with prompting).
Social and emotional development refers to your child’s feelings, • Play “real life” with toys like pots, bowls, spoons and play
behaviors and relationships. Three-year-olds are an interesting kitchens.
mix of independent, playful and fearful. They need familiar adults • Find simple ways to solve arguments and disagreements.
nearby for security as they explore and play. As your child develops • Show and name a variety of feelings beyond happy, sad and
more independence, she will begin to have real friendships with mad, such as frustrated or excited.
other children. When conflicts arise with peers, she will typically • Ask to play with others rather than joining without asking.
seek help from an adult. She is learning to recognize the causes of
feelings and will give simple help, such as a hug, to those who are
upset. She can better manage her emotions, but may still fall apart Playing and learning
under stress.
Support your child’s social development by
Point out the things • Reading books about feelings. Tell her about times when you or
your child is doing that she may have felt the same way.
• Giving her a few responsibilities she is capable of doing herself,
MATHEMATICAL THINKING
many circles can you find in this room?”
Taking care of your child
The best way to support your child’s interest in math concepts is
with her own toys and everyday objects of different shape, size
and color. As she plays with these items, ask questions and make
comments such as, “How many cars are in your garage?” “How far
did the ball go?” or “I see you made circles on the paper with your
crayons.” This type of play forms the foundation for understanding
more advanced math concepts in the elementary school years.
Scientific Inquiry As your child grows
Your 3-year-old is learning to
It starts with you • Identify the five senses and use them to explore.
Scientific inquiry refers to your child’s ability to explore the • Use simple tools for investigating (sticks, magnifying glasses).
environment using his five senses, connecting what is observed to • Observe and ask questions about weather.
science concepts and asking questions. Children are born scientists! • Explore the similarities and differences between living things.
The whole world is new to them and they want to learn everything • Try to solve problems using tools.
about it. Science for preschoolers is about the same things you • Build structures and simple machines in play.
learned in school, like the weather and seasons, animals, plants and
space. However, the process
of learning science concepts Playing and learning
is just as important as the Support your child’s scientific knowledge and inquiry skills by
information that is learned. • Reading fiction and non-fiction books about topics such as
weather, animals, plants, space.
Your 3-year-old’s need to • Talking about the properties of natural materials your child plays
know “why” is the driving with such as rocks, sand, water, etc. (“The sand sticks together
force behind the development when it gets wet.”).
of his thinking and reasoning • Asking questions to stimulate your child’s thinking, such as
skills, which support all “Why do you think your building fell down?” or “Where do you
learning. These skills include think the birds go when it rains?”
asking questions, making • Allowing your child time to play outdoors and encouraging
predictions, testing his exploration of natural materials and living things, such as grass,
ideas and reflecting on what flowers, rocks, bugs and dirt.
happened. These thinking and
reasoning skills form the basis
of learning for life. Taking care of your child
Encourage your child to use all of his senses—see the difference
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY
As you go about your daily
routines, ask him questions of a ball bouncing on tile compared to bouncing on a rug, smell
he must use his senses to answer, “How does the water feel?” the difference between the apple and the orange, taste a graham
“What sounds does the clock make?” or “Does the big ball and the cracker and talk about how it differs from a saltine cracker, etc. By
little ball bounce the same?” Let him help you cook dinner and talk providing many opportunities for him to explore his environment,
about the way the food looks and smells before and after you cook you are giving him the experiences and language needed to better
it. Ask him to taste different kinds of fruit and tell you which ones understand the world around him.
are sweet and which ones are sour. Tell him he is learning to “think
like a scientist” when he uses his senses to compare things and tell
about things.
Social Studies As your child grows
Your 3-year-old is learning to
It starts with you • Participate in family responsibilities.
Social studies refers to your child’s ability to learn about the people • Attempt to solve conflicts.
around you and in your community. Your 3-year-old is becoming • Follow rules and routines.
more observant of her social world. She is beginning to recognize • Respond with empathy to others.
herself as a member of a community and culture. She is beginning • Identify what she wants.
to understand family roles. By observing the people around her, • Use words to describe space and location.
your 3-year-old is identifying rules, developing self-control and
engaging in problem-solving. She is learning about the nature of Playing and learning
the world and her place in it.
Help your child’s development of social concepts by
The pretend play she now engages • Involving your child in tasks that protect the environment.
in is also helping her learn about For example, have her help dispose of recycling items, saying,
the roles she has seen others play “When we recycle our bottles and boxes, it helps the earth stay
in her life (mother, father, doctor, clean.”
etc.) and how to get along with • Helping your child understand the roles of “community helpers”
others. Through this play, she is also such as firefighters, police officers, doctors, etc., by reading
developing the vocabulary that will books and acting out the roles during pretend play.
help her understand her world. • Walking around the neighborhood and playing “I Spy” for
street signs and discussing what they mean and why they are
Talk to your child about the people important.
she sees in your community and • Playing games that have simple rules, such as taking turns and
the roles they have. When she sees passing items to others.
a police officer, firefighter, doctor,
nurse, crossing guard, postal carrier
or sanitation worker, talk with Taking care of your child
her about the jobs these people As your child begins to notice similarities and differences in people,
have and how they help to keep people healthy and safe in the read books that focus on children from other communities, pointing
SOCIAL STUDIES
community. out the similarities and differences in families and customs.
Share family stories and traditions with your child and show her Your child will begin to follow rules more regularly, but may need
pictures of family members, past and present. Let her help you help with consistency. Point out signs and other symbols of rules
prepare meals that are special for your family. Discuss holidays and around her to help her understand there are rules for the community
other celebrations that reflect your family’s culture and teach her just like rules for the house and classroom.
songs or special ways your family celebrates these occasions.
Creative Expression As your child grows
CREATIVE
than the product that is created. Three-year-olds do not yet have
the understanding or hand control to copy an adult model of a
CREA
drawing or color within the lines in coloring books. Encourage his
creative process and join in whenever possible.
The Importance of Family Housework is a never-ending cycle. Let your little one help with the
work. Young children love to help and can be successful at simple
chores. Letting your child help with housework is a great way to
Learning starts at home with you as your child’s first teacher.
help him learn new skills. Just remember that it’s the effort that
Infants, toddlers and preschoolers learn by observing and listening
counts! Below are some easy chores for you to introduce to your
to family members as they go about their daily routines.
young child.
• Sort spoons to put away.
Families are responsible for shaping a child’s development of values,
• Help fold laundry.
learning skills and social skills. Your child is watching everything you
• Match socks.
do and listening to everything you say.
• Pick up toys and put them away.
• Help feed pets.
Learning occurs naturally
• Put dirty clothes in a clothes basket or hamper.
for children through
their play. Children are
All of these activities encourage your child to learn new skills and
happiest when they
to be a contributing member of your family. Feeling secure in his
play, and playing is one
role as a family member helps him to develop self-confidence and
of the best tools for
a sense of responsibility.
learning new skills. Join
in your child’s play by
getting down on his level Remember, you are your child’s
and playing with him. Get
down on the floor and
first teacher.
pretend to be his favorite
animal to encourage his
Zero to Three:
https://www.zerotothree.org/parenting
Free Apps for Families Family Resources
OFFICE OF EARLY LEARNING
Provides state-level support and direction for parents, teachers
and early learning professionals. OEL administers three statewide
programs including: the state child care assistance program, School
Readiness, the free Voluntary Prekindergarten (VPK) program for
four-year-olds and the Child Care Resource and Referral program for
all Florida families.
1-866-357-3239 (Toll-free), (TTY:711)
http://www.floridaearlylearning.com
2-1-1
A 24-hour hotline where parents connect with national, state
and local information and referral services. 2-1-1 offers parents
information to assist families with food, housing, employment,
health care and counseling services.
Dial 211
www.211.org
Learn more at cdc.gov/MilestoneTracker
ACCESS FLORIDA
Temporary cash assistance and food stamp information is available
through DCF’s Access Florida Hotline.
1-866-762-2237 (Toll-free)
You have what www.dcf.state.fl.us/programs/access
it takes to be a
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