Math Problems: Sequences, Equations, and Probability
Math Problems: Sequences, Equations, and Probability
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(Total for Question 22 is 4 marks)
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5 10 20 5 200 400 5
....................................................... (2)
5 2
The 4th term of a different geometric sequence is
4
5 2
The 6th term of this sequence is
8
Given that the terms of this sequence are all positive,
(b) work out the first term of this sequence. You must show all your working.
....................................................... (3)
(Total for Question 23 is 5 marks)
Simultaneous equations
5x + 2y = 11
4x + 3y = 6
x = .......................................................
y = .......................................................
(Total for Question 12 is 4 marks)
2 – 2y = x
2y = 3x – 22
x = ......................................................
y = ......................................................
(Total for Question 9 is 1 mark)
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21 (a) On the grid, draw the graph of x2 + y2 = 169
(2)
(b) Use your graph to find estimates for the solutions of the simultaneous equations
x2 + y2 = 169
2y = 3x
............................................................................................................
(3)
(Total for Question 21 is 5 marks)
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20 The diagram shows the graph of x2 + y2 = 30.25
Use the graph to find estimates for the solutions of the simultaneous equations
x2 + y2 = 30.25
y – 2x = 1
.......................................................................................................................................
(Total for Question 20 is 3 marks)
Exact trigonometry
22 ABCDEFGH is a cuboid.
AF = 6.8 cm
FC = 13.6 cm
Work out the size of the angle between FC and the
plane ABCD.
......................................................°
(Total for Question 22 is 2 marks)
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21
The diagram shows a sketch of part of the curve with equation y = cos x°
P is a minimum point on the curve.
Write down the coordinates of P.
( ............................ , ............................ )
(Total for Question 21 is 2 marks)
19 Here is the graph of y = sin x° for –180 ≤ x ≤ 180
......................................................
(2)
(b) Write down a value of x such that
x = ......................................................
(1)
(Total for Question 19 is 3 marks)
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Algebraic fractions
4x + 3 3 ax + b
15 Show that + can be written in the form where a, b and c are integers.
2x 5 cx
1 1
19 Solve − =4
x x +1
1 3
19 Solve + =1
2x −1 x −1
p q
Give your answer in the form where p and q are integers.
2
(Total for Question 19 is 4 marks)
Inequalities
1 Solve 7x − 27 < 8
(Total for Question 1 is 2 marks)
17 On the grid show, by shading, the region that satisfies all of these inequalities.
3 3 2 a 3 +b
23 Write − in the form where a, b and c are integers.
4− 3 3 c
8 + 12 a+ 3
19 Show that can be written in the form , where a and b are integers.
5+ 3 b
180 - 2 5 5
20 --- Show that can be written in the form a + where a and b are integers.
5 5 -5 b
The probability tree diagram shows the probabilities that Martha will win or lose
each game.
Find the probability that Martha will lose at least one game.
16 A first aid test has two parts, a theory test and a practical test.
Work out the probability that he takes exactly one red counter.
4
f(x) = 3x2 + 1 for x > 0 and g(x) = for x > 0
x2
x +2
f (x) = 3x + 4 g (x) =
5
25 × 2 4
(b) Write in the form 2n where n is an integer.
23
1
(d) Find the value of 27 3
(Total for Question 9 is 4 marks)
3n
(c) Write n-1 as a power of 3
9
4
8 3
17 Work out the value of
27
(Total for Question 17 is 2 marks)
2
1 −3
14 Work out the value of 27 + ( )3
2
5 3
(b) Work out the value of 8 3 − 9 2
1
−
4 2 2
5 4
Work out the value of −3
9 3
18
2
You must show all your working.
(Total for Question 18 is 4 marks)
(6 x5 y 3 )2
11 Write in the form ax b y c where a, b and c are integers.
3x 2 y 7 4 xy −3
(Total for Question 11 is 3 marks)
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Direct and inverse proportion
13 y is directly proportional to x.
y = 24 when x = 1.5
Work out the value of y when x = 5
(Total for Question 13 is 3 marks)
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13 p is inversely proportional to t
Complete the table of values.
t 100 25 2
p 1 5
Find a formula for y in terms of x. Give your answer in its simplest form.
(Total for Question 17 is 4 marks)
Circle theorem
• •
13 Ted is trying to change 0.43 to a fraction.
• •
x = 0.43
••
10x = 4.34
•• • •
10x – x = 4.34 – 0.43
..
12 Express 0.117 as a fraction. You must show all your working.
Perpendicular lines
12 --- The table gives information about the weekly wages of 80 people.
Cumulative
Wage (£w)
frequency
200 < w ⩽ 250
200 < w ⩽ 300
200 < w ⩽ 350
200 < w ⩽ 400
200 < w ⩽ 450
200 < w ⩽ 500
(1)
(b) On the grid below, draw a cumulative frequency graph for your completed table.
(2)
Juan says: “60% of this group of people have a weekly wage of £360 or less.”
(c) Is Juan correct? You must show how you get your answer.
(3)
(Total for Question 12 is 6 marks)
12 The cumulative frequency table gives information about the heights, in cm, of 40 plants.
(a) On the grid, draw a cumulative frequency graph for this information.
(2)
(b) Use the graph to find an estimate for the median height of the plants.
....................................................... cm (1)
(Total for Question 12 is 3 marks)
10 The table shows some information about the profit made each day at a cricket club on 100
days.
Cumulative
Profit (£x)
frequency
0 ≤ x < 50
0 ≤ x < 100
0 ≤ x < 150
0 ≤ x < 200
0 ≤ x < 250
0 ≤ x < 300
#
(b) On the grid, draw a cumulative frequency graph for this information.
(2)
(c) Use your graph to find an estimate for the number of days on which the profit was less
than £125
£....................................................... (2)
(Total for Question 10 is 6 marks)
Number reasoning
x = ......................................................
(Total for Question 19 is 2 marks)
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He has
3 blue cards
7 green cards
and 1 white card.
.....................................................
(Total for Question 20 is 3 marks)
Decimals
(b) Find the highest common factor (HCF) of 156 and 130
(Total for Question 3 is 4 marks)
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8 (Totala for
The diagram shows Question
prism placed 8onisa3horizontal
marks) floor.
ground is a 4 m by 2 m rectangle.
The pressure on the floor due to the prism is 75 newtons/m2
Work out the pressure on the ground due
Work
to the tank.out the force exerted by the prism on the floor.
(Total
Fractions
1 3 3
2 Show that 2 ´3 =8
3 4 4
1 2
3 Work out 4 − 2
5 3
Give your answer as a mixed number.
.......................................................
(Total for Question 3 is 3 marks)
3 1
2 (a) Work out 1 + 2
5 4
Give your answer as a mixed number.
2 4
(b) Show that 2 6 =
3 9
(Total for Question 2 is 4 marks)
3 1
2 Work out 7 − 2
8 2
Give your answer as a mixed number.
(Total for Question 2 is 3 marks)
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Venn diagram
5 E = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
A = {odd numbers}
B = {square numbers}
(a) Complete the Venn diagram for this information.
(3)
A number is chosen at random from the universal set E
(b) Find the probability that this number is in the set B′
......................................................
(2)
(Total for Question 5 is 5 marks)
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9 (a) Complete the table of values for y = 6x − x3
x −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3
y 9 4 −9
(2)
(b) On the grid, draw the graph of y = 6x − x3 for values of x from −3 to 3
(2)
(Total for Question 9 is 4 marks)
6 (a) Complete the table of values for y = x2 − 3x + 1
x −1 0 1 2 3 4
y 1 −1
(2)
(2)
(c) Using your graph, find estimates for the solutions of the equation x2 − 3x + 1 = 0
....................................................... (2)
(Total for Question 6 is 6 marks)
Surface area
7 The diagram shows a cube with edges of length x cm and a sphere of radius 3 cm.
The surface area of the cube is equal to the surface area of the sphere.
16 Here is a sphere.
3
of the surface area of this sphere is 75π cm2
8
Number of cars
Least number 300
Lower quartile
Median 900
Upper quartile
Range 1000
(a) (i) Use the information in the table to complete the box plot.
(ii) Use the information in the box plot to complete the table.
(3)
On some of these 80 days Alice saw fewer than 1200 cars going into the village.
(b) Work out an estimate for the number of days Alice saw fewer than 1200 cars going into
the village.
(2)
(Total for Question 11 is 5 marks)
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15 8 9 9
16 4 5 7 7 8
Key: 15 | 8 represents 158 cm
17 0 3 4 4 7
18 0 2
Compare the distribution of the heights of the girls with the distribution of the heights of the
boys.
Show that
10 Here is a pentagon.
6 - ADC is a triangle.
a 2 b 3
10 - Given that = and =
b 5 c 4
find a : b : c
2323There
- There
areare four
four types
types ofof cards
cards inina game.
a game.
Each card has a black circle or a white circle or a black triangle or a white triangle.
Each card has a black circle or a white circle or a black triangle or a white triangle.
number
number of of
cards
cards number
number of
of cards
cards
with a black shape
with a black shape :: with
== 33: 5: 5
a white
with a white shape
shape
number
numberof of
cards
cards number of cards
: number of cards = 2:7
with a circle
with a circle : with a triangle = 2:7
with a triangle
Express the total number of cards with a black shape as a fraction of the total number of
cards with a triangle.
Express the total number of cards with a black shape as a fraction of the total number of cards
with a triangle.
3(1- f )
17 - Make f the subject of the formula d=
f -4
(Total for Question 17 is 4 marks)
4(2 x − 7)
17 Make x the subject of the formula y =
5x + 3
Standard form
(c) Work out (4 × 103) × (6 × 10−5) Give your answer in standard form.
(Total for Question 4 is 4 marks)
9 - Write these numbers in order of size. Start with the smallest number.
→
AB = 3a + 4b
→
AC = 15a + 20b
→
DE = 3e + 6f
→
EF = −10.5e − 21f
length of DF : length of DE
(Total for Question 15 is 5 marks)
21 DEF is a triangle.
21 DEF is a triangle. D
® ®
FD = a and FE = b
Use a vector method to prove that PQ is parallel to FE.
F E
FD = a and FE = b
(Total
Use a vector method to prove that PQ 21
for Question to FE.
is 4 marks)
is parallel
Solving quadratic equations
8 Solve x2 = 5x + 24
(Total for Question 8 is 3 marks)
Mean
8 The table shows the amount of snow, in cm, that fell each day for 30 days.
Amount of snow
Frequency
(s cm)
0 ≤ s < 10 8
10 ≤ s < 20 10
20 ≤ s < 30 7
30 ≤ s < 40 2
40 ≤ s < 50 3
Work out an estimate for the mean amount of snow per day.
Shirley assumes that none of the marks had rubbed off between Monday and Tuesday.
(b) If Shirley’s assumption is wrong, explain what effect this would have on your answer to
part (a).
4 The table shows information about the daily rainfall in a town for 60 days.
0≤R<5 8
5 ≤ R < 10 24
10 ≤ R < 15 13
15 ≤ R < 20 11
20 ≤ R < 25 4
(a) Describe the relationship between the age and the weight of the babies.
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(1)
Another baby has a weight of 5.8 kg
(b) Using the scatter graph, find an estimate for the age of this baby.
...................................................... months
(2)
(Total for Question 6 is 3 marks)
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14 The table shows information about the weights, in grams, of some potatoes.
50 < w ≤ 70 20
70 < w ≤ 80 50
80 < w ≤ 90 60
90 < w ≤ 110 30
....................................................... (3)
(b) What does the area under the graph represent?
(1)
(Total for Question 14 is 4 marks)
15 An object falls from rest.
Here is the distance‑time graph for the distance (d metres) fallen by the object t seconds
after it starts to fall.
......................................................
(Total for Question 15 is 3 marks)
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